英語(yǔ)作文如何造句
英語(yǔ)作文如何造句
下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理的英語(yǔ)作文造句的方法, 希望對(duì)大家有幫助。
英語(yǔ)作文如何造句
如何造句?——
1.句子要完整。完整是好句子的第一要點(diǎn)。
2.句子要連貫。所謂連貫,一是指意思上的連貫;二是指結(jié)構(gòu)上的連貫。也就是說一個(gè)句子不僅要做到思想內(nèi)容的和諧,還要做到遣詞造句的和諧。例如: Tell my friend if she is at home,I will go to see her.
該句因語(yǔ)序的關(guān)系,使意思不明確。如果 my friend與she是同一個(gè)人,我們應(yīng)該說:If my friend is at home,tell her I will go to see her.如果不是同一個(gè)人,就應(yīng)說:Tell my friend I will go to see her if she is at home.
又如:An Indian came into the doctor's door,and walked quickly to the waiting room.
該句兩部分不合乎思維順序,動(dòng)作沒有按先后排列,所以造成了語(yǔ)無(wú)倫次。應(yīng)改為:
An Indian came into the waiting room,and walked quickly to the doctor's door.
以上從內(nèi)容上分析了句子的連貫性。即寫句子要保持自然的語(yǔ)序,讓意義緊密相連的詞緊挨在一起,同時(shí)各部分要按一定的邏輯排列。
3.句子須簡(jiǎn)潔。句中不應(yīng)有任何不必要的詞。只要意思充分地表達(dá)了,用詞越少越好。用詞過多只會(huì)使意思更加模糊不清,而不是更加清楚。
4.句子要重點(diǎn)突出。凡是重要的意思都應(yīng)在表達(dá)時(shí)予以強(qiáng)調(diào)。為此說話時(shí)人們可用各種方法,如提高聲音、放慢語(yǔ)速、使用短句或加上手勢(shì)等。寫文章時(shí),也可以使用倒裝、感嘆、重復(fù)、反問等方法對(duì)應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞語(yǔ)或句子加重語(yǔ)氣。一般情況下,一個(gè)句子的開頭和末尾是比較引人注目的地方。如:There was an old woman at the head of the queue.這是一般的表達(dá)方式。但可進(jìn)行這樣改:At the head of the queue was an old woman.通過這種結(jié)構(gòu)的改變分別突出了at the head of the queue以及an old woman.這樣句子就顯得非常生動(dòng)有力。
5.句子要多樣化。句型的多樣化,對(duì)好的文章來(lái)說是必不可少的。好幾句長(zhǎng)短相同、結(jié)構(gòu)相似的句子連在一起,如果又用同一個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ),必然會(huì)顯得很單調(diào)。為多樣化起見,短句和長(zhǎng)句,簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句等都應(yīng)交錯(cuò)使用。也可偶爾用一個(gè)問句、祈使句或感嘆句,但是不要只是為了多樣化而頻頻變換句型。
6.句子要一致。一個(gè)句子無(wú)論長(zhǎng)短應(yīng)當(dāng)只有一個(gè)中心思想。句中的詞、短語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)緊緊圍繞這一中心思想服務(wù)。如果時(shí)而談甲,時(shí)而談乙,則會(huì)破壞句子的一致性。如: Class Three have a map,and the map is on the wall of their classroom,it's a map of China.
此句在語(yǔ)法和詞匯上都沒有什么錯(cuò),但由于東拼西湊,讓人不知所云。如果將這一大句改為三個(gè)短句,使每句都有一個(gè)中心思想,那么就條理清楚,意義明確了。試比較: Class Three have a map.The map is on the wall of their classroom.It's a map of China.
句子的一致性是一個(gè)句子的意思清楚與否的關(guān)鍵。要達(dá)到一致性就要保持主語(yǔ)的一致、思想的完整、邏輯的合理和修飾的緊密。如: I opened the door,and the cat was under a desk,and the desk was black.
這個(gè)句子意思混亂,因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)不斷改變。如果我們用I作全句主語(yǔ),并作適當(dāng)刪改,則句子簡(jiǎn)單明了,意思清楚而且句子緊湊。比較一下: I opened the door and found the cat under a black desk.
上面談了一下什么樣的句子才是好句子。那么同學(xué)們?cè)谄綍r(shí)寫作中經(jīng)常犯些什么錯(cuò)誤呢?一般有以下幾種:
1.語(yǔ)序錯(cuò)誤。句子語(yǔ)序有自然語(yǔ)序和倒裝語(yǔ)序兩種。一不注意就會(huì)出錯(cuò)。例如:
Could you tell me where is the park?→ Could you tell me where the park is?
What a beautiful girl is she!→ ?What a beautiful girl she is!
2.句子中時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)的錯(cuò)誤。英語(yǔ)中常用時(shí)態(tài)有一般式、現(xiàn)在式和完成式。語(yǔ)態(tài)有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),一定要正確使用。如:
The house has been built five years ago.→ The house was built five years ago.
The bike hasn't returned yet.→ The bike hasn't been returned yet.
3.句子中出現(xiàn)不平行結(jié)構(gòu)。平行結(jié)構(gòu)類似漢語(yǔ)的排比句式,它常常用同樣的格式表達(dá)兩個(gè)以上平行內(nèi)容。平行結(jié)構(gòu)可以是單詞、短語(yǔ)或分句。如:
We can get there either by car or taking a bus.→ We can get there either by car or by bus.
She likes studying English but she doesn't like English grammar.→ She likes studying English but she doesn't like studying English grammar.
4.串句。串句是指兩個(gè)以上的句子串寫在一起,中間不見標(biāo)點(diǎn),不見連詞,造成結(jié)構(gòu)層次不清,邏輯意義混亂。改正方法:用標(biāo)點(diǎn)(逗號(hào)、分號(hào)或句號(hào))將串句點(diǎn)開;添加適當(dāng)連詞,使句子形成并列或主從關(guān)系,用修飾語(yǔ)替換其中一個(gè)或幾個(gè)句子,使整個(gè)句子變成修飾語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)單句。如:
Everybody thinks a king can do he wants to do.→ Everybody thinks a king can do what he wants to do.
5.漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ)。英漢兩種語(yǔ)言在表達(dá)習(xí)慣上有很大差異,要注意別犯漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ)錯(cuò)誤。如:
This morning has no classes.→ There are no classes this morning .
Although he is over 60,but he is very healthy.→ He is over 60,but he is very healthy.→ Although he is over 60,he is very healthy.
除了上面所述外,對(duì)英語(yǔ)的五種基本句型和其他常見句型也要了如指掌,只有這樣才能寫出清楚、正確的句子來(lái)。在進(jìn)行英語(yǔ)寫作時(shí),一個(gè)同樣的意思,??捎猛x或近義詞語(yǔ)表達(dá),或用不同的句型結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)。因此,平時(shí),多做一些句型轉(zhuǎn)換訓(xùn)練是非常有必要的。下面做幾個(gè)小題練練吧!
改錯(cuò):
?、賁he has finished the writing yesterday.
②To study English well,England is the best place to go.
③I don't know when we will have a meeting and where the meeting will be held.
?、蹾e very likes English.
?、軼hat you mean?
Key:
?、貶e finished the writing yesterday./He has finished the writing.
?、赥o study English well,the best place for you to go is England.
?、跧 don'tknow when and where we will have a meeting.
?、蹾e likes English very much.
?、軼hat do you mean?