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人教版初三英語知識點

時間: 淑航658 分享

  英語是一門實用性極強的課程。下面是學習啦小編收集整理的人教版初三英語知識點以供大家學習。

  人教版初三英語知識點:被動語態(tài)

  被動語態(tài)常用于以下兩種情況:

  1.不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者,或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者;

  2.強調(diào)動作的承受者。例如:

  C.熟練轉換

  1.將主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的基本方法為:

  ①將主動語態(tài)的賓語作被動語態(tài)的主語;

 ?、谥^語動詞變?yōu)?ldquo;be+及物動詞的過去分詞”,并通過be的變化來表達出不同的時態(tài);

  ③主動語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語,組成介詞短語放在被動結構中的謂語動詞之后。(有時by短語可以省略)。

  2.被動語態(tài)的一般疑問句是將一個助動詞置于主語之前;否定句是在第一個助動詞后加not;特殊疑問句的語序為:疑問詞+一般疑問句。例如:

  Where did they grow vegetables?(改為被動語態(tài))

  Where were vegetables grown ?

  將主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)應注意幾個特殊情況:

  1.含雙賓語的主動結構變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構時,有兩種方法:

 ?、賹㈤g接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,直接賓語保持不變;

 ?、趯⒅苯淤e語變?yōu)橹髡Z,間接賓語用介詞to或for引導。

  2.短語動詞的被動語態(tài):在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,要將短語動詞視為一個整體,其后的介詞或副詞不能省去。

  3.含有復合賓語的主動結構變被動結構時,通常將賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z,而賓語補足語就成為主語補足語。注意:省略to的不定式作賓補時,不定式符號to必須補上。

  4.不定式的被動結構:動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)為“to be +過去分詞”。

  人教版初三英語知識點:形容詞與副詞

  1.形容詞的用法

  (1)形容詞在句中作定語,表語,賓語補足語。例如:

  Our country is a beautiful country. (作定語)

  The fish went bad. (作表語)

  We keep our classroom clean and tidy. (作賓語補足語)

  (2)形容詞修飾something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代詞時,形容詞放在名詞后面。

  I have something important to tell you.

  Is there anything interesting in the film.

  (3)用 and 或 or 連接起來的兩個形容詞作定語時一般把它們放在被修飾的名詞后面。起進一步解釋的作用。

  Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting.

  You can take any box away, big or small.

  (4)the+形容詞表示一類人或物

  The rich should help the poor.

  2.副詞的用法

  (1)副詞在句中可作狀語,表語和定語。

  He studies very hard. (作狀語)

  Life here is full of joy. (作定語)

  When will you be back? (作表語)

  副詞按其用途和含義可分為下面五類:

  1)時間副詞

  時間副詞通常用來表示動作的時間。常見的時間副詞有:now today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如:

  He often comes to school late.

  What are we going to do tomorrow?

  He is never been to Beijing.

  2)地點副詞

  地點副詞通常用來表示動作發(fā)生的地點。常見的地點副詞有:here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。例如:

  I met an old friend of mine on my way home.

  He went upstairs.

  Put down your name here.

  3)方式副詞

  方式副詞一般都是回答“怎樣的?”這類問題的,其中絕大部分都是由一個形容詞加詞尾-ly構成的, 有少數(shù)方式副詞不帶詞尾-ly, 它們與形容詞同形。常見的方式副詞有:anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。例如:

  The old man walked home slowly.

  Please listen to the teacher carefully.

  The birds are flying high.

  He runs very fast.

  4)程度副詞

  程度副詞多數(shù)用來修飾形容詞和副詞,有少數(shù)用來修飾動詞或介詞短語。常見的程度副詞有:much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。例如:

  Her pronunciation is very good.

  She sings quite well.

  I can hardly agree with you.

  5)疑問副詞是用來引導特殊疑問句的副詞。常見的疑問副詞有:how, when, where, why等。例如:

  How are you getting along with your studies?

  Where were you yesterday?

  Why did you do that?

  人教版初三英語知識點:冠詞和數(shù)詞

  一、冠詞的用法

  冠詞是虛詞,放在名詞之前,用來說明名詞指的人或事物。冠詞有兩種。

  A(an)叫不定冠詞,the叫定冠詞。A用在輔音之前,an用在元音之前。

  1. 不定冠詞的用法

  (1)a和an均用在單數(shù)名詞之前,表示某一類人或事物。例如:

  John is a student.

  Mary is an English teacher.

  (2)指某一類人或事物中的任何一個。例如:

  A steel worker makes steel.

  Pass me an apple, please.

  (3)指某人或某物,但不具體說明何人或和物。例如:

  A student wants to see you.

  A girl is waiting for you outside.

  (4)表示“每一”的意思,相當于every。例如:

  Take the medicine three times a day.

  They go to see their parents once a week.

  2.定冠詞用法

  (1)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。例如:

  The book on the desk is an English dictionary.

  Beijing is the capital of China.

  (2)指說話人和聽話人都熟悉的人或事物。例如:

  Open the door, please.

  Jack is in the library.

  (3)上文提到過的人或事物。例如:

  Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan.

  (4)表示世界上獨一無二的事物。例如:

  The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

  (5)用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級之前。例如:

  Shanghai is the biggest city in China.

  January is the first month of the year.

  (6)用在某些形容詞之前,表示某一類人或事物。例如:

  The nurse is kind to the sick.

  We should take good care of the old.

  (7)用在某些專有名詞之前和某些習慣用語中。例如:

  the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air等。

  (8)用在姓氏復數(shù)之前,表示“某某一家人”,“某某夫婦”。例如:

  the Browns, the whites等。

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