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主語補足語如何辨別

時間: 謝君787 分享

主語補足語如何辨別

  對于主語補足語,語法家們各有不同的看法。以下是由學習啦小編整理關于什么是主語補足語的內(nèi)容,希望大家喜歡!

  主語補足語的簡介

  主動語態(tài)中的賓語補足語,可以轉(zhuǎn)化為被動語態(tài)中的主語補足語。

  eg. They caught the boy stealing. (stealing 作為賓語補足語)

  轉(zhuǎn)化為被動語態(tài)The boy was caught stealing. (stealing轉(zhuǎn)化為主語補足語)

  主語補足語的關系

  被動語態(tài)的主語補足語與主動語態(tài)的賓語補足語是密切相關的。例如:

  (1) I saw him playing basketball yesterday.

  (2) He was seen playing basketball yesterday.

  句(1)中的含義不是我看見他,而是我看見他正在打籃球。playing basketball是賓語him的補足語。所以叫賓語補足語。

  句(2)中的含義也不是他被看,而是別人看見他正在打籃球。這里的playing basketball是主語he的補足語,故稱作主語補足語。主語和主語補足語一起稱作復合主語。所以含有主語補足語的句子一般是被動語態(tài),謂語動詞是可以接復合賓語(賓語+賓語補足語)的及物動詞。句首的主語就是主語補足語的邏輯主語。

  主語補足語的形式

  1. 動詞elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名詞用作主語補足語。例如:

 ?、?The dog is called Karl.

  ② Coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.

 ?、?He was found the right man for the job.

  2. 動詞keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容詞用作主語補足語。例如:

 ?、?The door was painted white.

 ?、?The old man was found weak.

 ?、?The classroom is always kept clean every day.

  3. 動詞see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接分詞用作主語補足語。例如:

 ?、?He is often heard reading English.

  ② The professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.

 ?、?The glass was found broken.

  ④ The classroom was found crowded with people.

  4.感官動詞see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接帶to的不定式用作主語補足語。例如:

  ① He was seen to come upstairs.

 ?、?Ice is known to be in a solid state.

  ③ The spy was ordered to be hanged.

  5.介詞短語用作主語補足語。例如:

 ?、?The books in the study must be kept in good order.

  ② He was found in good health.

 ?、?English is considered of great importance for us.

  6. as后面接名詞、形容詞、分詞等用作主語補足語。例如:

 ?、?English is taken as a useful means for research work.

 ?、?The news is considered as true.

  ③ The stool is usually thought as having four legs

 ?、?The vase is thought as broken.

  7. 由what引導的名詞性從句用作主語補足語。例如:

  The boy has been made what he is.

  主語補足語的判別方法

  1.看句中的動詞是不是可接復合賓語,而且是不是被動語態(tài),與此同時還要看其后部分的邏輯主語是不是句子的主語。

  2. 另一種最簡單的方法是:如果還不能看出來就可以把全句改成主動語態(tài),加上一個主語we或people等。改成主動語態(tài)后,看后面是不是變成了“賓語+賓語補足語”了,這樣我們就可以判別原句后面是不是主語補足語。例如:

  被動句:She was found reading in the library. (主語補足語)

  主動句:We found her reading in the library. (賓語+賓語補足語)
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