人教版八年級下冊英語第八單元小結(jié)
有知識不等于有智慧，知識積存得再多，若沒有智慧加以應(yīng)用，知識就失去了價值。了解你自己在做什么事，知道熱愛做什么樣的事，知道能把什么事做成什么樣，這就是智慧。下面給大家分享一些關(guān)于人教版八年級下冊英語第八單元小結(jié)，希望對大家有所幫助。
人教版八年級下冊英語第八單元1
【語法講解】
現(xiàn)在完成時 (Present Perfect Tense)
(1)表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。
—It’s so dark. 太黑了。
—Someone has turned off the light. 有人把燈關(guān)上了。
(2)表示從過去某一時間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。
常與since+過去的時間點(diǎn)，for+一段時間，since+時間段+ego, so far等時間狀語連用。
Eg. I have lived here for ten years.我已經(jīng)住在這里10年了。(從10年前開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還住這兒)
Eg. I have lived here since 2003. 自從2003年我就住在這兒。(從2003年開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還住這兒)
(3) 基本結(jié)構(gòu)及句型轉(zhuǎn)換：主語+have/has+過去分詞(done) (當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)has,其余人稱用have。)
①肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他 I have finished my homework. (肯定句)
②否定句：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他 I have not finished my homework. (否定句)
③一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他
—Have you finished your homework?
—Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t, (一般疑問句及肯定、否定回答)
(4)has gone (to), has been (to), has been (in) 的區(qū)別
? Have/Has gone(to) :去了(現(xiàn)在不在說話現(xiàn)場)
Eg. ---Where is your father?
---He has gone to Shanghai.
? Have/Has been (to) :去過(已不在去過的地方)
Eg. My father has been to Shanghai.
? Have/has been in：呆了多久(還在所呆的地方)
Eg. My father has been in Shanghai for two months. =My father has been in Shanghai since two months ago.
(5)現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志：
①常與just, already, yet, ever, never, before, so far 等連用，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的完成，不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的持續(xù)。
Have you ever been to Japan? I have just finished my homework.
②for + 時間段;since + 過去的時間點(diǎn);since + 段時間 ago;since + 一般過去時的句子。
They have known each other for five years. Since he was a child, he has lived in England.
(6)動詞過去式和過去分詞的變化
規(guī)則變化： 1. 一般在動詞詞尾直接加ed。如：pick → picked → picked; wish → wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed
2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞后面加d。如：like → liked → liked; hope → hoped → hoped; phone → phoned → phoned
3. 以―輔音字母 + y‖結(jié)尾的動詞，變y為i，再加-ed。如：study → studied → studied; hurry → hurried → hurried; reply → replied → replied
4. 詞尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，要雙寫輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stop → stopped → stopped; clap → clapped → clapped
不規(guī)則變化：
5. 以不變應(yīng)萬變。如：let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read
6. 若中間有雙寫e，則去掉一個e，單詞末尾再加t。如：
feel → felt → felt; keep → kept → kept; sleep → slept → slept
7. 結(jié)尾的字母d變t。如：lend → lent → lent; build → built → built; send → sent → sent
8. 變?yōu)橐?ought或-aught結(jié)尾。如：buy → bought → bought;
bring → brought → brought; catch → caught → caught; teach → taught → taught
人教版八年級下冊英語第八單元2
【話題寫作】
請你根據(jù)下表中所提供的信息以“Learn to express thanks”為題，用英語寫一篇演講稿。
背 景
1.認(rèn)為上中學(xué)時吃好穿好是應(yīng)該的;
2.走向社會后沒有感恩意識。
學(xué)會感恩
1.感謝社會提供良好的教育機(jī)會;
2.感謝父母供養(yǎng)自己上學(xué);
3.感謝老師傳授知識;
4.感謝朋友的鼓勵與幫助。
參考詞匯：enter society 進(jìn)入社會， sense of thanks 感恩意識， behavior 行為
要求：
1.短文應(yīng)包括所提供的所有內(nèi)容，可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡單翻譯;
2.演講稿中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、地名及能夠透露你個人身份的信息;
3.詞數(shù)：80詞左右。開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
參考范文：
Good morning, boys and girls!
The topic of my speech today is “Learn to express thanks”. We find some students want to eat well and wear fashionable clothes at school. When they leave school and enter society, they don’t know how to show any sense of thanks.
I think this behavior is not correct. As students, we should learn to express thanks. The society offers us a chance to receive good education. And our parents also support us to go to school. Our teachers teach us much knowledge, so we should thank them. We should also thank our friends because they can always give us courage and help.
In the future, we should never forget our society, parents, teachers and friends. At present, we should study harder to make our world more beautiful. Thank you for your listening!
人教版八年級下冊英語第八單元3
重點(diǎn)句型解析
1. As soon as the man finish talking, Yu Gong said that his family…
as soon as意為“一……就……”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。例如：
Please call back as soon as you arrive home.
請你一到家，就給我回電。
I’ll write to you as soon as I get there.
我一到那兒就給你寫信。
As soon as I went in, Katherine cried out with pleasure.
我一進(jìn)門，Katherine 就高興的叫起來。
【拓展】as soon as 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句前后時態(tài)搭配：
(1) 主句為一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。例如：
He will come to my home as soon as he gets to Beijing.
他一到北京就來我家。
(2) 主句為一般過去時，從句也用一般過去時。例如：
He took out his English book as soon as he sat down.
他一坐下，就拿出他的英語書。
2. Finally, a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent two gods to take the mountains away.
so…that…引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，意為“如此……以至于……”，此句型中，so是副詞，常用來修飾形容詞或副詞。常用句型為：主語+謂語+ so+ adj./adv. + that從句。例如：
Our teacher is so kind that all of us like him.
我們的老師是如此好心以至于我們都喜歡他。
He runs so fast that nobody in my class can catch up with him.
他跑得那么快，我們班沒有人能追上他。
【拓展】“如此……以至于……”歸納：
(1) so + 形容詞 + a/an + 單數(shù)名詞 + that從句 = such + a/an + 形容詞 + 單數(shù)名詞+ that從句。例如：
It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic. = It was such a fine day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic.
昨天天氣很好，我們都出去野餐了。
(2) such + 形容詞 + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞 + that從句。例如：
They are such good students that the teacher likes them.
他們都是很好的學(xué)生，老師喜歡他們。
It was such fine weather yesterday that we went swimming.
昨天天氣很好，我們?nèi)ビ斡玖恕?/p>
(3)當(dāng)that前的名詞有表示數(shù)量多少的many, much, few, little等修飾時，只能用so，不能用such。例如：
There was so much noise outside that we couldn’t hear the teacher.
外面嘈雜聲很大，以致我們不能聽到老師的話。
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.
他跌了這么多的跤，以致全身青一塊、紫一塊的。
3. It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain.
seem此處作連系動詞，意為“似乎;好像”，后跟形容詞作表語?？梢院蛃eem to be相互轉(zhuǎn)換。例如：
He seems very angry. = He seems to be very angry.
他好像非常生氣。
【拓展】
(1) “主語 + seem + (to be) +表語”，表語多為名詞或形容詞，以說明主語的特征或狀態(tài)。例如：
Tom seems (to be) a very clever boy. Tom
看上去是一個非常聰明的男孩。
Mr. Black seemed to be quite happy.
Black先生好像十分快樂。
(2) “主語 + seem + 不定式”，此句型中，seem與不定式一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。例如：
Mrs. Green doesn’t seem to like the idea.
格林夫人似乎不太喜歡這個主意。
The children seemed to be eating something in the room.
孩子們好像正在房間里吃東西呢。
(3) “It seems + that從句”，其中it是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)主語從句。例如：
It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.
似乎沒有人知道在公園里發(fā)生了什么事。
It seems to me that Mr. Brown will not come again.
在我看來布朗先生不會再來了。
(4) “There + seem to be + 名詞”，to be可省略，seem的單復(fù)數(shù)要由后面的名詞決定。例如：
There doesn’t seem to be much hope of our beating that team.
看來我們戰(zhàn)勝那個隊(duì)沒有多大希望。
There seems no need to wait longer. 看來沒有再等的必要了。
4. ...what’s possible unless you try to make it happen.
unless是連詞，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“除非……;如果不……;除了……”，常引導(dǎo)一個否定意義的真實(shí)條件句，有時也可引導(dǎo)非真實(shí)條件句。unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。主要用于下列情況：
(1) 主句為肯定句：
You will miss the bus unless you hurry up.
你要不快點(diǎn)就會錯過班車。
You’ll fail in chemistry again unless you work harder.
如果你不再加把勁，你化學(xué)考試還會不及格。
(2) 主句為否定句：
One can’t learn a foreign language unless he studies hard.
不下苦功夫是學(xué)不好外語的。
I will not go unless I hear from him.
如果我不收到他的來信，我就不去。
【拓展】unless與if…not的辨析
5. Did you hear our stepmother planning to kill us?
hear sb. doing sth.表示“聽到某人正在做某事(正在進(jìn)行)”。例如：
I heard him singing when I walked past the shop.
昨天我路過商店時，聽見他正在唱歌。
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