經濟金融術語中英互譯

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　　經濟金融術語中英互譯：

　　A

　　安全網 safety net

　　按可比口徑 on comparable basis

　　按輕重緩急 to prioritize

　　暗補 implicit subsidy

　　暗虧 hidden loss

　　B

　　頒發(fā)營業(yè)執(zhí)照 to license;to grant a licence to

　　辦理存款業(yè)務 to take deposits

　　保護農民的生產積極性 to protect farmers'incentive to produce

　　備付金(超額準備金) excess reserves

　　本外幣并賬 consolidation of domestic and foreign currencyaccounts

　　本外幣對沖操作 sterilization operation

　　本位利益 localized interest;departmentalism

　　奔小康 to strive to prosper;to strive to become well-to-do

　　避稅(請見“逃稅”) tax avoidance

　　幣種搭配不當 currency mismatch

　　幣種構成 currency composition

　　變相社會集資 disguised irregular(or illegal) fund raising

　　表外科目(業(yè)務) off-balance-sheet items(operation)

　　薄弱環(huán)節(jié) weaknesses;loopholes

　　不變成本 fixed cost

　　不變價 at constant price;in real terms

　　不動產 real estate

　　不良貸款(資產) problem loans;non-performing loans(assets)

　　C

　　財務公司 finance companies

　　財政赤字 fiscal deficit

　　財政擠銀行 fiscal pressure on the central bank(over monetary policy)

　　財政政策與貨幣政策的配合 coordination of fiscal and monetary policies

　　采取循序漸進的方法 in a phased and sequenced manner

　　操作彈性 operational flexibility

　　操縱匯率 to manipulate exchange rate

　　產品構成 product composition;product mix

　　產品積壓 stock pile;excessive inventory

　　產銷率 current period inventory;(即期庫存，不含前期庫存)sales/output ratio

　　產銷銜接 marketability

　　產業(yè)政策 industrial policy

　　長期國債 treasury bonds

　　敞口頭寸 open position

　　炒股 to speculate in the stock market

　　承購包銷 underwrite(securities)

　　成套機電產品 complete sets of equipment;complete plant(s)

　　城市信用社 urban credit cooperatives(UCCs)

　　城市合作銀行 urban cooperative banks;municipal united banks

　　城市商業(yè)銀行 municipal commercial banks

　　城鄉(xiāng)居民收入增長超過物價漲幅 real growth in household income

　　持續(xù)升溫 persistent overheating

　　重復布點 duplicate projects

　　重置成本 replacement cost

　　重組計劃 restructuring plan

　　籌資渠道 funding sources;financing channels

　　初見成效 initial success

　　出口統(tǒng)一管理、歸口經營 canalization of exports

　　出口退稅 export tax rebate

　　儲蓄存款 household deposits(不完全等同于西方的savingsdeposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。)

　　儲蓄分流 diversion of household deposits

　　儲源萎縮 decline in the availability of household savings

　　傳導機制 transmission mechanism

　　從價稅 ad valorem tax

　　從緊控制 tight control

　　存貸款比例 loan/deposit ratio

　　存款保險體系 deposit insurance system

　　存款貨幣銀行 deposit money banks

　　存款準備金 required reserves

　　D

　　打白條 issue IOU

　　大額存單 certificate of deposit(CD)

　　大額提現(xiàn) withdraw deposits in large amounts

　　大面積滑坡 wide-spread decline

　　大一統(tǒng)的銀行體制 (all-in-one)mono-bank system

　　呆賬(請見“壞賬”) bad loans

　　呆賬準備金 loan loss reserves(provisions)

　　呆滯貸款 idle loans

　　貸款沉淀 non-performing loans

　　貸款分類 loan classification

　　貸款限額管理 credit control;to impose credit ceiling

　　貸款約束機制 credit disciplinary(constraint)mechanism

　　代理國庫 to act as fiscal agent

　　代理金融機構貸款 make loans on behalf of other institutions

　　戴帽貸款 ear-marked loans

　　倒逼機制 reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition

　　道德風險 moral hazard

　　地區(qū)差別 regional disparity

　　第一產業(yè) the primary industry

　　第二產業(yè) the secondary industry

　　第三產業(yè) the service industry;the tertiary industry

　　遞延資產 deferrable assets

　　訂貨不足 insufficient orders

　　定期存款 time deposits

　　定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources

　　東道國(請見“母國”) host country

　　獨立核算 independent accounting

　　短期國債 treasury bills

　　對沖操作 sterilization operation;hedging

　　對非金融部門債權 claims on non-financial sector

　　多種所有制形式 diversified ownership