be動(dòng)詞用法說(shuō)明
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be動(dòng)詞用法說(shuō)明
be動(dòng)詞有am,is,are三種形式,be動(dòng)詞的用法你知道嗎?和學(xué)習(xí)啦小編一起來(lái)看看吧。
be動(dòng)詞用法說(shuō)明如下:
be動(dòng)詞的用法口訣 :
我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is連著他(he),她(she),它(it);
單數(shù)名詞用is,復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。我們(we)你們(you)和他們(they)都用are;過(guò)去式am\is變was,are變 were;變疑問(wèn),往前提,句末問(wèn)號(hào)莫丟棄。變否定,更容易,be后not莫忘記。 疑問(wèn)否定任你變,句首大寫(xiě)莫遲疑。
一、be動(dòng)詞與人稱代詞的搭配
1、基本形式:am、are、is
?。?) am
第一人稱I+am (注意:“I”無(wú)論何時(shí)都要大寫(xiě),不管位于句首還是句中)
例:I am a beautiful girl. I am twenty.
?。?) are
第二人稱you+are; 一人稱復(fù)數(shù)we+are; 三人稱復(fù)數(shù)they+are 其他復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are (注意:第二人稱單復(fù)數(shù)同形,都為you)
例:You are my good friend. We are in the same class.
They are on the road. The books are on the desk.
(3 is
第三人稱he(男) +is ; she(女)+is; it(不是人)+is;其他單數(shù)名詞+is
例:He\She is a good student. It is a white cat.
A dog is on that street.
2、肯定、否定、疑問(wèn)(等于號(hào)后是簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě))
肯定否定--be動(dòng)詞后加not一般疑問(wèn)--be動(dòng)詞移到主語(yǔ)前一般疑問(wèn)否定一般疑問(wèn)回答 肯定和否定
I am… =I’m ….I am not…=I’m not ...Am I…?Am not I…?Yes,I’m. No,I’m not.
You are…= you’re…You are not…=You aren’t…Are you…?Are not you. ..? =Aren’t you…?Yes,you are. No,you are not.
She\He\It is…=She\He\It is not… =She\He\It isn’t…Is she\he\it…?Is not she\he\it…? =Isn’t she\he\it…?Yes,she\he\It is. No,she\he\It is not.
We are=We’reWe are not…=We aren’t…Are we…?Are not we…? =Aren’t we…?Yes,we are. No,we are not.
They are=They’reThey are not…=They aren’tAre they…?Are not they…? =Aren’t they…?Yes,they are. No,they are not.
例:I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
Am I a Chniese? 回答: 肯定:Yes, you are. 否定: No, you aren’t.
Is the cat fat? 回答:肯定:Yes, it is. 否定: No, it isn’t.
注意:在一般疑問(wèn)回答中,肯定回答除I’m不可簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě),否定回答均可簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)。
另:特殊疑問(wèn)句中:Where\How\Who\What\Why+be動(dòng)詞+人稱代詞或名詞?
例:What is your name? My name is Lili.
Where are you? I’m in the classroom.
二、be動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題
(一.)用be動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。
1. I ________ from Australia.
2. She _______ an English student.
3.Mike and Tom _________ my friends.
4. My parents _______ very busy every day.
6.I ______ an English teacher now.
7.Where _________ you from?
10.The light _________ green.
11.My name _________ Li Lei. I _________ twelve.
12._______they your new friends?
13. I ______ a boy. ______you a boy? No, I _____ not.
14. The girl______ Jack's sister.
15. The dog _______ tall and fat.
16. ______ your brother in the classroom yesterday?
17. Where _____ your mother? She ______at home.
18. Whose dress ______ this?
19.That ______ my red skirt.
20.Who ______ I?
21. Some tea ______ in the glass.
22.Jhon ______ busy last weekend..
23. My sister's name ______Nancy.
24. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.
25. ______ David and Helen from England?
26. We ____ friends.
27. She ___ a teacher.
28. I ___ a girl.
29. Many ants ____ in my house.
30.His mother ____ fat.
(二.)寫(xiě)出下列詞適當(dāng)形式:
1.I am (縮略形式) ______ 2.is (復(fù)數(shù))______
3.we are (縮略形式) ______ 4.are not(縮略形式) ______
5.is not (縮略形式) ______ 6.is/am(過(guò)去式形式) ______
7.she's(完整形式) ______ 8.it's(完整形式) ______
9.they're(完整形式) ______ 10.are(過(guò)去式形式) ______
?。ㄈ? )將下列句子變成否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句
1.His brother is a teacher.
否定句:______________________________
一般疑問(wèn)句: __________________________
2.They are his parents.
否定句: ______________________________
一般疑問(wèn)句: ___________________________
3.I was busy last weekend.
否定句:_______________________________
一般疑問(wèn)句: ___________________________
4.Lucy is gong to the bookstore tomorrow..
否定句: ______________________________
一般疑問(wèn)句:__________________________???
5.I am an English teacher .
否定句:_______________________________
一般疑問(wèn)句: ___________________________
6.They were busy yesterday.
否定句: _______________________________
一般疑問(wèn)句:___________________________
7.I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend.
否定句: _______________________________
一般疑問(wèn)句: ___________________________
8.You were happy yesterday.
否定句:_______________________________
一般疑問(wèn)句: ___________________________
9.We are twins.
否定句: _______________________________
一般疑問(wèn)句: _______________________________
10.Mike was tired last weekend.
否定句: ______________________________
一般疑問(wèn)句: _________________
how的用法總結(jié)
一、基本義為“怎么樣”
一How do you go to school? -I go by bus. 一你是怎么去上學(xué)的? 一我是乘公共汽車去的。
一How can I get to the cinema? 一You can go by the No. 15 bus. 一我如何到達(dá)電影院呢?-你可以乘坐15路公交。
How do you feel?--I feel sick.--你感覺(jué)怎樣?--我感覺(jué)難受。
二、作為疑問(wèn)詞的用法
How tall are you? -I am164cm tall.-你有多高呢?-我有164厘米高。
How heavy is he? - He is 50kg.-他有多重?。克?0公斤重。
How big are your feet? -I wear size 36.你穿多大的鞋子呢?我穿3號(hào)好的鞋子 。
How large is your room? -My room is 30 square meters.-你的房間有多大呢?我的房間有30平方米大。
How old are you? - I am 20 years old.-那你有多大呢?-我20歲了。
How long are your legs?-76cm.-你的腿有多長(zhǎng)呢?-76厘米長(zhǎng)。
三、與much和many連用
How much (money) do you want? 你需要多少錢?
How much water in the bottle? -A little.-瓶子里有多少誰(shuí)呢?-一些。
How many (pictures) did you buy? 你買了多少幅(畫(huà))?
四、與副詞連用
How fast does he drive? 他開(kāi)得有多快?
How often do you go abroad? 你多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間出一次國(guó)?
How badly was he hurt? 他傷得怎么樣?
How soon can you come? 你多快能趕來(lái)?
注意How is she?(她身體怎么樣?)詢問(wèn)的是她的健康狀況,而What is she like?(她長(zhǎng)得什么樣?)詢問(wèn)的是她的外貌。
另外,不要把How are you?(你身體怎么樣?)和How do you do?(您好!)搞混。當(dāng)兩個(gè)人被介紹認(rèn)識(shí)時(shí),雙方都說(shuō)How do you do?這只是一句問(wèn)候語(yǔ)而不是真的提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題。
當(dāng)別人同一問(wèn)題時(shí)可以省略問(wèn):How about you?(你呢?)如:
Lily: How tall is Mike?--邁克多高呢?
Me: He is 170cm tall.--他有170厘米高。
Lily: How about you? --你呢?
Me: I am 165cm. --我有165厘米高。
特殊疑問(wèn)詞及特殊疑問(wèn)句小結(jié)
特殊疑問(wèn)句的兩種結(jié)構(gòu)
1)與陳述句的詞序相同
?、僖蓡?wèn)詞(who,what,which,whose)作主語(yǔ)
Who is there?誰(shuí)在那兒?
?、谝蓡?wèn)詞(what,which,whose)作定語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾主語(yǔ)。
Which book is his?哪本書(shū)是他的?
2)疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句的詞序
?、僖蓡?wèn)詞作賓語(yǔ)
What are you Doing?你在干什么?
What are gonging to do this afternoon? 今天下午你打算干什么?
?、谝蓡?wèn)詞作表語(yǔ)
Who is she?她是誰(shuí)?
What is the time? 幾點(diǎn)了?
What color is the book? 那本書(shū)是什么顏色?
What is the weather like today? 今天天氣怎么樣?
What is the date today? 今天是幾月幾日?
What else? 其他還有什么?
?、垡蓡?wèn)詞作定語(yǔ)(其所修飾的成分是主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ))
Whose bag is that?那是誰(shuí)的包?
?、芤蓡?wèn)詞作狀語(yǔ)
How old are you?你多大年紀(jì)了?
1)疑問(wèn)代詞
who誰(shuí) whom誰(shuí)
whose誰(shuí)的 which哪個(gè),哪些
what什么
2)疑問(wèn)副詞(用作狀語(yǔ))
when何時(shí) where何地
Why為什么 how 如何
how much多少 how many多少
how long多久 how old多大年紀(jì)
how far多遠(yuǎn) how big多大
how often 幾次?
be going to 的用法總結(jié)
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文章類型:原創(chuàng) 發(fā)表于:2012/7/17 13:39:17
一、be going to 的用法點(diǎn)撥
be going to 是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu),它后面跟動(dòng)詞原形,用來(lái)表示按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件,有時(shí)也可以表示推測(cè)將要或肯定會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,有“準(zhǔn)備;打算”的意思。含有be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)的句子中往往有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如:
We are going to play football this afternoon.今天下午我們打算踢足球。(安排)
Look at the black clouds. It's going to rain.看那些烏云,快要下雨了。(推測(cè))
二、be going to 在肯定句中的形式
be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)中的助動(dòng)詞be很少用原形,它一般有三種形式,即:am , is , are 。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是 I 時(shí)用am ;當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用is;當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第二人稱(you)或復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。例如:
I am going to buy some books on Sunday.周日我打算去買些書(shū)。
She is going to visit her aunt and uncle this weekend.她打算這個(gè)周末去看望她的阿姨和叔叔。
You are going to clean your room this afternoon.今天下午你打算打掃你的房間。
We are going to visit the Great Wall this weekend.我們打算這個(gè)周末去參觀長(zhǎng)城。
Mike and John are going to the cinema tomorrow.邁克和約翰打算明天去看電影。
三、含be going to 的句子變否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句的變法
由于句子中有助動(dòng)詞be,因此be going to 的否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成很容易,即在be (am, is, are) 的后面加上not 就構(gòu)成了否定句;把be (am, is, are) 放到句首,在句末加問(wèn)號(hào)就構(gòu)成了一般疑問(wèn)句,其答語(yǔ)為:Yes, 主語(yǔ)+ am/is/are. / No, 主語(yǔ)+ isn't/aren't. / No, I'm not.不過(guò) I am... 在改為一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)常常改為“Are you ....?”。例如:
They are going to beijing next week. (肯定句)
They are not going to beijing next week. (否定句)
-Are they going to beijing next week?
-Yes, they are. (No, they aren't.) (一般疑問(wèn)句的肯定與否定回答)
We are going to play basketball on Saturday. (肯定句)
We are not going to play basketball on Saturday. (否定句)
-Are you going to play basketball on Saturday? (一般疑問(wèn)句)
- Yes, we are. (No, we aren't ) (一般疑問(wèn)句的肯定與否定回答 )
He is going to do his homework Saturday afternoon. (肯定句)
He is not going to do his homework Saturday afternoon.. (否定句)
-Is he going to do his homework Saturday afternoon? (一般疑問(wèn)句)
- -Yes, he is. ( No, he isn't.) (一般疑問(wèn)句的肯定與否定回答 )
四、使用be going to 應(yīng)注意的兩點(diǎn)
1. There be 句型的be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)為:There is / are going to be... (注意句型中g(shù)oing to 后面的be不能改為have。) 常用來(lái)表示將有某事發(fā)生。例如:
There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.下周六我們學(xué)校將有一場(chǎng)足球比賽。
2. come, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,它們很少與be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)連用。例如:
Lucy is coming tonight.今晚露西要來(lái)。
there be 句型用法總結(jié)
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文章類型:原創(chuàng) 發(fā)表于:2012/7/17 15:13:31
There be 結(jié)構(gòu)是英語(yǔ)中陳述事物客觀存的常用句型,表示“有”,其確切含義是“存在”there 作為引導(dǎo)詞,本身沒(méi)有意義,用動(dòng)詞be的某些形式作為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,它的主語(yǔ)是用一些表示泛指或不定特指的名詞詞組,動(dòng)詞be和主語(yǔ)的數(shù)必須一致。句子最后通常為表示地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。因此要表達(dá)“某個(gè)地方或某個(gè)時(shí)間存在什么事物或人”的時(shí)候常用
“There be + 名詞+ 地點(diǎn)(時(shí)間)這一句型。例如:
There is a bookstore across the street.
穿過(guò)街道,有一家書(shū)店。
There are some students in the classroom.
在教室里有一些學(xué)生。
一、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主謂一致
1.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞be后所接的名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),be 應(yīng)該取單數(shù)is;當(dāng)其后所接的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞時(shí),be用復(fù)數(shù)are。
There is a book on the desk.
書(shū)桌上有一本書(shū)。
There is some water in the bottle.
瓶子里有些水。
There are some eggs in the box.
盒子里有一些雞蛋。
2.如果There be 后面是幾個(gè)并列名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),動(dòng)詞be的形式和最靠近它的那個(gè)名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。
There is an English book and two notes on the shelf. 架子上有一本英語(yǔ)書(shū)和兩個(gè)筆記本。
There are notes and English book on the shelf. 架子上有兩個(gè)筆記本和一本英語(yǔ)書(shū)。
二、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中的句子結(jié)構(gòu)
1.肯定句:There be +名詞 +某處
例如:There is a tree in the yard.在院子里有一棵樹(shù)。
There is some water in the bottle.在瓶子里有一些水。
There are some books on the desk.在書(shū)桌上有一些書(shū)。
2.否定句:There be + not+名詞 +某處
例如:There is not a tree in the yard.在院子里沒(méi)有樹(shù)。
There is not any water in the bottle.在瓶子里有沒(méi)水。
There are not any books on the desk.在書(shū)桌上沒(méi)有一些書(shū)。
3.一般疑問(wèn)句:be there +名詞 +某處
例如:Is there a tree in the yard?在院子里有一棵樹(shù)嗎?
--Yes, there is. (No, there isn't.)
Is there any water in the bottle? 在瓶子里有一些水嗎?
--Yes, there is. (No, there isn't.)
Are there any books on the desk? 在書(shū)桌上有一些書(shū)嗎?
--Yes, there are. (No, there aren't.)
三、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)和have的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系
1.區(qū)別點(diǎn):there be 意為存在,強(qiáng)調(diào)某地有某物,不表示所屬關(guān)系;have 表示所有關(guān)系,
強(qiáng)調(diào)某人或某地有某物,這是其基本用法。如:
There are some trees in front of the house.
房前有些樹(shù)。
Tom has many friends in China.
湯姆在中國(guó)有許多朋友。
2.相同點(diǎn):在表示結(jié)構(gòu)上的含有時(shí),既可以用there be 句型,也可以用have(has) 來(lái)表示。如:
中國(guó)有許多長(zhǎng)河。
There are many long rivers in China.
China has many long rivers.
三月份有多少天?
How many days are there in March?
How many days has March
some和any的用法總結(jié)
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文章類型:原創(chuàng) 發(fā)表于:2012/7/17 16:59:22
我們知道,some通常用于肯定句,any則用于常否定句或疑問(wèn)句中。但隨著學(xué)習(xí)的深入,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),情況并不完全如此,上述說(shuō)法只能算是對(duì)some和any用法的一個(gè)不太準(zhǔn)確和完整的概括。由于some和any是英語(yǔ)中比較常用的詞,我們有必要對(duì)其用法作出較完善的歸納。
一、some和any作為形容詞或代詞,可以用來(lái)說(shuō)明或代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,表示不定量,意為“一些”,其區(qū)別是:對(duì)其所說(shuō)明或代替的名詞持肯定態(tài)度時(shí),用some;持非肯定(否定或疑問(wèn))態(tài)度時(shí),用any。
在以下句子中使用some:
1.肯定句(包括肯定的陳述句和祈使句以及反意疑問(wèn)句中肯定的陳述部分)。如:
There are some new books on the desk.
I have a lot of sugar. Take some with you, please.
He bought some apples, didn't he?
2.持肯定態(tài)度的一般疑問(wèn)句。如:
Are there some eggs in the box?
Didn't she give you some bread?
3.表示請(qǐng)求或建議的一般疑問(wèn)句,通常都希望得到對(duì)方肯定的答復(fù),所以也用some。如:
May I ask you some questions?
Would you like some tea?
4.特殊疑問(wèn)句及選擇疑問(wèn)句。因?yàn)樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句和選擇疑問(wèn)句并不對(duì)some所說(shuō)明或代替的名詞表示疑問(wèn)。如:
Where can I get some buttons?
Do you have some pens or pencils?
在以下句子中使用any:
1.否定句(包括否定的陳述句和祈使句以及反意疑問(wèn)句中否定的陳述部分)。如:
I don't have any money now.
Do not make any noise.
There weren't any trees here, were there?
2.含有除not以外的其他否定詞或否定結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。如:
Jim hardly makes any mistakes in his homework.
He went to London without any money in his pocket.
She was too poor to buy any new clothes.
3.一般疑問(wèn)句(持肯定態(tài)度的除外)。如:
Did she buy any tomatoes yesterday?
I want some paper. Do you have any?
二、some還可表示“某些”或用在單數(shù)名詞前表示“某一個(gè)”。any則可用于表示“任何一些”或“(至少3個(gè)中)任何一個(gè)”,二者均可用于肯定或非肯定的句子中。如:
I don't like some of them.
He is working at some place in the north.
Any criminal(s) will be punished.
You can take any of these.
三、some和any也可作為副詞,用于比較級(jí)前,表示程度,意為“稍許,幾分”,用法與其作形容詞或代詞表示“一些”時(shí)基本相同。如:
He feels some better now.
She was so tired that she could not go any further.
some還可以用在數(shù)字之前,意為“大約”。如:
He is some forty years old.
一般過(guò)去式時(shí)態(tài)的用法總結(jié)
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文章類型:原創(chuàng) 發(fā)表于:2012/7/17 14:24:06
一般過(guò)去式的用法:
一般過(guò)去式 表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài),通常一般過(guò)去式帶有表示動(dòng)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的詞,詞組或從句,如 yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, two days ago ,last weekend等等,上下文清楚時(shí)可以不帶時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工廠工作。
I met Lucy yesterday. 昨天我碰見(jiàn)了露西。
We went to the Great Wall yesterday.
昨天我們?nèi)チ碎L(zhǎng)城。
一般過(guò)去式構(gòu)成: 表示一般過(guò)去式的動(dòng)詞通常用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式形式來(lái)表示,而動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是在動(dòng)詞原形的基礎(chǔ)上變化的。
動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式可分為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。
a.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式變化如下:
①一般情況下在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加- ed。如:wanted,played, worked played ,acted, looked called opened needed。
②以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,直接加-d。如:hoped,lived。
?、垡砸粋€(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞,雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母,再加 - ed ,如: stopped planned fitted
?、芤暂o音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變y為i,再加- ed。如:studied,, tried ,copied ,cried, 。
以原音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞,直接加-ed play enjoy stay-- played enjoyed stayed
規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的讀音也有規(guī)律可循。請(qǐng)記?。呵搴骩t],元濁[d],[t] [d]之后讀[id]。
?、偾遢o音[p] [k] [f] [s]等后,ed要讀[t]。如:worked,finished。
?、谠艋驖彷o音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后,ed要讀[d]。如:lived,called。
?、踇t]或[d]后,ed讀[id]。如:started,needed。
b.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化
不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng),須多加記憶。
1.動(dòng)詞原形和過(guò)去式完全同形。
例: hurt(傷害) put(放) let(讓)
2.動(dòng)詞原形、過(guò)去式形式完全不同。
例: give(給) gave 、 fly(飛) flew 、drink(喝) drank 、see(看見(jiàn)) saw 、go(去) went 、 make - made 、get - got 、buy - bought 、come- came 、 know(知道)- knew 、 wear(穿) wore 、 speak(說(shuō)) spoke、take-took、win-won、swim-swam、draw-drew
be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式有兩種形式,主語(yǔ)是第一、三人稱(am/is)單數(shù)形式使用was,其他人稱(are)用were
助動(dòng)詞do/does的過(guò)去式為did
3.動(dòng)詞原形、過(guò)去式形式完全不同但讀音不同的。
例如:read(【ri: d】)- read (【red】)
不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式平時(shí)出現(xiàn)要留心,逐個(gè)熟記,注意積累。
一般過(guò)去式句子構(gòu)成:
1.肯定句:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式形式+其他+過(guò)去的時(shí)間
例如:We went to the bookstore yesterday.
2.否定句:主語(yǔ)+ did +not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他+過(guò)去的時(shí)間
例如:We did not go to the bookstore yesterday.
3.一般疑問(wèn)句:Did + 主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞原形+其他+過(guò)去的時(shí)間
例如:Did you go to the bookstore yesterday?
--Yes, we did. (No, we didn’t.)
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