考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解真題解析和技巧
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解真題總是讓考上一副很煩惱的樣子，其實(shí)看看之前的試題，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)出了哪些題目和題型，自己心理也會(huì)有個(gè)底的。以下是小編推薦考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解真題解析知識(shí)，歡迎閱讀!
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解真題解析
Directions:
In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
[A]Create a new image of yourself
[B]Decide if the time is right
[C]Have confidence in yourself
[D]Understand the context
[E]Work with professionals
[F]Know your goals
[G]Make it efficient
No matter how formal or informa the work environment，the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research from Princeton University，people assess your competence，trustworthiness，and likeability in just a tenth of a second，solely based on the way you look.
The difference between today’s workplace and the“dress for success” era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.
So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhance our goals? Here are some tips;
41.
As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful during transitions---when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.
42. Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more“SoHo”.(It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)
43.
Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.
44.
Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.
45.
The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time passing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.
41. B Decide if the time is right
解析：此段第一句話(huà)主句里面說(shuō)“在過(guò)渡的階段提升自我形象尤其有用”。第二句和第三、四句分別展開(kāi)說(shuō)明，第二句表明：如果你處在變動(dòng)的時(shí)期或者感覺(jué)需要變動(dòng)，那么可能這可能是一個(gè)好的時(shí)機(jī)。 相反，第三、四句話(huà)表示：如果不確定的話(huà)，就需要得到別人的反饋了。也許無(wú)需提升。故整段的意思是說(shuō)要先確定是否現(xiàn)在是提升自我形象的正確時(shí)機(jī)。故答案為C選項(xiàng)。
42. F Know your goals
解析：此段中心句即第一句話(huà)，標(biāo)明“要清楚你想要的結(jié)果或影響”。其實(shí)就是你想要的目標(biāo)。緊接著開(kāi)始解釋?zhuān)岬奖热?，你是否想要更新你的形?那么，對(duì)于一個(gè)人來(lái)講，這個(gè)目標(biāo)可能是要被認(rèn)真對(duì)待或者要加強(qiáng)專(zhuān)業(yè)的形象。對(duì)于其他人，這個(gè)目標(biāo)可能是要被看作可以觸摸到的，或者是現(xiàn)代的，或者是時(shí)尚的。對(duì)于那些要從金融轉(zhuǎn)到廣告的，他們可能得看起來(lái)更“SOHO”.所以，整段都在講目標(biāo)。而選項(xiàng)F中的”goal”形成復(fù)現(xiàn)。故為答案。
43. D Understand the context
解析：復(fù)現(xiàn)原則，文章多次重復(fù)environment, understand the context 就是要理解你的工作處境。
44. E Work with professionals
解析：復(fù)現(xiàn)原則，文章多次重復(fù)professional, work with,就是要與專(zhuān)業(yè)人士一起工作。
45. G Make it efficient
解析：此段第二句句首出現(xiàn)instead, 故為轉(zhuǎn)折句。所以從此句獲得中心內(nèi)容。該句講的是“最好是將形象升級(jí)用做減少做決定的機(jī)會(huì)。”緊接著提到“選取一套標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的工作服或幾個(gè)其他的選擇。把衣服一下子都買(mǎi)了，而不是一個(gè)人購(gòu)買(mǎi)，或者一次只買(mǎi)一件”。這些提到的都是要有效率。故選G。
英語(yǔ)閱讀理解技巧
1)理解主旨要義;
2)理解文中的具體信息;
3)理解文中的概念性含義;
4)進(jìn)行有關(guān)的判斷、推理和引申;
5)根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)生詞的詞義;
6)理解文章的總體結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文之間的關(guān)系;
7)理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度;
8)區(qū)分論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)。
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解結(jié)構(gòu)
(一)層層遞進(jìn)型
全文論述從抽象到具體，從簡(jiǎn)單到復(fù)雜，文章開(kāi)始是對(duì)有關(guān)主題的一般介紹，然后一步一步將主題具體化。這類(lèi)文章的各段開(kāi)始常出現(xiàn)表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的副詞，如in addition to， furthermore， moreover等，文章的主題一般可以通過(guò)綜合各段首句得出。
(二)一枝獨(dú)秀型
全文圍繞一個(gè)核心概念展開(kāi)，文章圍繞著這個(gè)概念、中心思想或者現(xiàn)象，從各個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分析和解釋說(shuō)明，最后對(duì)文章進(jìn)行總結(jié)，并再一次對(duì)該概念、中心思想進(jìn)行闡述。
(三)花開(kāi)兩朵型
文章開(kāi)始提出兩個(gè)核心概念，隨后分段論述。把握這種文章的關(guān)鍵是注意這兩個(gè)核心概念的定義，以及它們的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系。這種結(jié)構(gòu)分為兩類(lèi)，一種是兩個(gè)概念是并列的，另一種是兩個(gè)概念形成對(duì)比，對(duì)于后一種文章要注意兩個(gè)概念之間的區(qū)別，以及作者對(duì)各自的態(tài)度。
(四)現(xiàn)象——解釋型
在現(xiàn)象——解釋型的文章中，作者在文章開(kāi)始給出一個(gè)現(xiàn)象，相當(dāng)于提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題，然后對(duì)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行
解釋或分析現(xiàn)象或問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的原因，存在的因數(shù)以及可能解決方案，作者可能提到幾個(gè)不同的解決方案，但是之后作者自己認(rèn)可的那種解決方案才是文章的重點(diǎn)和主題;在文章最后對(duì)現(xiàn)象或問(wèn)題進(jìn)行總結(jié)說(shuō)明并進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)作者支持的那種解決辦法。
(五)問(wèn)題——解決方案型
在這類(lèi)文章中，作者首先提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題，然后針對(duì)這一問(wèn)題給出解決方案。如果有多個(gè)解決方案，作者認(rèn)可的才是主題。
除了文章結(jié)構(gòu)外，對(duì)于報(bào)刊雜志體文章時(shí)文的一般特點(diǎn)也應(yīng)有所了解，因?yàn)檫@種文章在考研閱讀中占有極大比重。報(bào)刊雜志體文章的主要特點(diǎn)有：
1.引人入勝。通常以一個(gè)有趣或吸引人的故事或背景開(kāi)始。
2.拋磚引玉。講故事或交代背景的目的在于引出主題。所以，時(shí)文的主題常出現(xiàn)于首段的最后一句話(huà)或第二段的首句。
3.假裝客觀。作者開(kāi)始不說(shuō)出自己的觀點(diǎn)，貌似客觀地陳述各派觀點(diǎn)，最后才表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)。在確定作者態(tài)度的時(shí)候，主要根據(jù)所舉的例子進(jìn)行判斷。如果例子表現(xiàn)一種正面態(tài)度，說(shuō)明作者對(duì)這一事物持正評(píng)價(jià);反之持負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)。
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