高中生提高英語(yǔ)閱讀能力的策略
高中階段的英語(yǔ)閱讀理解是重點(diǎn)部分，學(xué)生應(yīng)該知道一些有效策略來(lái)幫助提高閱讀理解的能力。下面是小編為大家整理的關(guān)于高中生提高英語(yǔ)閱讀能力的策略，希望對(duì)您有所幫助。歡迎大家閱讀參考學(xué)習(xí)!
高中生提高英語(yǔ)閱讀水平的技巧
1.細(xì)節(jié)題
做細(xì)節(jié)題時(shí)需要回到原文尋找答案，根據(jù)題目中的比較特殊單詞(大寫(xiě)、人名、地名、主旨名詞、關(guān)鍵性動(dòng)詞)返回原文定位，選擇與原文相匹配的選項(xiàng)就是正確答案，如果叫不準(zhǔn)則可逐一排除干擾選項(xiàng)。
有時(shí)問(wèn)題與原文不是完全對(duì)應(yīng)，這就要求考生跨段落進(jìn)行綜合整理搜集答案，類似的還有題目信息與原文信息在表述上稍有些變化，題目設(shè)問(wèn)方式有些特殊等。例如，問(wèn)哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)正確最常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式是“Which of the following is true?”，但如果題目變成“What does the writerpay the least attention to?”或“All of the following statements may be true except…”就較難理解。面對(duì)這一問(wèn)題，大家做題時(shí)需要記住這20個(gè)字“通篇略讀，看清題目，返回原文，尋找事實(shí)，仔細(xì)對(duì)照”。
2.主旨題
基本上所有的閱讀理解題都會(huì)考到文章主旨，所以找文章主旨就顯得特別重要。找文章主旨的方法有兩種，一種是通篇讀完文章，經(jīng)過(guò)思考和理解歸納主旨，這種方法比較實(shí)在，但這需要看懂文章;另外一種是讀首段、尾段和各段段首句，如果還是讀不懂可以找其中出現(xiàn)較多的名詞(代詞指代該名詞)、動(dòng)詞繼續(xù)了解，理清脈絡(luò)和段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系，然后再結(jié)合讀的不是很懂的文章確定文章主旨。
3.判斷推理題
判斷推理題常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有以下幾種：①What can be inferredfrom the passage?②The writer suggestthat…③The author uses the exampleof…to show that…，提問(wèn)方式由簡(jiǎn)單到難，所以考生要多熟悉閱讀理解各類題型會(huì)怎么問(wèn)，做題時(shí)不至于眼生。針對(duì)這類題型，考生要抓關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行正向或是反向推理;整合全段或全文信息進(jìn)行推斷;領(lǐng)會(huì)言外之意。
4.詞義理解題
詞義理解題其實(shí)也屬于細(xì)節(jié)類題目，同樣要回歸原文。它考查的是學(xué)生對(duì)單詞詞義以及詞組和句意的猜測(cè)能力，單詞量大的考生也很少會(huì)知道它的具體含義。在做這類題目時(shí)，可以根據(jù)上下文，定義關(guān)系，因果關(guān)系，同義或是反義關(guān)系等猜測(cè)詞義。例如， The advanced EP alsoheats the room evenly, wall to wall and floor to ceiling。如果是問(wèn)evenly的意思，那么我們就可以通過(guò)wall to wall and floor to ceiling來(lái)判斷出來(lái)應(yīng)該是equally的意思，也就是這個(gè)EP可以均勻的加熱房間，從每一面墻到地板到天花板。
高中生提高英語(yǔ)閱讀的練習(xí)題：mistakes
We can make mistakes at any age.Some mistakes we make are about money.But most mistakes are about people.“Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen??‘When I got that great job，did Jerry really feel good about it，as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?” When we look back.doubts like these can make US feel bad.But when we look back.It?s too late
Why do we go wrong about our friends-or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning.And if we don?t really listen，we miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose someone tells you.‘‘you?re a lucky dog”.Is he really on your side? if he says.“You?re a lucky guy”or“You’re a lucky gal”.That?s being friendly.But“l(fā)ucky dog”?There?s a bit of envy in those words Maybe he doesn?t see it himself.But bringing in the‘‘dog”bit puts you down a little.What he may be saying is that he doesn?t think you deserve your luck.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone?s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says square with the tone of voice? His posture(體態(tài))?The look in his eyes? Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake
31.From the questions in the first paragraph we can learn that the speaker _____
A.feels happy，thinking of how nice his friends were to him
B.feels he may not have“read” his friends’true feelings correctly
C.thinks it was a mistake to have broken up with his girl friend，Helen
D is sorry that his friends let him down
32.In the second paragraph.the author uses the example of“You?re a lucky dog”to show that .
A.the speaker of this sentence is just being friendly
B this saying means the same as “You?re a lucky guy” or “You?re a lucky gal”
C sometimes the words used by a speaker give a clue to the feeling behind the words
D.the word“dog”shouldn?t be used to apply to people
33.This passage tries to tell you how to ____
A.avoid mistakes about money and friends
B.bring the“dog’’bit into our conversation
C.avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you
D keep people friendly without trusting them
34.In listening to a person.the important thing is ______
A.to notice his tone，his posture，and the look in his eyes
B to listen to how he pronounces his words
C.to check his words against his manner，his tone of voice，and his posture
D.not to believe what he says
35.If you followed the advice of the writer，you would _____
A be able to get the real meaning of what people say to you
B.avoid any mistakes while talking with people who envy you
C.not lose real friends who say things that do not please you
D.be able to observe people as they are talking to you
答案：BCCCA
Passage 1
無(wú)論我們長(zhǎng)到多少歲，都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。有時(shí)犯金錢(qián)上的錯(cuò)誤，但大多數(shù)時(shí)間還是與人有關(guān)的錯(cuò)誤?！叭绻液虷elen分手，Jerry會(huì)真的在意么?”“我得到了這么棒的工作，Jerry作為我的朋友衷心的為我感到高興么?或者他會(huì)嫉妒我的幸運(yùn)?”當(dāng)我們回憶過(guò)去，類似這種的疑問(wèn)讓我們感覺(jué)很不舒服。但是回憶起這些的時(shí)候，想補(bǔ)救已經(jīng)為時(shí)已晚了。
為什么我們總是對(duì)我們友善或者敵對(duì)的人會(huì)錯(cuò)意思呢?因?yàn)?，有的時(shí)候，人們真正要表達(dá)的意思其實(shí)隱藏在話語(yǔ)背后。那么如果我們沒(méi)有真正的去聆聽(tīng)，就會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)語(yǔ)言后的感情。要是有人對(duì)你說(shuō)：“You’re a lucky dog.”他是真正的支持你的么?如果他說(shuō)“你是個(gè)幸運(yùn)的家伙”或者“你是個(gè)幸運(yùn)的女孩”，他的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是友善的。但是，“l(fā)ucky dog”這個(gè)詞，好像有點(diǎn)嫉妒的味道在里面。也許說(shuō)話人自己也沒(méi)有察覺(jué)到。但是，“dog”這個(gè)詞好像有點(diǎn)貶低你的意思。他想說(shuō)的可能是他覺(jué)得你不配這么幸運(yùn)。
那么如何分辨出別人話語(yǔ)之外的意思呢?一個(gè)辦法就是仔細(xì)觀察說(shuō)話的人。他說(shuō)的話和他說(shuō)話的樣子搭配么?和說(shuō)話的語(yǔ)調(diào)符合么?和他的姿勢(shì)呢?還有眼神?停下來(lái)想一想。你用來(lái)思索別人話語(yǔ)真正意思花的很少的時(shí)間，也許避免了另一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。
高中生提高英語(yǔ)閱讀的練習(xí)題：successful writers
In 1977 , a dead author of detective stories saved the life of a nineteen-month-old baby in a most unusual way. The author was Agatha Christie, a gentle married lady and one of the most successful writers of detective stories in the world.
In June 1977 , a baby girl became seriously ill in Qatar (卡塔爾) , near Sandi Arabia(沙特阿拉伯) . Doctors were unable to find out the cause of her illness, so she was flown to London and sent to Hammersmith Hospital. A team of doctors hurried to examine the baby only to discover that they, too, were puzzled by the very unusual signs of illness. While they were having a discussion about the baby's illness, a nurse asked to speak to them.
―Excuse me,‖ said Nurse Marsha Maitland, ―but I think the baby is suffering from thallium poisoning(鉈中毒) .‖
―What makes you think that?‖ Dr. Brown asked. ―Thallium poisoning is very rare.‖
―A few days ago, I was reading a novel called ?A Pale Horse' by Agatha Christie,‖ Nurse Maitland explained.“In the book, somebody uses thallium poison, and all the signs are exactly the same as the baby' s . ”
―You are very careful and you may be right,‖ another doctor said. ―we‘ll carry out some tests and find out whether it' s thallium(鉈) or not.‖
Tests showed that the baby had indeed been poisoned by thallium. Once they knew the cause of the illness, the doctors were able to give the baby the correct treatment. She soon recovered and was sent back to Qatar. Later on it was proved that the poison might have come from an insecticide(殺蟲(chóng)劑) used in Qatar.
1.Who first suggested the correct cause of the baby's illness?
A.A Doctor in Qatar.
B.Nurse Maitland. C.Dr. Brown.
D.Agatha Christie.
2.Why was the baby sent to London?
A.She was a British girl whose parents were working in Qatar.
B.The hospitals in Qatar were full at that time.
C.She was the daughter of a doctor in one of the places.
D.The Qatar doctors were not sure they could cure her.
3.As far as we can tell from passage, Agatha Christie.
A.had never even met this baby.
B.had spent a long time as a police officer.
C.visited the baby in the hospital at Hammersmith.
D. gave Nurse Maitland some advice on the phone .
4.Nurse Maitland spoke to the doctors
A.when she heard them discussing the possibility ofthallium poison.
B.because she could see that the doctors had made a mistake.
C.to suggest a possible reason for the patient' s illness.
D.after she had read about a horse which had been poisoned.
5.What did the doctor think of the suggestion which Nurse Maitland made?
A.They were very quick to agree with her.
B.They were unhappy over her interruption.
C.They said that she was wrong because thallium poisoning is very rare.
D.They thought it was a possibility worth considering.
答案：BDACD
高中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)總結(jié)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) (do/does; is/am/are)
① 表示現(xiàn)在的情況、狀態(tài)或特征。
例：He is a student.
他是一個(gè)學(xué)生。
② 表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。
例：He always helps others.
他總是幫助別人。
③ 客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。
例：The earth moves the sun.
地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。
④ 表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
僅限于某些表示“來(lái)、去、動(dòng) 、停、開(kāi)始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的動(dòng)詞，可以與表示未來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)搭配使用 。
常見(jiàn)的用法是：飛機(jī)、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通方式。
例：The next train leaves at 3 o clock this afternoon.
下一趟火車今天下午3點(diǎn)開(kāi)車。
⑤ 在時(shí)間、條件和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在(有時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))表示將的來(lái)事情。(即：主將從現(xiàn)原則)
例：I will call you as soon as I arrive at the airport.
我一到機(jī)場(chǎng)就會(huì)給你打電話。
When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.
等你完成這份報(bào)告的時(shí)候，我就已經(jīng)等了將近3個(gè)小時(shí)了。
高中英語(yǔ)高頻考點(diǎn)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have/has done)
① 表示動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。
例：I bought a new house, but I haven t sold my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.
我買(mǎi)了一所新房子，但是還沒(méi)有賣(mài)掉舊的，所以現(xiàn)在我又兩所房子。
② 表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)刻開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或情況，并且有可能會(huì)繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時(shí)經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用since加一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或for加一段時(shí)間，或by加一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。
例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas have been challenged today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.
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高中生提高英語(yǔ)閱讀能力的策略
