高二英語(yǔ)課本基礎(chǔ)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
高二學(xué)生平時(shí)要養(yǎng)成書寫規(guī)范的習(xí)慣,對(duì)大小寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和詞距等一定要一絲不茍,力求規(guī)范化、整齊美觀。這樣才能有高分,以下是小編給大家整理的高二英語(yǔ)課本基礎(chǔ)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納,希望能助你一臂之力!
高二英語(yǔ)課本基礎(chǔ)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納1
1. consist of = be made up of 由……組成 (沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí))
e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
=Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK.
2. 區(qū)別:
? separate ... from (把聯(lián)合在一起或靠近的人或物分離出來(lái))
? divide...into 把…分開 (把整體分為若干部分)
e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups.
The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian.
3. debate about sth.
e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days.
debate /argue/ quarrel
4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清;闡明;清楚;明了
e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation.
Can you clarify the question?
5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 連接
【習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)】★ link A to B 將A和B連接起來(lái)
6. refer to
1)提及,指的是……
e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us?
2) 參考;查閱;詢問(wèn)
e.g. If you don't understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.
Please refer to the last page of the book for answers.
3) 關(guān)系到;關(guān)乎
e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you.
This rule refers to everyone.
reference: n. 參考 e.g. reference books 參考書
7. to one's surprise (prep)
“to one's + 名詞” 表 “令某人……”
常見(jiàn)的名詞有 “delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等
e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.
To John's great relief they reached the house at last.
8. ... found themselves united peacefully
“find +賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介詞短語(yǔ);不定式)”
e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.
You'll find him easy to get along with.
They found themselves trapped by the bush fire.
When I woke up, I found myself in hospital.
I called on him yesterday, but I found him out.
9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做…….
e.g. I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come.
get + n. + to do
get + n. + doing
You'll get her to agree.
I'll get the car going.
get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然發(fā)生,意為“被…….”
e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street.
10. break away (from sb / sth) 脫離;破除…
e.g. It is not easy for him to break away from bad habits.
The man broke away from his guards.
break down (會(huì)談)破裂,失敗;(汽車等)出故障;(人的健康狀況)變得惡劣;(情感)失控
e.g. His car broke down on the way to work this morning.
His health broke down under the pressure of work.
He broke down and wept when he heard the news.
Talks between the two countries have completely broken down.
? break in 闖入;打岔
? break off 中斷,折斷
? break into 闖入
? break out 爆發(fā);發(fā)生
? break up 驅(qū)散;分散,拆散
11. as well as 不僅…而且;既…又…
e.g. He is a teacher as well as a writer.
The children as well as their father were seen playing football in the street.
12. convenience: n.方便;便利(convenient: adj. )
e.g. We bought this house for its convenience.
13. attraction: (attract: v.)
1). 吸引;引力(不可數(shù) n.) e.g. attraction of gravitation 重力
2). 吸引人的東西;喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的東西;精彩節(jié)目(可數(shù) n.)
He can't resist the attraction of the sea on a hot day.
A big city offers many and varied attractions.
What are the principle attractions this evening?
14. influence
1) v. 對(duì)…產(chǎn)生影響 e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching?
2)可數(shù)n. 產(chǎn)生影響的人或事 e.g. He is one of the good influences in the school.
3) (不可數(shù)n.) 影響 e.g. A teacher has great influence over his pupils.
高二英語(yǔ)課本基礎(chǔ)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納2
1.基礎(chǔ)梳理
point upset ignore calm down cheat list share a series of crazy purpose dare thunder entire(~ly) trust according to power suffer recover suitcase situation disagree be concerned about walk the dog set down face to face be/get tired of get along with fall in love make a list communicate with
2.詞語(yǔ)歸納
1)add vt/vi加;添加;增添
add up合計(jì) 加起來(lái),但在口語(yǔ)中有時(shí)用于否定句,表示“莫名其妙,不說(shuō)明問(wèn)題”。
add up to 總計(jì)共達(dá),所有一切都說(shuō)明,總而言之。
add sth(to sth)把……加到……里去。
add to 增加,擴(kuò)建。
add 表示“繼續(xù)說(shuō),補(bǔ)充說(shuō)”。
區(qū)別add和increase
add意思是“加,增加”,強(qiáng)調(diào)添加?;蛘弑硎緦?shù)字加起來(lái)求和。
increase“增加”,表示在數(shù)量,產(chǎn)量,尺寸,程度等方面的增加。
2)cheat v 欺騙;作弊 n 騙子;作弊者;騙人的事
cheat sb of sth cheat sth out of sb 從某人處欺詐某物
cheat on/at/in 作弊,欺詐
3)list v 將事物列于表上;編事物的目錄 n 名單;目錄;一覽表
make a list of 造表,列……表
take…off the list 從表上去掉……
stand first on the list 居首位,列前茅
as listed above 如上所列
3)share
share in 分享,分擔(dān),共用
share sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物
share out 分配,分發(fā);得到股息,升股息
share(n.)in/of 一分,部分
4)trust vi/vt 信任,信賴;依賴
trust in 相信,信任,信仰
trust to 依靠(運(yùn)氣等),依賴
trust that… 希望,想
5)suffer vt/vi 遭受,受到,蒙受;受痛苦,受折磨,受懲罰,受損傷
suffer from 受……傷害;患……病痛
注意:suffer 和 suffer from 都不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
6)calm vt/vi/adj. 使平靜;使鎮(zhèn)定。平靜的,鎮(zhèn)靜的,沉著的。
calm down 平靜下來(lái),鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)
quite指人對(duì)外界事物感觸的安靜。對(duì)人時(shí),側(cè)重不激動(dòng),平靜溫和,不發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。
still指完全沒(méi)有聲音或者沒(méi)有動(dòng)靜,突然靜止不動(dòng)。
silent主要指人不愛(ài)說(shuō)話,沉默不語(yǔ)。
7)concern
be concerned about 擔(dān)心,關(guān)心
as/so far as…be concerned 關(guān)于,至于,就某人而言
have no concern for 毫不關(guān)心
concern oneself in/with/about sth 忙于,從事;關(guān)心,關(guān)切
have a concern in 和……有厲害關(guān)系
be concerned in/with 參與,與……有關(guān)
8)separate v/adj 分開,和……分手;單獨(dú)的,分開的,不同的
separate…from 使……和……分離
9)reason
lose one’s reason 失去理智,發(fā)狂
by reason of 由于
bring sb to reason 說(shuō)服某人理智些
within reason 合理
without reason 不合理
listen to reason 聽從道理
reason sb into/out of sth 以理說(shuō)服某人做/不做某事
10)power
beyond /out of one’s power 力所不及的,不能勝任的
=not within one’s power
in power 當(dāng)權(quán)的,握有政權(quán)的
come into power掌權(quán),得勢(shì)
11)habit
form / make a habit of doing=make it a habit to do sth 養(yǎng)成做某事的習(xí)慣
be in the habit of 有……的習(xí)慣
fall/get into a habit of 沾染(養(yǎng)成)……習(xí)慣
break(off)a habit=get out a habit 戒除一種習(xí)慣
form good habits 養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)
out of habit 出于習(xí)慣
12)according to為介詞短語(yǔ),后跟名詞,代詞,不能很從句,表示“根據(jù);按照;試……而定”。
according to其后引出的信息應(yīng)來(lái)自別人或者別處,不能來(lái)自說(shuō)話者自己。
according to其后不能跟opinion,view等名詞。
according as 相當(dāng)于連詞,后跟從句,意為“正像,根據(jù),按照,如果”。
13)join in
區(qū)別join;join in;take part in;attend
join 參加某個(gè)組織或者團(tuán)體(黨派,軍隊(duì)等),并且成為其中的一員。
join in 參加正在進(jìn)行著的活動(dòng),如游戲,討論,辯論,談話等。
take part in 參加會(huì)議或者群眾性的活動(dòng),并且在其中法會(huì)一定的作用。
attend 參加會(huì)議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、上課、上學(xué)、聽報(bào)告等。重在強(qiáng)調(diào)“參與”的動(dòng)作,不強(qiáng)調(diào)參加者的作用。
14)dare
作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞有人稱和數(shù)的變化,也有時(shí)態(tài)的變化;作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,用于否定句,疑問(wèn)句和條件句中,有時(shí)態(tài)的變化,但是沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。
①在肯定據(jù)中的dare,dares,dared之后,不定式一遍加to。
②在否定句中和疑問(wèn)句中的dare之后,不定時(shí)一般不加to。
③在用do或者does構(gòu)成的否定句和疑問(wèn)句中,理論上雖然應(yīng)該有to,實(shí)際使用卻經(jīng)常把to省略。
I dare say…我敢打賭說(shuō)……
15)go through 經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)受;通過(guò)考試;經(jīng)過(guò);審閱;檢查
go with 伴隨,與……協(xié)調(diào) go up 上升;建起;上漲 go over檢查,審查;復(fù)習(xí),重溫
go out 熄滅;公布;播出 go ahead 進(jìn)行,進(jìn)展;(with)贊同 go into從事,參加(某一行業(yè));調(diào)查
16)get along with 同……相處;進(jìn)展
get away 離開;逃避 get back 回來(lái);拿回 get down 拿下;寫下 get in 進(jìn)入;收獲
get down to 開始認(rèn)真做…… get on/off 上/下車 get over 克服;戰(zhàn)勝 get across 被理解
get through 完成;通過(guò);接通電話 get up 起床 get it 明白,理解;猜中
17)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),也可以叫做獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),在格式上沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,在句中常作狀語(yǔ),表示伴隨,原因,方式,條件等。
①with+名詞+介詞短語(yǔ)。在句中作狀語(yǔ),作后置定語(yǔ)。
②with+名詞/代詞+過(guò)去分詞。其中過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)或者完成了的動(dòng)作。
③with+名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞。其中現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)或者正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
④with+名詞/代詞+不定式。其中不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
⑤with+名詞/代詞+形容詞。
18)no longer=not…any longer 表示不再繼續(xù)或者再現(xiàn)過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生或存在而一直延續(xù)的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài)時(shí),常用于過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在時(shí)或者將來(lái)時(shí)的句子中。
no more=not…any more 表示再也不重復(fù)過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí),常用于過(guò)去時(shí)或者將來(lái)時(shí)的句子中。
When he saw the toy,the baby cried no longer.當(dāng)看到玩具時(shí),那嬰兒不再哭了。
Now she wasn’t afraid any more..現(xiàn)在她再也不害怕了。
19)①settle down to 決心去做……,專心去做…… settle on/upon 決定……,選定……
②have trouble with 使傷腦筋,苦惱;跟某人鬧別扭
ask for trouble 自討苦吃 be in trouble 在困境中,有糾紛 get sb into trouble 陷入困境
make trouble 惹麻煩 put sb to trouble 麻煩某人 take the trouble to do 費(fèi)力做
3.語(yǔ)法
直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)(注意:變化時(shí)句子一定為陳述句語(yǔ)序。)
人稱的變化
①直接引語(yǔ)中主語(yǔ)第一人稱或者被第一人稱所修飾,人稱要與“講話人”的人稱一致。
②直接引語(yǔ)的第二人稱,或者被第二人稱所修飾,人稱要與“聽話人”的人稱一致。
③直接引語(yǔ)中的第三人稱不變化。
“一隨主,二隨賓,第三人稱不更改”。
二、時(shí)態(tài)的變化
直接引語(yǔ)——間接引語(yǔ)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)——一般過(guò)去時(shí)
一般過(guò)去時(shí)——過(guò)去完成時(shí)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)——過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)——過(guò)去完成時(shí)
過(guò)去完成時(shí)——過(guò)去完成時(shí)
一般將來(lái)時(shí)——過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)
時(shí)態(tài)不變化的情況:
①直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理。
②直接引語(yǔ)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變。
③直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過(guò)去某年、某月、某日作狀語(yǔ),變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變。
④直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,變間接引語(yǔ),時(shí)態(tài)不變。⑤如果直接引語(yǔ)中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有過(guò)去時(shí)的形式(例:ought to, had better, used to)和已經(jīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)的形式時(shí),(例:could, should, would, might)不再變。
高二英語(yǔ)課本基礎(chǔ)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納3
重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
1. defend against保衛(wèi)…以免受
2.intruduce sb tosb 向某人介紹某人
3.kiss sb on somepart親吻某人的某個(gè)部位
4.in defence 防御,保障
5.together with 與某人一起
6.be likely to 很可能…;有希望…
7.reach one’s hand out to sth 把手伸出來(lái)取某物
8.on the contrary 相反
9.nod at sb 向某人點(diǎn)頭
10.greet sbwith/by 通過(guò)…向某人問(wèn)候
11.express one’s feelings表達(dá)某人的感情
12. in general 總的來(lái)說(shuō);通常
13.at a job fair 在求職會(huì)上
14.be nervousabout 對(duì)…感到緊張
15. at ease 舒適;快活;自由自在
16. lose face丟臉
17.turn one’s back to 背對(duì);背棄
18.turn one’s head away 把頭轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去
19.be willing to 渴望…. , 愿意….
20. look upsetabout sth 對(duì).. 感到沮喪
重點(diǎn)句型
1. I saw several young people enter thewaiting area looking around curiously.
我看見(jiàn)幾個(gè)年輕人走進(jìn)了等候區(qū),好奇地向四周張望。
2. The firstperson to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smithfrom Britain.第一個(gè)到達(dá)的是從哥倫比亞來(lái)的托尼?加西亞,隨后緊跟著的是英國(guó)的茱莉亞?史密斯。
3. She steppedback appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defense.
她后退了幾步,看上去有些吃驚,并舉起了手,好像是在自衛(wèi)。
4. Not allcultures greet each other the same way, Nor are they comfortable in the sameway with
touching ordistance between people.
各種文化背景下的人互致問(wèn)候的方式不盡相同,身體接觸和相互間距的程度也不盡相同。
5. We can often bewrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each otheras well as we do.
高二英語(yǔ)課本基礎(chǔ)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納3
一.重點(diǎn)詞匯
1.preference n.偏愛(ài);優(yōu)先eg:Wine or beer?which is your preference?要葡萄酒還是啤酒?你比較喜歡哪一樣?
I have a preference for French films.我更喜歡法國(guó)電影。
相關(guān)鏈接:prefer噸更喜歡preferable adj.更好一些(和to連用) preferably ado.是用法拓展.have a preference for偏愛(ài)…… show/gire(a)preference for偏愛(ài)……
have a preference of sth.to/over,..寧要某物而不要另一物
in preference to優(yōu)先于……;喜愛(ài)甚于……特別提醒;prefer是preference的動(dòng)詞形式,其搭配為:
prefer sth./doing sth.to sth./doing sth.喜歡……而不喜歡
prefer to do…rather than do…寧愿干……而不愿干……
2.design v&n.設(shè)計(jì);打算給……用 eg:
He is designing a house f6r his frl’end.他正給他的朋友設(shè)計(jì)房子。
The road was not designed for heavy lrucks.這公路不是為重型卡車設(shè)計(jì)的。
用法拓展:design…f0 r…為某人設(shè)計(jì)…… .
be dem。gned for/to do…目的是……,打算給……用 一
by design故意地 have designs on/against…對(duì)……別有用心特別提醒:design當(dāng)“目的是……;打算給……用”講時(shí),多用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
3.belong vi.屬于;是……成員 eg:She belongs to this school.她是這個(gè)學(xué)校的成員。 China belongs to the third world.中國(guó)屬于第三世界。
相關(guān)鍵接;belongings n.(復(fù))所有物,財(cái)產(chǎn)用法拓展:belong to sb.屬于某人的特別提醒:
(1)belong to后面接名詞的普通格.不接所有格:后接代詞時(shí)用賓格,不用名詞性物主代詞。
(2)beIong to沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
4.impress vt.銘刻,給……極深印象;使感動(dòng)eg: What impressed me is the beauty of the scenery there.使我印象深刻的是那兒美麗的風(fēng)景。 The book tmpressed a lot of people.那本書在很多人心中留下深刻印象。 My father impressed on me the importaflce of work.父親要我銘記工作的重要性。
相關(guān)鏈接:impression n.印象,感覺(jué)impressive adj.給人留下深刻印象的用法拓展:impress sth.on sth.在……上印……tmpress sth.with sth.用……印…
be impressed by/at/with被深深打動(dòng) be impressed on曲.使某人銘記… make a…impression on…對(duì)……留下…印象
5.despitpe prep.不管,不顧;任憑eg:
He came to the meeting despite his serious illness.
他木顧重病還是來(lái)出席了會(huì)議。
He is very active despite his age.他年紀(jì)雖大.卻很活躍。
用法拓展:despile=in spite of盡管though(althougll)盡管.雖然特別提醒:①despitein spite of但比in spite of更正式。②despite(in spite of) 是介詞.后接名詞(動(dòng)名詞.代詞)而though、although是連詞.連接句子。
③as con).引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句.句子須部分倒裝。④whik conj“盡管”引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
6.taste vt嘗……味道 vi.嘗起來(lái).吃起來(lái) n情趣。鑒賞力eg;
can you taste anything strange in this soup?你嘗得出這湯有什么怪味嗎?
The soup tastes delicious.這湯很可口。
The girl has a taste for music.這女孩對(duì)音樂(lè)感興趣。
相關(guān)鏈接:tasty adj.美味的,可口的 a tasty meaI一頓美餐用法拓展:have a taste for對(duì)……喜歡 to one's taste按口味.合口味特別提醒;taste作系動(dòng)詞用后面須接形容詞作表語(yǔ);無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
7.fill up with用……裝滿 eg:
Birds fill up the spaces between the branehes of their nests with soft materials.
鳥用柔軟的材料填滿鳥巢之間的空間。
相關(guān)鏈接:fuIl“adj.充滿的用法拓展:fill…with…用……裝滿……一be filled with be fuIl of裝滿……fill in…填入.填空
特別提醒:be filled with用……裝滿.be fuIl of裝滿……,這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)中特別注意介詞,不要用混。
8.set.一aside把……置于一旁.留出,撥出 eg:
Ive set aside some money for this journey.我為這趟旅行存了一些錢。
Let's set aslde our personal feelings.我們先暫時(shí)拋開個(gè)人情感。
用法拓展:put aside節(jié)省(錢,時(shí)間).儲(chǔ)存……備用
step aslde避開.退讓.站到一邊take aside把……叫到一邊
三、重點(diǎn)交際用語(yǔ)
9.I can't stand.”我不能忍受……eg:she can't startd the pam.她無(wú)法忍受那種痛苦。
we can't stand being made fun of.我們無(wú)法忍受被別人嘲弄。
用法拓展:can't stand+n /pron 不能忍受……can't stand+doing不能忍受……特別提醒:stand當(dāng)”承受.忍受”講.通常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句,不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí),后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。
四、重點(diǎn)句型
10.with+0+0C with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) eg:
with the door open he sIept Iast m’ght.昨天晚上他開著門睡覺(jué)。
With the boy leadmg the way.we had no difficulty finding his house.
有孩子帶路.我們沒(méi)費(fèi)事就找到了他的家。
用法拓展:with+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞 with+賓語(yǔ)十副詞with+賓語(yǔ)一介詞短語(yǔ)with十賓語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞 with十賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞 with十賓語(yǔ)+不定式
特別提醒:with后面的賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)之間若是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用doing或to do;若是被動(dòng)關(guān)系.則用done。
五、詞語(yǔ)辨析
11.create,make.produce,invent四個(gè)詞都含有“創(chuàng)造”的意思
(1)create指“有目的地把原材料制成新產(chǎn)品”;也指“創(chuàng)造出原來(lái)不存在或與眾不同的事物”。 eg:
We've created a new building out of an old ruin.我們從舊廢墟上創(chuàng)建了一幢新樓。
(2)invent指“通過(guò)想像,研究,勞動(dòng),創(chuàng)造出前所未有的東西”,尤指“科技上的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造”。 eg:
Edison invented the light bulb.愛(ài)迪生發(fā)明了電燈泡。
(3)make是最常用詞,指“用勞動(dòng)創(chuàng)造、生產(chǎn)、形成或組成”某事物。 eg:
AIl kinds of machine tools are made in this factory.這家工廠制造各種機(jī)床。
(4)produce指“通過(guò)勞動(dòng)加工而生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品”,尤指“工農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品”。 eg:
We must produce more food for ourselves and import less.我們必須增產(chǎn)食品,減少進(jìn)口。
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