linux查看系統(tǒng)信息命令
linux查看系統(tǒng)信息命令
linux 查看系統(tǒng)信息命令是linux初學(xué)者必備的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí), 這些命令也非常有用, 因?yàn)檫M(jìn)入linux第一件事就可能是首先查看系統(tǒng)信息，因此學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家分享一些linux查看系統(tǒng)信息的命令，供大家參考!
linux查看系統(tǒng)信息命令
cpu
lscpu命令，查看的是cpu的統(tǒng)計(jì)信息.
blue@blue-pc:~$ lscpu
Architecture: i686 #cpu架構(gòu)
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian #小尾序
CPU(s): 4 #總共有4核
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3
Thread(s) per core: 1 #每個(gè)cpu核，只能支持一個(gè)線程，即不支持超線程
Core(s) per socket: 4 #每個(gè)cpu，有4個(gè)核
Socket(s): 1 #總共有1一個(gè)cpu
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel #cpu產(chǎn)商 intel
CPU family: 6
Model: 42
Stepping: 7
CPU MHz: 1600.000
BogoMIPS: 5986.12
Virtualization: VT-x #支持cpu虛擬化技術(shù)
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 256K
L3 cache: 6144K
查看/proc/cpuinfo,可以知道每個(gè)cpu信息，如每個(gè)CPU的型號(hào)，主頻等。
#cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 42
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2320 CPU @ 3.00GHz
.....
上面輸出的是第一個(gè)cpu部分信息，還有3個(gè)cpu信息省略了。
內(nèi)存
概要查看內(nèi)存情況
free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 3926 3651 274 0 12 404
-/+ buffers/cache: 3235 691
Swap: 9536 31 9505
這里的單位是MB，總共的內(nèi)存是3926MB。
查看內(nèi)存詳細(xì)使用
# cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 4020868 kB
MemFree: 230884 kB
Buffers: 7600 kB
Cached: 454772 kB
SwapCached: 836 kB
.....
查看內(nèi)存硬件信息
dmidecode -t memory
# dmidecode 2.11
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x0008, DMI type 16, 23 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
....
Maximum Capacity: 32 GB
....
Handle 0x000A, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
....
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0008
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
.....
我的主板有4個(gè)槽位，只用了一個(gè)槽位，上面插了一條4096MB的內(nèi)存。
磁盤
查看硬盤和分區(qū)分布
# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 9.3G 0 part [SWAP]
├─sda3 8:3 0 74.5G 0 part /
├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part
├─sda5 8:5 0 111.8G 0 part /home
└─sda6 8:6 0 269.2G 0 part
顯示很直觀
如果要看硬盤和分區(qū)的詳細(xì)信息
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00023728
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2148351 1073152 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2148352 21680127 9765888 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 21680128 177930239 78125056 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 177932286 976771071 399419393 5 Extended/dev/sda5 177932288 412305407 117186560 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 412307456 976771071 282231808 83 Linux
網(wǎng)卡
查看網(wǎng)卡硬件信息
# lspci | grep -i 'eth'
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06)
查看系統(tǒng)的所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口
# ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:以太網(wǎng) 硬件地址 b8:97:5a:17:b3:8f
.....
lo Link encap:本地環(huán)回
.....
或者是
ip link show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether b8:97:5a:17:b3:8f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
如果要查看某個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口的詳細(xì)信息，例如eth0的詳細(xì)參數(shù)和指標(biāo)
# ethtool eth0
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full #支持千兆半雙工，全雙工模式
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes #支持自適應(yīng)模式，一般都支持
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes #默認(rèn)使用自適應(yīng)模式
Link partner advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
.....
Speed: 100Mb/s #現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)卡的速度是100Mb,網(wǎng)卡使用自適應(yīng)模式，所以推測(cè)路由是100Mb，導(dǎo)致網(wǎng)卡從支持千兆，變成要支持百兆
Duplex: Full #全雙工
.....
Link detected: yes #表示有網(wǎng)線連接，和路由是通的
其他
查看pci信息，即主板所有硬件槽信息。
lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) #主板芯片
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) #顯卡
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) #usb控制器
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) #聲卡
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) #pci 插槽
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev c4)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev c4)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller (rev 04)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation Panther Point 4 port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 04) #硬盤接口
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04)
00:1f.5 IDE interface: Intel Corporation Panther Point 2 port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 04) #硬盤接口
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06) #網(wǎng)卡
03:00.0 PCI bridge: Integrated Technology Express, Inc. Device 8893 (rev 41)
如果要更詳細(xì)的信息:lspci -v 或者 lspci -vv
如果要看設(shè)備樹:lscpi -t
查看bios信息
# dmidecode -t bios
......
BIOS Information
Vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
Version: 4.6.5
Release Date: 04/25/2012
.......
BIOS Revision: 4.6
......
dmidecode以一種可讀的方式dump出機(jī)器的DMI(Desktop Management Interface)信息。這些信息包括了硬件以及BIOS，既可以得到當(dāng)前的配置，也可以得到系統(tǒng)支持的最大配置，比如說支持的最大內(nèi)存數(shù)等。
如果要查看所有有用信息
dmidecode -q
里面包含了很多硬件信息。
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