linux下磁盤(pán)怎么分區(qū)(2)
p #分區(qū)類(lèi)型為主分區(qū)
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 #分區(qū)號(hào)，在這里我們依次選擇1、2、3、4
First sector (2048-496127, default 2048): #指定分區(qū)的起始扇區(qū)，一般默認(rèn)，按enter鍵即可。
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-496127, default 496127): +50M #指定分區(qū)的終止扇區(qū)，根據(jù)前面的提示我們可以做出相應(yīng)的選擇+sectors 或 +size{K,M,G}
Command (m for help): p #用p打印出已建好的分區(qū)列表
Disk /dev/sdb: 254 MB, 254017536 bytes
8 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders, total 496128 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 104447 51200 83 Linux
#剩下的三個(gè)分區(qū)的建立操作同上
#分好四個(gè)主分區(qū)后的情況如下
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 254 MB, 254017536 bytes
8 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders, total 496128 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 104447 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 104448 206847 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 206848 309247 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 309248 309298 25+ 83 Linux
#已經(jīng)建好四個(gè)主分區(qū)啦，現(xiàn)在我們來(lái)看看如果再建主分區(qū)或是擴(kuò)展分區(qū)的話會(huì)出現(xiàn)怎樣的情況：
Command (m for help): n
You must delete some partition and add an extended partition first
#看到了吧，不能再建分區(qū)啦!要再建分區(qū)的話必須刪除some分區(qū)，再新建一個(gè)擴(kuò)展分區(qū)才行。
#現(xiàn)在，我們刪掉一個(gè)主分區(qū)，來(lái)新建擴(kuò)展分區(qū)
Command (m for help): d #刪除分區(qū)
Partition number (1-4): 4 #選擇要?jiǎng)h除分區(qū)的分區(qū)號(hào)，我們選第四個(gè)
Command (m for help): p #打印，如下，四個(gè)分區(qū)變成了三個(gè)!
Disk /dev/sdb: 254 MB, 254017536 bytes
8 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders, total 496128 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 104447 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 104448 206847 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 206848 309247 51200 83 Linux
#新建一個(gè)擴(kuò)展分區(qū)
#如果在沒(méi)有建滿三個(gè)主分的區(qū)的情況下建立擴(kuò)展分區(qū)，相關(guān)選項(xiàng)會(huì)有些不同。
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Selected partition 4
First sector (309248-496127, default 309248): #enter，默認(rèn)
Using default value 309248
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (309248-496127, default 496127): #enter，默認(rèn)，使用剩余空間
Using default value 496127
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 254 MB, 254017536 bytes
8 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders, total 496128 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 104447 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 104448 206847 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 206848 309247 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 309248 496127 93440 5 Extended
#接下來(lái)，我們?cè)谛陆ǖ臄U(kuò)展分區(qū)里再新建兩個(gè)邏輯分區(qū)，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)有了三個(gè)主分區(qū)，這里不會(huì)再顯示是建立邏輯分區(qū)還是主分區(qū)的提示!
Command (m for help): n
First sector (311296-496127, default 311296): #enter
Using default value 311296
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (311296-496127, default 496127): +50M
Command (m for help): n
First sector (415744-496127, default 415744): #enter
Using default value 415744
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (415744-496127, default 496127): #enter
Using default value 496127
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 254 MB, 254017536 bytes
8 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders, total 496128 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 104447 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 104448 206847 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 206848 309247 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 309248 496127 93440 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 311296 413695 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 415744 496127 40192 83 Linux
#上面的列表，就是我們今天分區(qū)的成果啦!接下來(lái)保存退出，重啟計(jì)算機(jī)，就可以進(jìn)行下一步的mkfs操作啦!如果忘記了相關(guān)的操作命令，記得按m!!!
Command (m for help): w #保存
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
另：在建好分區(qū)后，我們還可以更改相關(guān)分區(qū)的文件系統(tǒng)類(lèi)型
#如，我們要把第二個(gè)主分區(qū)改成Linux下的交換分區(qū)，操作如下
Command (m for help): t #更改文件系統(tǒng)類(lèi)型
Partition number (1-6): 2 #選擇第二個(gè)分區(qū)
Hex code (type L to list codes): L #選擇要更改的文件系統(tǒng)編碼，可以按L來(lái)查看相關(guān)編碼信息。
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
............
16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 82 #查找到linux swap的編碼為82
Changed system type of partition 2 to 82 (Linux swap / Solaris)
Command (m for help): p
..............
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 104447 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 104448 206847 51200 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sdb3 206848 309247 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 309248 496127 93440 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 311296 413695 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 415744 496127 40192 83 Linux
#最后別忘了保存!如果你須要的話!
#擴(kuò)展分區(qū)不能直接使用，邏輯分區(qū)只能建立在擴(kuò)展分區(qū)上!
第二步：mkfs(mkfs時(shí)分區(qū)的格式最好與fdisk設(shè)定的分區(qū)格式一致，不然.......)
mkfs支持ext2 ext3 vfa msdos jfs reiserfs等文件系統(tǒng)。
用法1：mkfs -t
例： mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb2
用法2：mkfs.
例：mkfs,vfat /dev/sdb3
mke2fs支持ext2/ext3文件系統(tǒng)
用法：mke2fs [-j]
例:mke2fs -j /dev/sdb5
# 更多更具體的用法請(qǐng)參照相關(guān)命令的man手冊(cè)
下面，接著實(shí)驗(yàn)：
例一
[root@novice ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
12824 inodes, 51200 blocks
2560 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=52428800
7 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
1832 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 34 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
例二：
[root@novice ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-6): 6
Hex code (type L to list codes): L
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
.........
Hex code (type L to list codes): 7
Changed system type of partition 6 to 7 (HPFS/NTFS)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 254 MB, 254017536 bytes
8 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders, total 496128 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 104447 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 104448 206847 51200 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sdb3 206848 309247 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 309248 496127 93440 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 311296 413695 51200 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 415744 496127 40192 7 HPFS/NTFS
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@novice ~]# mkfs.ntfs /dev/sdb6
Cluster size has been automatically set to 4096 bytes.
Initializing device with zeroes: 100% - Done.
Creating NTFS volume structures.
mkntfs completed successfully. Have a nice day.
第三部：掛載
掛載：mount
例：mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt /sdb1
卸載：umonut
例：umount /dev/sdb1
/etc/fstab:
可以把要掛載的分區(qū)寫(xiě)入/etc/fstab，這樣在開(kāi)機(jī)的時(shí)候就能自動(dòng)掛載啦!
#關(guān)于mount/nmout具體用法請(qǐng)參照man手冊(cè)，/etc/fstab內(nèi)的掛載格式，參數(shù)等在該文件內(nèi)都有相關(guān)的說(shuō)明。這里只做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的測(cè)試，不再累述!
[root@novice /]# cd /mnt
[root@novice mnt]# mkdir sdb
[root@novice mnt]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdb
[root@novice mnt]# cd /mnt/sdb
[root@novice sdb]# echo "Hello! I am here" > test.txt
[root@novice sdb]# cat test.txt
Hello! I am here
[root@novice sdb]# cd ..
[root@novice mnt]# umount /dev/sdb1
[root@novice mnt]# cd /mnt/sdb
[root@novice sdb]# ls -l
total 0
以上就是linux下磁盤(pán)怎么分區(qū)的方法了，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
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