美國(guó)本科申請(qǐng)書(shū)寫(xiě)作禁忌有哪些
留學(xué)申請(qǐng)書(shū)對(duì)于美國(guó)名校的申請(qǐng)有著非常重要的意義。想要成功申請(qǐng)么過(guò)本科留學(xué)，就要寫(xiě)好申請(qǐng)書(shū)，切記觸碰到寫(xiě)作禁忌。下面就是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的美國(guó)本科申請(qǐng)書(shū)寫(xiě)作禁忌，希望對(duì)你有用!
美國(guó)本科申請(qǐng)書(shū)寫(xiě)作禁忌
禁忌一：脫離實(shí)際、弄虛作假、亂假設(shè)
個(gè)別同學(xué)把別人的科研實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)歷都安在自己的身上，從材料上看，這個(gè)學(xué)生看似有著極為出色的背景，他也可能會(huì)被一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的大學(xué)錄取甚至獲得全獎(jiǎng)，但是到校一學(xué)期后他的真實(shí)水平就會(huì)顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)。美國(guó)大學(xué)對(duì)于這種弄虛作假的行為甚為憤慨，會(huì)責(zé)令其退學(xué)。
美國(guó)大學(xué)教授希望通過(guò)申請(qǐng)文書(shū)了解真實(shí)的你，而不是一個(gè)編造的虛假人物。因此我們要本著誠(chéng)實(shí)的態(tài)度去寫(xiě)自己的申請(qǐng)文書(shū)。除此之外，千萬(wàn)不要在文書(shū)中假設(shè)太多，因?yàn)榧僭O(shè)永遠(yuǎn)只是在一定條件允許的情況下才能成立。文書(shū)還是要回歸實(shí)際，以強(qiáng)有力的客觀依據(jù)讓學(xué)校認(rèn)識(shí)到你的實(shí)力。
禁忌二：信息主次不分、取舍不當(dāng)
有些碩士項(xiàng)目的申請(qǐng)人在簡(jiǎn)歷里的教育背景部分羅列出自己在初中和高中的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷，而在工作經(jīng)歷或研究經(jīng)歷部分，卻一筆帶過(guò)，沒(méi)有對(duì)工作經(jīng)歷或研究經(jīng)歷進(jìn)行任何詳細(xì)的描述，這種主次不分、取舍不當(dāng)?shù)暮?jiǎn)歷，很難得到美國(guó)名校招生官的青睞。 很多美國(guó)大學(xué)在篩選、錄取申請(qǐng)人時(shí)，往往把簡(jiǎn)歷放在第一位。因此，申請(qǐng)人，尤其是商科的申請(qǐng)人，在制作簡(jiǎn)歷時(shí)一定要做到信息取舍得當(dāng)。
此外，很多申請(qǐng)人在文書(shū)中加入了對(duì)所申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè)的介紹，這種做法在某種程度上是可取的。但有些申請(qǐng)人從網(wǎng)上抄襲對(duì)于某個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)的介紹，并占據(jù)很大的篇幅，而對(duì)問(wèn)題里職業(yè)規(guī)劃部分卻輕描淡寫(xiě)，草草帶過(guò)，這顯然非常不可取。因?yàn)檫@會(huì)讓招生官認(rèn)為申請(qǐng)人完全沒(méi)有深入思考過(guò)自己以后要從事什么職業(yè)，如何一步一步地實(shí)現(xiàn)規(guī)劃的職業(yè)目標(biāo)，覺(jué)得申請(qǐng)人和所申請(qǐng)的項(xiàng)目不匹配。
禁忌三：顧左右而言他，目標(biāo)不明確
有些申請(qǐng)人在文書(shū)中沒(méi)有很清晰地描述出自己的目標(biāo)專(zhuān)業(yè)以及未來(lái)的研究方向和職業(yè)規(guī)劃，而是對(duì)一些與專(zhuān)業(yè)無(wú)關(guān)的事情高談闊論，讓招生官看不到申請(qǐng)人對(duì)目標(biāo)專(zhuān)業(yè)的理解和研究，必然以申請(qǐng)失敗收?qǐng)觥?/p>
申請(qǐng)文書(shū)顧名思義就是要幫你獲得申請(qǐng)結(jié)果的材料，那么這個(gè)申請(qǐng)必然要圍繞一個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)來(lái)進(jìn)行，這個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)就是你的目標(biāo)專(zhuān)業(yè)。既然以這個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)為核心開(kāi)展，那么我們的文書(shū)都要圍繞著這個(gè)主題來(lái)體現(xiàn)。也就是說(shuō)，在你的文書(shū)中要利用有效的文字去告訴招生官你在專(zhuān)業(yè)上有過(guò)怎樣的建樹(shù)，你以及你的推薦人對(duì)于你個(gè)人的專(zhuān)業(yè)研究潛力是怎樣評(píng)價(jià)看待的。
禁忌四：長(zhǎng)篇大論、拖沓冗長(zhǎng)
有申請(qǐng)人在寫(xiě)個(gè)人陳述的時(shí)候，思緒一打開(kāi)就收不住，寫(xiě)完就超過(guò)1500字了。要知道，在招生官審核材料的最忙碌的階段，過(guò)長(zhǎng)的文章是沒(méi)有人愿意也沒(méi)有時(shí)間耐心讀下去的。
對(duì)于申請(qǐng)研究生的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，課程和研究興趣是最關(guān)鍵的因素。如果你的個(gè)人陳述說(shuō)了三件事情都是為了說(shuō)明一個(gè)問(wèn)題，那么為什么不選出一個(gè)最具代表性的說(shuō)明呢?這樣會(huì)讓人覺(jué)得你寫(xiě)東西抓不到重點(diǎn)。因此申請(qǐng)文書(shū)切忌拖沓冗長(zhǎng)，精練、直觀、材料支持有力就足夠了。
美國(guó)本科申請(qǐng)文書(shū)種類(lèi)
美國(guó)本科文書(shū)之簡(jiǎn)歷(Curriculum Vitae,CV)
CV，即個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷，錄取委員會(huì)會(huì)通過(guò)CV中學(xué)生對(duì)自己個(gè)人信息、教育背景、所獲榮譽(yù)、個(gè)人重大影響事件、發(fā)表著作、參加組織及其他能力和愛(ài)好來(lái)了解申請(qǐng)者，給申請(qǐng)者打個(gè)印象分。
美國(guó)本科文書(shū)之個(gè)人陳述(Personal Statement,PS)
學(xué)生主要通過(guò)PS體現(xiàn)自己的申請(qǐng)動(dòng)機(jī)此外，還需要填充自身經(jīng)歷、經(jīng)驗(yàn)，表明你是一個(gè)合格的MASTER或PHD的申請(qǐng)者，并完全有能力勝任研究生階段的研究工作。美國(guó)本科申請(qǐng)文書(shū)學(xué)校也借此來(lái)考察申請(qǐng)人的能力、專(zhuān)業(yè)認(rèn)識(shí)、專(zhuān)業(yè)經(jīng)歷、學(xué)術(shù)背景及研究能力。學(xué)生在撰寫(xiě)時(shí)，需注意學(xué)校官網(wǎng)上的要求，如數(shù)量、字?jǐn)?shù)、甚至部分對(duì)格式也有要求。
美國(guó)本科文書(shū)之推薦信(Recommendation Letter,RL)
美國(guó)本科文書(shū)好的推薦信對(duì)錄取起到重要的作用。錄取委員會(huì)通過(guò)第三方最熟悉申請(qǐng)人的(如導(dǎo)師、直屬領(lǐng)導(dǎo)等)客觀而誠(chéng)實(shí)的介紹來(lái)了解申請(qǐng)人。美國(guó)本科申請(qǐng)文書(shū)從旁人角度看到申請(qǐng)人的性格特點(diǎn)、科研能力、學(xué)術(shù)水平、組織能力和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力等。學(xué)校也會(huì)隨即抽查核實(shí)，凡是發(fā)現(xiàn)涉及到cheating的材料，都是要cancel掉。所以，這部分還是希望學(xué)生慎重對(duì)待。
美國(guó)本科文書(shū)之寫(xiě)作范例(Writing Sample,WS)
美國(guó)本科申請(qǐng)文書(shū)寫(xiě)作范例的首要目的是考查申請(qǐng)者的語(yǔ)言能力，也反映出申請(qǐng)者對(duì)該專(zhuān)業(yè)的理解以及今后可能的研究方向，同時(shí)，這里面還包括了分析能力和邏輯性等等專(zhuān)業(yè)素養(yǎng)的要求。WS是文科生美國(guó)本科文書(shū)中的重中之重，直接體現(xiàn)申請(qǐng)人寫(xiě)論文的能力。在專(zhuān)業(yè)的區(qū)分方面，絕大部分文科專(zhuān)業(yè)，例如社會(huì)學(xué)、哲學(xué)等都絕對(duì)需要WS 。對(duì)于理工科申請(qǐng)者，在闡述理論或者進(jìn)行分析的時(shí)候也起著重要作用。
美國(guó)本科文書(shū)之命題短文(ESSAYS)
申請(qǐng)論文一般只有商科，經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)，法律，本科等才會(huì)準(zhǔn)備的一種美國(guó)本科申請(qǐng)文書(shū)。這是真正體現(xiàn)個(gè)人品質(zhì)的美國(guó)本科申請(qǐng)文書(shū)。什么樣的申請(qǐng)論文最吸引人?最熱的寫(xiě)法就是談?wù)勗诳赡苡羞`道德倫理之下面對(duì)的兩難境地你會(huì)如何選擇。例如在利益最大化之下面對(duì)正當(dāng)和不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的看法，通過(guò)敘事來(lái)體現(xiàn)個(gè)人所得，這是對(duì)你價(jià)值取向的最深體現(xiàn)，寫(xiě)的越精彩越好。如果是去讀MBA，如果你開(kāi)過(guò)公司正好可以突出個(gè)人價(jià)值觀和性格對(duì)公司的影響之類(lèi)的，因?yàn)閭€(gè)人的特殊經(jīng)歷是非常吸引人的。
美國(guó)本科文書(shū)之作品集(Portfolio)
美國(guó)本科申請(qǐng)文書(shū)作品集一般只要求申請(qǐng)藝術(shù)類(lèi)的申請(qǐng)人提供，中國(guó)學(xué)生比較熱門(mén)的申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè)有藝術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)、平面設(shè)計(jì)、工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，服裝設(shè)計(jì)等，近幾年又增加了電腦動(dòng)畫(huà)、電視傳媒等高科技尖端藝術(shù)類(lèi)專(zhuān)業(yè)的申請(qǐng)人。需提醒大家的是，申請(qǐng)前前大家仔細(xì)查閱官網(wǎng)信息，不同學(xué)校不同專(zhuān)業(yè)對(duì)于美國(guó)本科文書(shū)作品集的要求是不同的，比如要求光盤(pán)制作或紙板作品以及裝訂要求等，均有所不同。
美國(guó)留學(xué)申請(qǐng)文書(shū)的優(yōu)秀范文
To live a meaningful life everyday; to continually pursue my predetermined worthwhile goals. -My view of life.
Could I put myself in the life-threatening working environment? Could I sacrifice my life for the benefits of others? Some people may laugh at my crazy question. To me, that is a serious question I have come a long way to find my answer. “I am not sure whether it is worth to answer”; “What is the true meaning of that question?”
When I was a young child, I watched a soap opera that was about court. I was deeply impressed by the judge’s calmness and the lawyer’s eloquence and resource that were showed in this opera. From then on, I hoped to study law some day. Fortunately, I performed well in entrance examination and got enrolled into xx University. Then I chose law as my major without hesitation. At university, I studied hard and got GPA 3.4. What’s more, I broadly read all kinds of books, including philosophy, history etc. My teachers’ instruction strengthened my understanding of law and makes me understand the significance of law to a country. From my studies, I had a lot of fun and got more interested in law. Moreover, I actively participated in practice in holidays from common company to law firm and tried to apply the theory I had learned into practice.
This summer, I had my internship in counselor department in xxx Group Co Ltd which was involved in a business contract dispute, which was submitted to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission for arbitration. As a representative of the requested applicant, I took part in the evidence collection in the early arbitration stage and clearly explained why the 5% balance of goods was not paid on time. After knowing the whole case, I visited my teacher, an Arbitration Law professor, and listened to her opinions. Realizing the counterpart didn’t completely implement their contract duty, I gave reasons as follows: First, the counterpart company didn’t mention bearing issue, which caused that the delivered machines couldn’t be put into the plant because of the disqualification of workshop. Thus overhaul was necessary, which delayed production and resulted loss. Based on these reasons, the counterpart didn’t completely carry out its duty, so our party did not pay the balance on time. During this time, I found out the evidence and pictures that attested counterpart did not give reasonable suggestion and service, and made a statement in the court. Finally, the arbitration turned out that counterpart compensated our loss, in which the arbiters invoked the reasons that I stated. They had a panel made up of 3 lawyers and 5 company representatives as agents while we just had 3 persons—two lawyers and me. Under such condition, I was able to cooperate with them and clearly stated my opinions without any nervousness, which got their respect. This matter greatly inspired my enthusiasm on study.
In addition, I took part in the contact draft in several companies. In the process, when I met a lot of problems, I often turned to my teachers for help, which made good impression on them. As I cherished each practice, I studied my specialty and English hard. With effective study method and diligence, I did well both in English and law, which helped me a lot to get scholarship every year. On the other hand, my practice inspired me to study. In practice, I exercised my legal knowledge. I also realize the big gap between theory and its application—sometimes I have master the rules but I didn’t know how to use it in actual case. My practice experiences have not only strengthened what I learned but have supplied new knowledge for me, which is good for my future study and career.
In my study and practice, I admired outstanding lawyers’ eloquence and jumping thinking more and more. However, in China, most of lawyers come from theory study and those who can perform well in practice are insufficient. Moreover, after the China’s entrance to WTO, there are a lot of problems with Chinese law. I think, my internship experience is not enough. In practice, I could combine substantive law with procedural law to analyze case, but I still feel my theoretical foundation is not solid enough. What’s more, comparably speaking, the chances that I have to initiatively study and practice are not a lot. Thereby, I am eager to study further abroad to know more about foreign law, thoughts and lawyer career so that I am able to stand out in fierce competition.
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