2015年考研英語真題

　　Part C

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration-one the great folk wanderings of history-swept from Europe to America. (46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.

　　(47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas,customs and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. (48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.

　　(49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six-to twelve-week voyage, they survived on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ships were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.

　　To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one recorder of events, The air at twelve leagues distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden. Thecolonists first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods.(50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.

　　46)在多種強大的動機驅動下，這次運動在一片荒野上建起了一個國家，其本身塑造了一個未知大陸的性格和命運。

　　47)美國是兩種主要力量的產物即思想習俗、民族特色各異的歐洲移民和修改這些特征的新國家的影響的產物。

　　48)但由于美國特有的地理條件,不同民族的相互作用,以及維護原始老式方式的純粹困難,新大陸引起了重大變化。

　　49)在15-16世紀北美探索的一百多年之后，運往該領土-即當今的美國-的第一船移民橫渡了大西洋。

　　50)擁有豐富多樣樹種的原始森林是一個真正的寶庫，它從緬因州一直延伸到喬治亞州。

　　SectionⅢ Writing

　　Part A

　　51.

　　You are going to host a club reading session.Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club mrs.

　　You should state reasons for your recommendations.

　　You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　Do not sign your own name at the end of the text. Use Li Ming instead.

　　Do not write the address.(10 points)

　　Dear club mrs,

　　As the next reading session is scheduled to be launched in two days, its a great honor for me to take the opportunity to present you a book worth reading-The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith.

　　Through reflection over economics at the beginning of Industrial Revolution, the writer has elaborated on the fundamental principles of capitalism at work with insightful conceptions and eloquent speeches. Besides, the book has stood the test of time by repeated quotations and critical reviews from following researchers, exerting profound influences on anyone engaged in the field of capitalist market.

　　I believe reading such a classical book from an authoritative writer will produce a life-enriching and thought-provoking effect for all club mrs.

　　52.

　　Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following picture. In your essay, you should

　　1) describe the picture briefly.

　　2) interpret its intended meaning, and

　　3) give your comments.

　　You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)

　　As is depicted above, a number of young people are having a gathering of friends, but instead of talking with each other, each of them is addicted to his or her mobile phone. The lower part of the picture, we can see some Chinese characters which read the meeting in mobile-phone era.

　　Undoubtedly, the author of the picture aims at reminding us of the double edge of the cell phone. It is well known that thanks to the development of human civilization, many formerly unimaginable things come into reality. A case in point is the mobile phones. We must admit that the smart phone indeed dramatically changes our life. However, if used improperly, the mobile phones also can bring unhealthy side-effects, and imperil face to face communication between people. It is not too much to say that being over-addicted to mobile phones will cost our health, wisdom, creativity, friendship and even our ability to live.

　　Weighing the pros and cons of both sides, perhaps the best policy is to regulate it in such a way as to maximize its advantages. At the same time, we must avoid its harmful part. Furthermore, young people should be advised that spending too much time in using smart phones is bad for them.