人教版高一英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)
高一的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)都是整個(gè)高中階段英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)，學(xué)好英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第一單元的知識(shí)點(diǎn)關(guān)系到整個(gè)學(xué)期英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的學(xué)習(xí)。以下是小編給你推薦的高一英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)，希望對(duì)你有幫助!
英語(yǔ)第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1. Choosing what to eat is no longer as easy as it once was.
我們?cè)谶x擇吃的東西方面，現(xiàn)在不像過(guò)去一樣簡(jiǎn)單了。
[問(wèn)]as在此處作何解釋?
[答]作連詞，表示比較。又如：My hometown is no longer the same as it was. 我的家鄉(xiāng)同過(guò)去不一樣了。
2. if we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life, we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat. 如果我們要跟上現(xiàn)代生活的步伐，我們最好學(xué)會(huì)正確的選擇吃什么以及怎么吃。
[問(wèn)]如何分析此句?
[答]這里if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，we had better ...是主句，what and how we eat 是賓語(yǔ)從句做about的賓語(yǔ)。keep up with 趕上，跟上，had better最好。
3. When we choose what to buy and eat, we had better think if the food will give us the nutrients we need. 當(dāng)我們選擇我們想要買(mǎi)和想要吃東西的時(shí)候，我們最好想一想這些食物是否提供了我們所需要的 營(yíng)養(yǎng)。
[問(wèn)]這個(gè)句子中有三個(gè)從句，對(duì)嗎?
[答]對(duì)。when...， 是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;if...是賓語(yǔ)從句;we need是定語(yǔ)從句。
4. Some nutrients help build our body and amke it stronger. 一些食物有助于我們?cè)鰪?qiáng)體魄。
[問(wèn)]build our body and make it stronger 一起做help的賓語(yǔ)嗎?
[答]是的。
5. Caicium, which is found in eggs, milk and other dairy products, is good for our bones and teeth.
[問(wèn)]which is found in eggs, milk and other dairy product 是定語(yǔ)從句嗎?
[答]是的。而且引導(dǎo)詞which在從句中作主語(yǔ)，代替calcium。
6. Other nutrients help keep our body functioning well. 其他的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物有助于我們的身體正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。
[問(wèn)]function在這里作動(dòng)詞嗎?
[答]是的。在這里“起作用”等的意思。
7. But the choices we make are not just about nutrion. 但是，我們做出的選擇不僅是營(yíng)養(yǎng)方面的。
[問(wèn)]we make 又是定語(yǔ)從句?
[答]是的。make choices 是“作出選擇”的意思。引導(dǎo)詞which/that 作賓語(yǔ)，可以省去。
8. Eating habits become part of who we are: people become vegetarians either because they believe it is healthier not to eat meat or because they so not think we should kill animals for food.
飲食習(xí)慣成了我們信仰中不可分割的部分;素食主義者有的認(rèn)為不吃肉身體要更健康些，有的則是不主張殺動(dòng)物為食者。
[問(wèn)]這么長(zhǎng)的句子，怎么分析?
[答]主句是：Eating habits become part of who we are. Eather..., or... 引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)because 原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
9. We also make choices based on how the products are grown or made: environmentally friendly foods, or "eco-foods", are made by companies who have tried to use green and clean ways to make the foods. 我們對(duì)產(chǎn)品的作出的選擇還決定于生產(chǎn)和加工方式，要是環(huán)保性的或者說(shuō)是生態(tài)性的食物，是廠家用綠色而又清潔的方式生產(chǎn)出來(lái)的食物。
[問(wèn)]此句是否定語(yǔ)從句中套定語(yǔ)從句。
[答]對(duì)。that are grown without chemicals 做vegetables 的定語(yǔ);that can be harmful to human beings and the environment 做chemicals 的定語(yǔ)。
11. If our diet includes foods from all the food groups, in the right amounts, we so not have to buy any supplements. 如果我們食物品種多，數(shù)量恰當(dāng)，我們就不需要買(mǎi)任何補(bǔ)給品。
[問(wèn)]請(qǐng)解釋此句中的if結(jié)構(gòu)和do not have to 相當(dāng)與need't。
12. The same goes for "crash diets" that some companies say will make us lose weight fast. 對(duì)于一些公司所宣稱(chēng)可以讓我們減肥的減肥餐也如此。
[問(wèn)]that some companies say will make us lose weight fast 起什么作用?
[答]定語(yǔ)從句。that 在從句中作主語(yǔ)代替“crash diets"。
13. Instead of eating expensive diet foods or going on unhealthy diets, we can simply try to eat less fat and sugar and exercise more. 我們不需要去吃那些昂貴的固定飲食或者不健康的飲食， 只需要少吃脂肪和糖， 多鍛煉就行了。
[問(wèn)]請(qǐng)問(wèn)intead of 介詞短語(yǔ)?
[答]instead of 是介詞短語(yǔ)， 表示“代替”的意思。
14. The best way to make sure that we will feel and look fine is to develop healthy eating habits. 保健的最好方式是養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣。
[問(wèn)]這句話(huà)的主句究竟是什么?
[答]The best way is to develop healthy eating habits 是這句話(huà)的主句 to make sure that we will feel and look fine 不定式短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)， 修飾the best way.
15. We ought to learn more about our body and the fuel it needs so that we can make sure that we are well prepared for the challenges and opportunities in life.
我們應(yīng)該更多地了解自己的身體以及我們身體所需的養(yǎng)料， 以便我們對(duì)生活中所面臨的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)有充分的準(zhǔn)備。
[問(wèn)]so that 是什么意思?
[答]so that 是“以便”的意思，常引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。
16. That means that sandwich or a salad is a good choice, but a chocolate bar or a bag of patato chips is not. 也就是說(shuō)，要選擇三明治和色拉之類(lèi)的而不是選擇巧克力和炸土豆條。
[問(wèn)]如何分析此句句子 成分?
[答]“That" 是主語(yǔ)， “mean" 是謂語(yǔ)， 后面整個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)并列從句是賓語(yǔ)，第二個(gè)從句“is not" 后省略了a good choice.
英語(yǔ)第一單元生詞詳解
1. sweet [swi:t]adj. 填的，甜味的;芳香的，新鮮的;悅耳的，動(dòng)聽(tīng)的;親切的，溫柔的，溫和的;愜意的//n. 糖果;甜食;布丁;(餐后的)一道甜食
例：The foowers sweet. 這些花聞起來(lái)香。
How sweet the music sounds! 這音樂(lè)多么美妙動(dòng)聽(tīng)!
What a sweet girl! 多么可愛(ài)的小姑娘!
Chocolates and coffees are sweets. 巧克力和咖啡豆都是糖果。
[記憶技巧]聯(lián)想記憶：表示味道的詞sour酸的;bitter苦的;salty咸的;peppery甜胡椒味的
2. French fries 炸薯?xiàng)l
例：He likes to eat French fries. 他喜歡吃炸薯?xiàng)l。
[記憶技巧]對(duì)比記憶;美式英語(yǔ)French fries; 英式英語(yǔ)potato chips.
3. mushroom [5mQFrum]n. ( 食用)蘑菇，洋菇;急速成長(zhǎng)之物;突然發(fā)跡之人，暴發(fā)戶(hù)//adj. 雨后春筍般的，急速成長(zhǎng)的//vi. 采集蘑菇;急速生長(zhǎng)(發(fā)展)
例：fried[fraid]v. fry 的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞//adj. 油煎的，油炸的
例：She has an fried egg for her breakfast. 她早餐吃了一個(gè)煎蛋。
[記憶技巧]同義詞聯(lián)想記憶：wastes 廢物;junk 廢物
[常用詞組]a junk heap 廢物堆
6. fat fAt adj. 肥大的，肥胖的//n. 脂肪;油脂，油
例：He's fat because so much. 他身體胖，因?yàn)槌缘锰嗔恕?/p>
He is getting fat. 他在發(fā)胖。
I don't like fat meat. 我不喜歡吃肥肉。
They have a lot of fat under their skin. 他們的皮膚下面有很多脂肪。
Butter and margarine are fats. 黃油和人造黃油都是脂肪。
[記憶技巧]反義詞對(duì)比記憶：fat肥大的，肥胖的;thin瘦的
[常用詞組]a fat job 好差事/a fat man 肥胖的人。
7. vitamin[5vaitEmin]n.維生素
例：Oranges contain vitamin C: 橘子含有維生素C。
8. snack [snAk] n.小吃 例如：I'm not hungry but I'd like a snack. 我并不餓，不過(guò)我倒喜歡來(lái)點(diǎn)小吃。
[記憶技巧]人身體各個(gè)部位歸納記憶：head 頭;hand 手;waist 腰
10. fever[5fi:vE]n. 發(fā)熱，發(fā)燒//(通常指)狂熱，激動(dòng)
例如：My fever is gone, but I still have a cough. 我的燒已經(jīng)退了，但還有點(diǎn)兒咳嗽。
He has a fever and a temperiture of 38.5 degree.他發(fā)燒，體溫38.5攝氏度。
I am in a fever of excitement. 我十分興奮。
11. salad [5sAlEd]n.色拉(西餐中的涼拌菜)
例如：He dislikes salad. 他不喜歡吃涼拌菜。
[記憶技巧]菜肴聯(lián)想記憶：salad; fried chicken 油煎雞肉
12. peach[pi:tF]n. 桃子
例如：Mother put the peaches in her basket. 母親把桃子放在籃子里。
There is a peach tree near the house. 那所房子附近有課桃樹(shù)。
[記憶技巧]水果類(lèi)聯(lián)想記憶：apple; banana'pear;peach 等
13. ripe[raip]adj.熟的, 成熟的
例：Autumn is a busy season, and the crops are ripe. 秋季是繁忙的季節(jié)，莊稼成熟了。
A green banana is not ripe enough to eat. 青香蕉沒(méi)成熟，不能吃。
Soon ripe, soon rotten. 早熟則早老。
[常用詞組]ripe lips 紅潤(rùn)的嘴唇/ripe beauty 成年的美女
14. ought[C:t]aux. 應(yīng)該;應(yīng)當(dāng);該會(huì);理應(yīng)
例：As a Party member, you ought to give the lead. 作為黨員，你應(yīng)該帶頭。
This word ought to be done at nice. 這項(xiàng)工作應(yīng)該馬上就做。
We ought to be hearing from them soon, then. 這么說(shuō)，我們大概不久就可以接到他們的信了。They ought to be go now, oughtn't they?他們應(yīng)該走了，對(duì)嗎?
Bruce is the fastest runner, so he ought to win the race. 布魯斯跑得最快，所以他該會(huì)贏得這場(chǎng)賽跑的。
He said he ought ot write an article about it. 他說(shuō)他該為這寫(xiě)一篇文章。
[記憶技巧]情態(tài)動(dòng)詞聯(lián)想記憶：ought to 應(yīng)該;should 應(yīng)該;must 必須;may可以;can能夠，could，might等
15. examine[i^5zAmin]vt. 檢查;細(xì)看;對(duì)...進(jìn)行考試;詢(xún)問(wèn);查問(wèn);對(duì)...進(jìn)行審查
例：All the machines will be examined. 所有機(jī)器都將被檢查一遍。
I examined the door and found that it was locked. 我檢查這個(gè)門(mén)，發(fā)現(xiàn)它上了瑣。
He examined the boys in English. 他考孩子們的英語(yǔ)。
The teacher will examine the class on everything they have learnt this year. 教師要考學(xué)生今年學(xué)過(guò)的所有知識(shí)。
He was examined by the police. 他被警察查問(wèn)。
16. soft [sCft]adj. 軟的，硬度低的;柔嫩的，光滑;(顏色)淡的，柔和的;模糊的，聽(tīng)不清;軟弱的，溫和的;不含酒精的
例：My shirt has a soft collar. 我的襯衣領(lǐng)子是軟的。
Wood is softer than stone. 木頭比石頭軟。
This cloth is made of soft silk. 這布料是用光滑的針織成的。
I was satisfied with the soft colour of the room. 我對(duì)房間的柔和顏色很滿(mǎn)意。
We felt the first soft wind of spring. 我們感到了春天的第一陣和風(fēng)。
She speaks in a soft voice. 她說(shuō)話(huà)的聲音很柔和。
Lemonade is a soft drink. 檸檬水是一種不含酒精的飲料。
[記憶技巧]聯(lián)想記憶：近義詞gentle; 反義詞hard硬的。
17. bar[bB:]n. (固定在門(mén)窗上的木質(zhì)或金屬)棒;(門(mén)、窗的)格子;(門(mén)的)橫木;柵欄。
英語(yǔ)第一單元練習(xí)題
第一組：limit, strength, fiber, mutton, slim, diet, gently, glare, energy, roast
1 He pushed against that big stone with all his _________.
2 We call the meat from a fully grown sheep _________.
3 Mary has been on a _________ for weeks but still hasn’t lost any weight.
4 The two men in the fight _________ at each other.
5 I prefer _________ chicken to stir-fried chicken(油爆雞).
6 Those players are resting on the grass to save up ________ for the next match.
7 The old man patted me on the head _________ and said, “Just keep up good work.”
8 You can make yourself thin by eating _________ foods
9 Vegetables are rich in _________.
10 There is a time _________; you must finish it in 30 minutes.
第二組：item, curiosity, packet, digestion, weakness, benefit, combine, research, balance, cucumber, customer, mushroom, sigh
11 The letter was not addressed to me but I opened it out of _________.
12 The child had a good _________, for he is hungry again 20 minutes after lunch.
13 You will _________ a lot from morning exercises.
14 The scientists are __________ into ways of improving people’s diet.
15 __________ and __________ are vegetables but not fruit.
16 “Oh, the match is lost this time. Hope we’ll have better luck next time,” she _____.
17 The waiters in the restaurant all know me-I am a regular _________.
18 Don’t be particular about food. A __________ diet is very important for health.
19 Hydrogen __________ with oxygen to form water.
20 It is very important to know your own strengths and _________.
21 The man is really a chain smoker; he smokes three _________ of cigarettes a day.
22 Please listen to that _________ of news; it has a lot to do with our job二、把下列短語(yǔ)填入每個(gè)句子的空白處(注意所填短語(yǔ)的形式變化)：
ought to throw away get away with tell lies get rid of earn one’s living in debt
1 Jack is addicted to gambling(賭博) and he is __________ to many of his friends.
2 Sometimes it takes days to __________ a cold.
3 As students we _________ devote our time to studies.
4 Never believe in those who like _________.
5 Granny Li used to _________ by selling newspapers.
6 If you do something wrong you cannot _________ it.
7 You can _________that old chair, for it is beyond repair.
答案：
一 第一組：1 strength 2 mutton 3 diet 4 glared 5 roast 6 energy 7 gently
8 slimming 9 fibre 10 limit
第二組：11 curiosity 12 digestion 13 benefit 14 researching 15 Cucumbers; mushrooms 16 sighed 17 customer 18 balanced 19 combines 20 weaknesses 21 packets 22 item
二 1 in debt 2 get rid of 3 ought to 4 to tell lies 5 earn her living 6 get away with 7 throw away
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