歷年英語四級(jí)真題解析
英語四級(jí)真題模擬練習(xí)，包括寫作、聽力、閱讀、翻譯等國家英語四級(jí)考試包含所有的題型，有利于鍛煉學(xué)生。下面是小編收集推薦的英語四級(jí)真題，僅供參考，歡迎閱讀。
2014年6月英語四級(jí)真題試卷
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。
1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder.
B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.
C) Replace the cupboard with a new one.
D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.
2. A) At Mary Johnson’s. C) In an exhibition hall.
B) At a painter’s studio. D) Outside an art gallery.
3. A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.
B) She does not quite agree with what the man said.
C) The man had better talk with the students himself.
D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.
4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture.
B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.
C) Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.
D) He was good at assembling bookshelves.
5. A) He doesn’t get on with the others. C) He has been taken for a fool.
B) He doesn’t feel at ease in the firm. D) He has found a better position.
6. A) They should finish the work as soon as possible.
B) He will continue to work in the garden himself.
C) He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.
D) They can hire a gardener to do the work.
7. A) The man has to get rid of the used furniture.
B) The man’s apartment is ready for rent.
C) The furniture is covered with lots of dust.
D) The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.
8. A) The man will give the mechanic a call.
B) The woman is waiting for a call.
C) The woman is doing some repairs.
D) The man knows the mechanic very well.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) She had a job interview to attend.
B) She was busy finishing her project.
C) She had to attend an important meeting.
D) She was in the middle of writing an essay.
10. A) Accompany her roommate to the classroom.
B) Hand in her roommate’s application form.
C) Submit her roommate’s assignment.
D) Help her roommate with her report.
11. A) Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located. C) Directions to the classroom building.
B) When Dr. Ellis leaves his office. D) Dr. Ellis’s schedule for the afternoon.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) He finds it rather stressful. C) He can handle it quite well.
B) He is thinking of quitting it. D) He has to work extra hours.
13. A) The 6:00 one. C) The 7:00 one.
B) The 6:30 one. D) The 7:30 one.
14. A) It is an awful waste of time.
B) He finds it rather unbearable.
C) The time on the train is enjoyable.
D) It is something difficult to get used to.
15. A) Reading newspapers. C) Listening to the daily news.
B) Chatting with friends. D) Planning the day’s work.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
16. A) Ignore small details while reading.
B) Read at least several chapters at one sitting.
C) Develop a habit of reading critically.
D) Get key information by reading just once or twice.
17. A) Choose one’s own system of marking.
B) Underline the key words and phrases.
C) Make as few marks as possible.
D) Highlight details in a red color.
18. A) By reading the textbooks carefully again.
B) By reviewing only the marked parts.
C) By focusing on the notes in the margins.
D) By comparing notes with their classmates.
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) The sleep a person needs varies from day to day.
B) The amount of sleep for each person is similar.
C) One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep.
D) Everybody needs some sleep for survival.
20. A) It is a made-up story. C) It is a rare exception.
B) It is beyond cure. D) It is due to an accident.
21. A) His extraordinary physical condition.
B) His mother’s injury just before his birth.
C) The unique surroundings of his living place.
D) The rest he got from sitting in a rocking chair.
Passage Three
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
22. A) She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.
B) She learned to write for financial newspapers.
C) She developed a strong interest in finance.
D) She tenderly looked after her sick mother.
23. A) She made a wise investment in real estate.
B) She sold the restaurant with a substantial profit.
C) She got 1.5 million dollars from her ex-husband.
D) She inherited a big fortune from her father.
24. A) She was extremely mean with her money.
B) She was dishonest in business dealings.
C) She frequently ill-treated her employees.
D) She abused animals including her pet dog.
25. A) She made a big fortune from wise investment.
B) She built a hospital with her mother’s money.
C) She made huge donations to charities.
D) She carried on her family’s tradition.
Section C
Direction: In the section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。
Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are (26)______ in form but different in meaning in the two cultures. For example, a Colombian who wants someone to (27)______ him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly (28)_______. Speakers or English have a similar gesture through the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the (29)______ of the Colombian gesture. Again, in Colombian, a speaker of English would have to know that when he (30)________ height he most choose between different gestures depending on whether he is (31)_______ a human being or an animal. If he keeps the palm of the hand (32)_________ the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child, for example, he will very likely be greeted by laughter, in Colombia this gesture is (33)_________ for the description of animals. In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand (34)_________ to the floor. Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also (35)________ moment. In both of the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture, physically, but its meaning differs sharply.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Many Brazilians cannot read. In 2000, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate (文盲). Many 36 do not want to. Only one literate adult in three reads books. The 37 Brazilian reads 1.8 non-academic books a year, less than half the figure in Europe and the United States. In a recent survey .of reading habits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 countries. Argentines, their neighbors, 38 18th.
The government and businesses are all struggling in different ways to change this. On March 13 the government 39 a National Plan for Books and Reading. This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things.
One discouragement to reading is that books are 40 . Most books have small print-runs, pushing up their price.
But Brazilians' indifference to books has deeper roots. Centuries of slavery meant the counties leaders long 41 education. Primary schooling became universal only in the 1990s.
All this me Brazil’s book market has the biggest growth 42 in the western world.
But reading is a difficult habit to form. Brazilians bought fewer books in 2004, 89 million, including textbooks 43 by the government, than they did in 1991. Last year the director of Brazil's national library 44 . He complained that he had half the librarians he needed and termites (白蟻） had eaten much of the 45 . That ought to be a cause for national shame.
注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。
A)average
B)collection
C)distributed
D)exhibition
E)expensive
F)launched
G)named
H)neglected
I) normal
J) particularly
K) potential
L) quit
M) ranked
N) simply
O) treasured
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The Touch-Screen Generation
A) On a chilly day last spring, a few dozen developers of children’s apps（應(yīng)用程序）for phones and tablets（平板電腦）gathered at an old beach resort in Monterey, California, to show off their games. The gathering was organized by Warren Buckleitner, a longtime reviewer of interactive children’s media. Buckleitner spent the breaks testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reach the hall's second story, while various children who had come with their parents looked up in awe（敬畏）and delight. But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around the hall like so many open boxes of candy. I walked around and talked with developers, and several quoted a famous saying of Maria Montessori’s, “The hands are the instruments of man’s intelligence.”
B) What, really, would Maria Montessori have made of this scene? The 30 or so children here were not down at the shore poking（戳）their fingers in the sand or running them along stones or picking seashells. Instead they were all inside, alone or in groups of two or three, their faces a few inches from a screen, their hands doing things Montessori surely did not imagine.
C) In 2011, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated its policy on very young children and media. In 1999, the group had discouraged television viewing for children younger than 2, citing research on brain development that showed this age group’s critical need for “direct interactions with parents and other significant care givers.” The updated report began by acknowledging that things had changed significantly since then. In 2006, 90% of parents said that their children younger than 2 consumed some form of electronic media. Nevertheless, the group took largely the same approach it did in 1999, uniformly discouraging passive media use, on any type of screen, for these kids. (For older children, the academy noted, “high-quality programs” could have “educational benefits.”) The 2011 report mentioned “smart cell phone” and “new screen” technologies, but did not address interactive apps. Nor did it bring up the possibility that has likely occurred to those 90% of American parents that some good mightcome from those little swiping（在電子產(chǎn)品上刷）fingers.
D) I had come to the developers’ conference partly because I hoped that this particular set of parents, enthusiastic as they were about interactive media, might help me out of this problem, that they might offer some guiding principle for American parents who are clearly never going to meet the academy’s ideals, and at some level do not want to. Perhaps this group would be able to express clearly some benefits of the new technology that the more cautious doctors weren’t ready to address.
E) I fell into conversation with a woman who had helped develop Montessori Letter Sounds, an app that teaches preschoolers the Montessori methods of spelling. She was a former Montessori teacher and a mother of four. I myself have three children who are all fans of the touch screen. What games did her kids like to play, I asked, hoping for suggestions I could take home.
“They don’t play all that much.”
Really? Why not?
“Because I don’t allow it. We have a rule of no screen time during the week, unless it’s clearly
educational. ”
No screen time? None at all? That seems at the outer edge of restrictive, even by the standards of
overcontrolling parents.
“On the weekends, they can play. I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop. Enough.”
F) Her answer so surprised me that I decided to ask some of the other developers who were also parents what their domestic ground rules for screen time were. One said only on airplanes and long car rides. Another said Wednesdays and weekends, for half an hour. The most permissive said half an hour a day, which was about my rule at home. At one point I sat with one of the biggest developers of e-book apps for kids, and his family. The small kid was starting to fuss in her high chair, so the mom stuck an iPad in front of her and played a short movie so everyone else could enjoy their lunch. When she saw me watching, she gave me the universal tense look of mothers who feel they are being judged. “At home,” she assured me, “I only let her watch movies in Spanish. ’’
G) By their reactions, these parents made me understand the problem of our age: as technology becomes almost everywhere in our lives. American parents are becoming more, not less, distrustful of what it might be doing to their children. Technological ability has not, for parents, translated into comfort and ease. On the one hand, parents want their children to swim expertly in the digital stream that they will have to navigate（航行）all their lives; on the other hand, they fear that too much digital media, too early, will sink them. Parents end up treating tablets as precision surgical（外科的）instruments, devices that might perform miracles for their child's IQ and help him win some great robotics competition—but only if they are used just so. Otherwise, their child could end up one of those sad, pale creatures who can’t make eye contact and has a girlfriend who lives only in the virtual world.
H) Norman Rockwell, a 20th-century artist, never painted Boy Swiping Finger on Screen, and our own vision of a perfect childhood has never been adjusted to accommodate that now-common scene. Add to that our modern fear that every parenting decision may have lasting consequences - that every minute of enrichment lost or mindless entertainment indulged（放縱的）will add up to some permanent handicap（障礙）in the future—and you have deep guilt and confusion. To date, no body of research has proved that the iPad will make your preschooler smarter or teach her to speak Chinese, or alternatively that it will rust her nervous system the device has been out for only three years, not much more than the time it takes some academics to find funding and gather research subjects. So what is a parent to do?
注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。
46. The author attended the conference, hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in the electronic age.
47. American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to their children.
48. Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.
49. The author found a former Montessori teacher exercising strict control over her kids, screen time.
50. Research shows interaction with people is key to babies’ brain development.
51. So far there has been no scientific proof of the educational benefits of iPads.
52. American parents worry that overuse of tablets will create problems with their kids’ interpersonal relationships.
53. The author expected developers of children's apps to specify the benefits of the new technology.
54. The kids at the gathering were more fascinated by the iPads than by the helicopter.
55. The author permits her children to use the screen for at most half an hour a day.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
When young women were found to make only 82 percent of what their male peers do just one year out of college, many were at a loss to explain it.
All the traditional reasons put forward to interpret the pay gap—that women fall behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids, for example, or that they don’t seek as many management roles—failed to justify this one. These young women didn’t have kids yet. And because they were just one year removed from their undergraduate degrees, few of these women yet had the chance to go after (much less decline) leadership roles.
But there are other reasons why the pay gap remains so persistent. The first is that no matter how many women may be getting college degrees, the university experience is still an unequal one. The second is that our higher education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students’ years on campus.
Now that women arc the majority of college students and surpass men in both the number of undergraduate and advanced degrees awarded, one might think the college campus is a pretty equal place. It is not. Studies show that while girls do better than boys in high school, they start to trail off during their college years. They enroll in different kinds of classes, tend to major in less rigorous（非常嚴(yán)格的）subjects, and generally head off with less ambitious plans.
As a result, it's not surprising that even the best educated young women enter the workplace with a slight disadvantage. Their college experience leaves them somewhat confused, still stumbling（栽倒）over the dilemmas their grandmothers' generation sought to destroy. Are they supposed to be pretty or smart? Strong or sexy（性感的）? All their lives, today's young women have been pushed to embrace both perfection and passion to pursue science and sports, math and theater and do it all as well as they possibly can. No wonder they are not negotiating for higher salaries as soon as they get out of school. They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing.
注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。
56. Traditionally, it is believed that women earn less than men because_________.
A) they have failed to take as many rigorous courses
B) they do not feel as fit for management roles
C) they feel obliged to take care of their kids at home
D) they do not exhibit the needed leadership qualities
57. What does the author say about America's higher education system?
A) It does not offer specific career counseling to women.
B) It does not consider its economic impact on graduates.
C) It does not take care of women students' special needs.
D) It does not encourage women to take rigorous subjects.
58. What does the author say about today's college experience?
A) It is different for male and female students.
B) It is not the same as that of earlier generations.
C) It is more exhausting than most women expect.
D) It is not so satisfying to many American students.
59. What does the author say about women students in college?
A) They have no idea how to bring out their best.
B) They drop a course when they find it too rigorous.
C) They are not as practical as men in choosing courses.
D) They don't perform as well as they did in high school.
60. How does the author explain the pay gap between men and women fresh from college?
A) Women arc too worn out to be ambitious.
B) Women are not ready to take management roles.
C) Women are caught between career and family.
D) Women are not good at negotiating salaries.
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader.
I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I sec way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities.
Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to (追求）leadership in the first place.
We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders.
Truth is, they're nothing of the sort. True leaders don't assume that it's their divine（神圣的）right to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite. A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and or the needs of the moment demand it.
Many business executives confuse leadership with action. They believe that constant motion somehow generates leadership as a byproduct. Faced with any situation that can’t be solved by the sheer force of activity, they generate a dust cloud of impatience. Their one leadership tool is volume: if they think you aren't working as hard as they think you should, their demands become increasingly louder and harsher.
True leaders understand the value of action, of course, but it isn’t their only tool. In fact, it isn’t ever their primary tool. Great leaders see more than everyone else: answers, solutions, patterns, problems, opportunities. They know it’s vitally important to do, but they also know that thinking, understanding, reflection and interpretation are equally important.
If you're too concerned with outcomes to the extent that you manipulate and intimidate others to achieve those outcomes, then you aren't leading at all, you're dictating. A true leader is someone who develops his or her team so that they can and do hit their targets and achieve their goals.
注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2 上作答。
61. What does the author think of the leaders he knows?
A) Many of them are used to taking charge.
B) Few of them are equal to their positions.
C) Many of them fail to fully develop their potential.
D) Few of them are familiar with leadership literature.
62. Why are some people eager to grab leadership positions?
A) They believe they have the natural gift to lead.
B) They believe in what leadership literature says.
C) They have proved competent in many situations.
D They derive great satisfaction from being leaders.
63. What characterizes a great leader according to the author?
A) Being able to take prompt action when chances present themselves.
B) Having a whole-hearted dedication to their divine responsibilities.
C) Having a full understanding of their own merits and weaknesses.
D) Being able to assess the situation carefully before taking charge.
64. How will many business executives respond when their command fails to generate action?
A) They reassess the situation at hand. C) They resort to any tool available.
B) They become impatient and rude. D) They blame their team members.
65. What is the author’s advice to leaders?
A) Concentrate on one specific task at a time.
B) Use different tools to achieve different goals.
C) Build up a strong team to achieve their goals.
D) Show determination when faced with tough tasks.
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中國應(yīng)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展核能，因?yàn)楹穗娔壳爸徽计淇偘l(fā)電量的2%。該比例在所有核國家中居第3 0位，幾乎是最低的。
2011年3月日本核電站事故后，中國的核能開發(fā)停了下來，中止審批新的核電站，并開展全國性的核安全險(xiǎn)查。到2012年10月，審批才又謹(jǐn)慎地恢復(fù)。
隨著技術(shù)和安全措施的改進(jìn)，發(fā)生核事故的可能性完全可以降到最低程度。換句話說，核能是可以安全開發(fā)和利用的。
部分真題參考答案(完整版)
Part Ⅰ Writing
A Tour to Mount Tai
I am delighted to learn that my foreign friend, Bill, is going to take vacation in my hometown. For the sake of his hospitality I enjoyed in England, I will show him around the landscape, among which Mount Tai unquestion-ably on the top of my list.
Centuries ago, at the summit of the mountain, Confucius exclaimed that the world was small; in modern times, everyone is bound to appreciate its spectacularity and sacredness. Mount Tai is more than a mountain; it is a place which symbolizes hope and auspiciousness, embodying profound culture. Furthermore, Mount Tai is considered to be scared to the point where almost every ancient Chinese emperor came here to make offerings to Heaven and Earth, praying for a prosperous country and a peaceful living environment.
Visiting Mount Tai is more than a mountain climbing excursion, but a hands-on engagement in ancient culture and contemporary prosperity. Thus, I assure you that you will like this wonderful experience.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
A. 短對(duì)話
1. 參考原文：
W: I can’t seem to reach the tea at the back of the cupboard.
M: Oh… Why don’t you use the ladder? You might strain your shoulder.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題考點(diǎn)：計(jì)劃或者建議。考點(diǎn)在第二個(gè)男士的提議。答案選B：Use a ladder to help her reach the tea. strain v.表示拉伸，扭傷 strain your shoulder 拉傷肩膀。
2. 參考原文：
W: Since it’s raining so hard, let’s go and see the new exhibits.
M: That’s a good idea. Mary Johnson is one of my favorite painters.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題考點(diǎn)：對(duì)話場(chǎng)景題。通過女士提到的“new exhibits”和男士提到的“favorite painters”可推出答案為D：Outside an art gallery.
3. 參考原文：
M: I hear the students gave the new teacher an unfair evaluation.
W: It depends on which student you are talking about.
Q: What does the woman imply?
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題考查語義推斷?？键c(diǎn)在第二個(gè)女士的回應(yīng)，面對(duì)男士的說法，她并沒有表示認(rèn)同，而是婉轉(zhuǎn)表達(dá)了質(zhì)疑。對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B. She does not quite agree with what the man said. “unfair evaluation”意思是“不公平的評(píng)價(jià)”。
4. 參考原文：
W: It must have taken you a long time to fix up all these book shelves.
M: It wasn’t too bad. I got Doris to do some of them.
Q: What does the man mean?
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)?？键c(diǎn)在第二個(gè)男士的話。對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C. Doris fixed up some of the book shelves.原文中男士說的 “do some of them”指的就是修理書架。
5. 參考原文：
W: Rod, I hear you’ll be leaving at the end of this month. Is it true?
M: Yeah. I’ve been offered a much better position with another firm. I’d be a fool to turn it down.
Q: Why is the man quitting his job?
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題考查因果關(guān)系。考點(diǎn)在第二個(gè)男士所解釋的原因。對(duì)應(yīng)D. He has found a better position. “position”即“職位”， “firm”即“公司”。 “quit”即“放棄，辭職”的意思。
6. 參考原文：
W: I honestly don’t want to continue the gardening tomorrow, Tony?
M: Neither do I. But I think we should get it over within this weekend.
Q: What does the man mean?
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題考查轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。考點(diǎn)在第二個(gè)男士語義轉(zhuǎn)折之后的內(nèi)容。對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A. They should finish the work as soon as possible. 選項(xiàng) “finish”同義替換原文中的 “get it over”，而 “as soon as possible”則改寫了 “within this weekend”.
7. 參考原文：
W: You’ve already furnished your apartment?
M: I found some used furniture that was dirt cheap.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)?？键c(diǎn)在第二個(gè)男士所說的話，習(xí)慣用語 “dirt cheap”就是“很便宜，白菜價(jià)”的意思。對(duì)應(yīng)答案D. The furniture the man bought is inexpensive. 其中 “inexpensive”同義改寫了“dirt cheap”。
8. 參考原文：
W: Has the mechanic called the bus repairers?
M: Not yet .I’ll let you know when he calls.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題考查語義推斷?？键c(diǎn)要結(jié)合女士的提問和男士的回答。對(duì)應(yīng)B. The woman is waiting for a call. “mechanic”指“機(jī)械工”，“bus repairers”指“公車修理師”。
B.長對(duì)話和短文
Conversation one:
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. Why couldn’t the woman’s roommate attend the Shakespearean English class that afternoon?
10. What favor is the woman going to do for her roommate?
11. What does the woman want to know at the end of the conversation?
答案：
9. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：前2句都是禮節(jié)性問答，第3句開始出現(xiàn)新人物 “Janet Holmes”, 即考點(diǎn)預(yù)警信號(hào)。關(guān)鍵信息就是女士接下來的回答：“It’s just that she submitted a job application yesterday and the company asked her in for an interview today”.對(duì)應(yīng)A選項(xiàng)：She had a job interview to attend.
10. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：前文剛剛提到“Janet Holmes”所遇到的問題(因面試不能上課交作業(yè))，接著就提到了解決這一問題的方法，關(guān)鍵聽取原文中“I’m calling to see whether it would be OK if I gave you her essay.”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C：Submit her roommate’s assignment.
11. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都以特殊疑問詞開頭的特征可以預(yù)判，本題考點(diǎn)是某人的疑問。關(guān)鍵信息是女士在最后所提到的問題：“And Dr. Ellis, one more thing, could you tell me where your office is?”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A. Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located.
【綜合點(diǎn)評(píng)】：本題完全符合長對(duì)話 “問答結(jié)構(gòu)”的慣有出題套路，分別針對(duì)problem和solution進(jìn)行提問，而且并沒有出現(xiàn)逆序出題現(xiàn)象為難考生，整體難度一般。
Conversation 2:
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. What does the man say about his job?
13. Which train does the man take to work every day?
14. How does the man feel about commuting to work every day now?
15. How does the man spend his time on the morning train?
答案：
12.點(diǎn)評(píng)：第一題完全符合“前3句出考點(diǎn)”的套路，考點(diǎn)信息出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號(hào)詞 “But”之后：“But it’s bearable now that I’ m used to it”。 bearable 表示可以忍受的，be used to 表示為習(xí)慣做某事。對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C：He can handle it quite well.
13. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題考查時(shí)間細(xì)節(jié)，所聽即所選。關(guān)鍵信息是“It was terrible at first, especially getting up before dawn to catch that 6:30 train” 對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B：The 6:30 train.
14. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題考點(diǎn)再次出現(xiàn)在明顯信號(hào)詞But之后：“But now I quite enjoy it.”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C：The time on the train is enjoyable
15. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：長對(duì)話最后一題往往對(duì)應(yīng)整個(gè)對(duì)話的結(jié)尾部分。女士最后問男士在車上如何消磨時(shí)光，男士的回答則是考點(diǎn)信息：“In the morning, I just sit in comfort and read the papers to catch up with the news.”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A：Reading newspapers.
【綜合點(diǎn)評(píng)】：本題完全符合順序出題原則，有2道題的答案更是直接出現(xiàn)在信號(hào)詞But之后，答案直來直往基本不需要進(jìn)行推斷，出題思路中規(guī)中矩，整體難度一般。
Passage One
16. What should American college students do to cope with their heavy reading assignments?
17. What suggestion does the speaker give about marking a textbook?
18. How should students prepare for an exam according to the speaker?
答案：
16. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：根據(jù)短文理解“前3句出考點(diǎn)”原則，如果本文前1、2句的因果關(guān)系沒有成為考點(diǎn)，考點(diǎn)則順延到第3句和第4句，關(guān)鍵信息為“They need to extract as much information as possible from the first or second reading.”extract表示提取、選取， 對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D：Get key information by reading just once or twice.
17. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：從第二段開始，marking skill被反復(fù)提到，無疑是重要考點(diǎn)。就做標(biāo)記的技巧，作者一共提了3個(gè)建議，其中 “Third, decide on your own system for marking”幾乎完整地被選項(xiàng)A照搬下來：Choose one's own system of marking.根據(jù)所聽基本即所選原則，答案就是A。
18. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：最后一題考察了轉(zhuǎn)折結(jié)構(gòu)，考點(diǎn)信息出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號(hào)詞 ‘Instead”之后：“Instead, you just need to review your marks and you can save a lot of time.”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B：By reviewing only the marked parts.
Passage Two
19. What is taken for granted by most people?
20. What do doctors think of Al Herpin's case?
21. What could have accounted for Al Herpin's sleeplessness?
答案：
19. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：答案出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號(hào)詞 “But”之后，即：“But everyone needs some rest to stay alive.”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D：Everybody needs some sleep for survival.
20. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：答案出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號(hào)詞 “But”之后，即：“But a man named Al Herpin turned out to be a rare exception”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C：It is a rare exception. rare表示稀有的，少見的。
21. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：根據(jù)順序出題原則，本題對(duì)應(yīng)文章結(jié)尾部分。文章最后提到醫(yī)生對(duì)Al Herpin不用睡覺感到困惑，緊接著就解釋了原因。 “clue”(表示線索)是本題的考點(diǎn)信號(hào)詞，隨后就是考點(diǎn)信息:“He remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he had been born.” 對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B：His mother's injury just before his birth.
22. What do we learn about Hetty Green as a child?
23. How did Hetty Green become rich overnight?
24. Why was Hetty Green much hated?
25. What do we learn about Hetty's daughter?
答案：
22. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題略有難度?？键c(diǎn)即沒有出現(xiàn)在前3句話，也沒有出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號(hào)詞之后，但是只要提前劃記好了本題關(guān)鍵詞，根據(jù)“所聽基本即所選”原則還是可以找到答案C：She developed a strong interest in finance. 該選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)原文信息 “At the age of six she started reading the daily financial newspapers and opened her own bank account.”
23. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題略有難度?？键c(diǎn)緊跟在上一題考點(diǎn)句之后，即 “Her father died when she was 21 and she inherited 7.5 million dollars.”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D. She inherited a big fortune from her father.
24. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題難度較大。錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)中的細(xì)節(jié)有較強(qiáng)干擾性，但如果考生對(duì)最后一段的整體結(jié)構(gòu)有所把握，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在第一句提到了Hetty的 “meanness”(吝嗇，小氣) 之后，后文 “always argued about prices” “buy broken biscuits” “refused to pay for a doctor”這些細(xì)節(jié)都屬于次要信息，是對(duì)“meanness”的例證。對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A. She was extremely mean with her money.
25. 點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題考點(diǎn)就是本文最后一句話 “her daughter built a hospital with her money”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B. She built a hospital with her mother's money.
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section A
選詞填空
題目一：
本文選自2006年5月16日的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人
http://www.economist.com/node/5636369
參考原文
A nation of non-readers: A strange and costly disregard for books
MANY Brazilians cannot read. In 2000, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate. Many simply do not want to. Only one literate adult in three reads books. The averageBrazilian reads 1.8 non-academic books a year—less than half the figure in Europe and the United States. In a recent survey of reading habits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 countries, spending 5.2 hours a week with a book. Argentines, their neighbours, ranked 18th.
In rare accord, government, businesses and NGOs are all striving in different ways to change this. On March 13th the government launched a National Plan for Books and Reading. This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things. The Brazil Reader Institute, an NGO, brings books to people: it has installed lending libraries in two S?o Paulo metro stations, and is planning one in a Carnival samba school. It is starting to be common to see characters in television soap operas shown reading. Cynics note that Globo, the biggest broadcaster, is also a big publisher of books, newspapers and magazines.
One discouragement to reading is that books are expensive. At S?o Paulo's book fair this week, “O Código Da Vinci” was on sale for 32 reais—more than a tenth of the official minimum monthly wage. Most other books have small print-runs, pushing up their price.
But Brazilians' indifference to books has deeper roots. Centuries of slavery meant the country's leaders long neglected education. Primary schooling became universal only in the 1990s. Radio was ubiquitous by the 1930s; libraries and bookshops have still not caught up. “The electronic experience came before the written experience,” says Marino Lobello, of the Brazilian Chamber of Books, an industry body.
All this means that Brazil's book market has the biggest growth potential in the western world, reckons Mr Lobello. That notion has attracted foreign publishers, such as Spain's Prisa-Santillana, which bought a local house last year. American evangelical publishers are eyeing the market for religious books, which outsell fiction in Brazil.
But reading is a difficult habit to form. Brazilians bought fewer books in 2004—289m, including textbooks distributed by the government—than they did in 1991. Last year the director of Brazil's national library quit after a controversial tenure. He complained that he had half the librarians he needed and termites had eaten much of the collection. Along with crime and high interest rates, that ought to be a cause for national shame.
答案及解析
36. N. simply
本空所在句不缺其它成分，該空應(yīng)為副詞。備選副詞J) particularly(專門地、特別地)與N) simply(簡(jiǎn)單地、僅僅)中，simply符合句意“許多人僅僅是不想學(xué)著識(shí)字?！?/p>
37. A. average
本空修飾名詞Brazilian，需要形容詞。備選形容詞A) average(平均的、普通的)E) expensive(昂貴的)K) potential(潛在的)中，average符合句意“普通的巴西人每年讀1.8本非學(xué)術(shù)書目”。且reads 1.8 non-academic books a year也在提示這里是在描述平均值。
38. M. ranked
本空是該句謂語，缺動(dòng)詞。且與前句并列，而前句用的過去式，因此本空需動(dòng)詞過去式。備選的有C) distributed(分發(fā)、散布)、F) launched(發(fā)射、發(fā)動(dòng))、G) named(取名、提名)、H) neglected(忽視)、L) quit(退出、辭職)、M) ranked(排名)和O) treasured(珍惜)。能與空后的18th構(gòu)成合理搭配的只有ranked，表示“排在第18位”。另外前句描述的也是巴西的排名。
39. F. launched
本空是該句謂語，缺動(dòng)詞。由于描述的是過去的日子，需要過去式。備選的有C) distributed(分發(fā)、散布)、F) launched(發(fā)射、發(fā)動(dòng))、G) named(取名、提名)、H) neglected(忽視)、L) quit(退出、辭職)和O) treasured(珍惜)。本空后的專有概念National Plan for Books and Reading明顯是個(gè)活動(dòng)或計(jì)劃之類，能與之構(gòu)成合理搭配的只有l(wèi)aunched，表示“發(fā)起了此計(jì)劃”。
40. E. expensive
本空做表語，主語是books，形容詞、動(dòng)詞分詞可能性較大。注意到后句提到push up their price，因此這里描述的應(yīng)該是書的價(jià)格，expensive符合話題。
41. H. neglected
本空是所在從句的謂語，且描述的是過去、主句也為過去式，因此這里需要過去式。備選的有C) distributed(分發(fā)、散布)、G) named(取名、提名)、H) neglected(忽視)和L) quit(退出、辭職)O) treasured(珍惜)。注意前句引出的話題是巴西對(duì)書籍的漠視，本句提到的也是巴西長期奴隸制的影響，因此本空應(yīng)選擇neglected，表示巴西“長期忽視教育”。distributed意思不合理，treasured則與這里想表示的意思相反。
42. K. potential
本空一種可能是副詞，但備選副詞只剩particularly，而其意思在這里并不合適，這里也沒有構(gòu)成其所表示的遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的條件。因此只能考慮本空另一種可能：名詞。備選的有B) collection(收集)、D) exhibition(展覽)和K) potential(潛力)。potential是唯一意思合理的，表示巴西的圖市場(chǎng)“有著最大的增長潛力”。
43. C. distributed
本空位于名詞后，應(yīng)為后置定語，需要?jiǎng)釉~分詞;by提示了這里需要過去分詞。備選的有C) distributed(分發(fā)、散布)、G) named(取名、提名)和L) quit(退出、辭職)O) treasured(珍惜)。這里意思合理的只有distributed，表示“被政府分發(fā)的書籍”。
44. L. quit
本空是該句謂語，其描述的是過去，需要過去式，備選的有G) named(取名、提名)、L) quit(退出、辭職)、和O) treasured(珍惜)。同時(shí)該空后無賓語，因此必須是不及物動(dòng)詞，符合此要求的只有quit，表示國家圖書館負(fù)責(zé)人辭職。
45. B. collection
空前的定冠詞提示本空需要名詞，備選的有B) collection(收集)和D) exhibition(展覽)。這里意思較合理的是collection，它可以表示圖書館的館藏書籍。意思是“白蟻吃掉了大部分館藏書籍”。
Section B
46. D
47. G
48. A
49. E
50. C
51. H
52. G
53. D
54. A
55. F
Section C
56. C
57. B
58. A
59. D
60. A
61. B
62. A
63. D
64. B
65. C
Part IV Translation
China should further develop nuclear energy because currently，nuclear power accounts for only 2% of its total generating capacity . Such proportion ranks the thirtieth in all the countries possessing nuclear power, which is almost the last.
After Japan’s nuclear power accident in March 2011, nuclear power development in China was suspended, so was the approval of new nuclear power plants. Also, the national safety check for the nuclear power was carried out. IT was not until October 2012 that the approval was prudently resumed.
With the improvement of technology and safety measures, there is little possibility for nuclear accidents to happen. In other words, there won’t be any trouble to develop and exploit the nuclear power.
這篇略難，恭喜人品。第一二句，注意邏輯;第三句，注意“排”這個(gè)字要用主動(dòng);
第二段主要注意時(shí)態(tài)：過去時(shí)。
最后一段，伴隨狀語和句子間的邏輯。
詳解：
第一句，考察詞匯 進(jìn)一步，占據(jù)，以及句子邏輯關(guān)系的判斷。
第二句注意使用非限制性定語從句。
第三句話是全文最長的一句話，注意幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的合并(so was B以及用邏輯詞);考察詞匯 停止，開展。
第四句，考察“直到。。。才”(not until)句型。
第五句，簡(jiǎn)單句，無難度，考察with表伴隨。
最后一句，簡(jiǎn)單句，考察短語換句話說, 以及詞匯開發(fā)利用。
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