優(yōu)秀的英語(yǔ)作文雙語(yǔ)
優(yōu)秀的英語(yǔ)作文雙語(yǔ)
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為何養(yǎng)貓會(huì)導(dǎo)致失明?
Keeping a pet cat puts owners at greater risk of going blind, but a dog appears to protect eyesight, a new study suggests.
一項(xiàng)最新研究表明，養(yǎng)貓會(huì)增加主人失明的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但是養(yǎng)狗卻能保護(hù)主人的視力。
Scientists have discovered that dogs and cats carry antigens which can prompt different immune responses in humans.
科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)狗和貓身上都攜帶能激起人體的不同免疫反應(yīng)的抗原。
While the allergen which dogs carry reduces the chance of developing glaucoma – the second leading cause of blindness in theUK– owning a cat nearly doubles the risk of contracting the eye disease.
狗身上攜帶的過(guò)敏原會(huì)降低主人患青光眼的幾率，在英國(guó)，青光眼是導(dǎo)致人們失明的第二大誘因，而養(yǎng)貓讓主人感染這一眼疾的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加了一倍。
Many pet owners suffer mild allergic reactions to their pets but still choose to keep them. However the new study suggests that even a small immune response could lead to blindness.
許多寵物主人對(duì)他們的寵物都有輕微的過(guò)敏反應(yīng)，但是卻堅(jiān)持養(yǎng)寵物。然而最新研究表明，即使是個(gè)很小的免疫反應(yīng)都有導(dǎo)致失明的危險(xiǎn)。
The study by the University of California, Los Angeles, found that cat owners who reacted to their pet allergen had a 90 per cent increased risk of glaucoma compared with non-pet owners. But dog owners were 20 per cent less likely to develop the debilitation condition.
加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校的這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果寵物貓的主人對(duì)他們的寵物過(guò)敏的話，其患青光眼的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比沒(méi)養(yǎng)寵物的人高90%。但是，寵物狗的主人出現(xiàn)視力減弱的幾率卻很可能比一般人低20%。
Keeping a dog also has the added benefit that owners are outside more which has been proven to protect against short-sightedness.
養(yǎng)狗的主人需要經(jīng)常在戶外活動(dòng)，這同時(shí)也有助于保護(hù)主人的視力，不會(huì)近視。
“Not only is Fido man's best friend, he may also save your sight,” said British laser eye surgeon Dr David Allamby.
英國(guó)激光眼科醫(yī)生大衛(wèi)·阿蘭比博士說(shuō)：“寵物狗不僅是人類(lèi)最好的朋友，還可以保護(hù)你的視力。”
“Cats could cause our immune system to react in a way that predispose eyes to the development of glaucoma.
“而寵物貓卻會(huì)誘發(fā)我們的免疫系統(tǒng)做出不同的反應(yīng)，導(dǎo)致青光眼的出現(xiàn)。”
“Exposure to dogs appears to be linked to the opposite effect and could be protective against the disease.”
“與狗接觸卻會(huì)產(chǎn)生相反的作用，并且還能防青光眼。”
Glaucoma occurs when fluid in the eyeball stops draining efficiently, causing a build-up of pressure which damages the optic nerve and nerve fibres from the retina. Previous studies have suggested that inflammation can drive the disease and the researchers wanted to find out if that could be triggered by pet allergens.
青光眼是由于眼球中的液體不能有效排出，導(dǎo)致眼內(nèi)壓力累積，從而導(dǎo)致視網(wǎng)膜的視神經(jīng)和神經(jīng)纖維受損導(dǎo)致的。早前的研究表明炎癥能引起青光眼，研究人員同時(shí)還想弄清楚，寵物過(guò)敏原是否也會(huì)導(dǎo)致青光眼。
Animals frequently groom themselves so allergens from saliva and secretions spread throughout the home, becoming airborne easily where they can be inhaled by humans.
由于動(dòng)物們頻繁地梳理它們自己，所以來(lái)自唾液和分泌物的過(guò)敏原很快就擴(kuò)散到整個(gè)家里，接著又通過(guò)空氣傳播很容易就被人類(lèi)吸入體內(nèi)。
The researchers believe that dogs are healthier for humans because they spend more time outdoors.
研究人員認(rèn)為，對(duì)人類(lèi)來(lái)說(shuō)，狗更健康一些，因?yàn)樗鼈兇蠖鄶?shù)時(shí)間都在戶外。
“The protective effect of dogs could be due to their natural antigens in their dead skin, but might also be because they spend more time outdoors and are happy to get dirty, whereas cats are cleaner animals,” said Dr Anne Coleman, of UCLA.
加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校的安妮·科爾曼博士表示：“狗的防護(hù)作用可能是來(lái)自于它們死皮內(nèi)的自然抗原，但是也可能是由于它們更多時(shí)間都在戶外，而且把自己弄臟了也很開(kāi)心，然而，貓卻是種愛(ài)干凈的動(dòng)物。”
“We already know that exposure to dogs and the germs and bacteria they carry can be good for the immune system. Now it seems to be the case for the eyes too.
“我們已經(jīng)知道接觸狗和它們攜帶的細(xì)菌對(duì)人類(lèi)免疫系統(tǒng)有益。現(xiàn)在發(fā)現(xiàn)這似乎對(duì)人類(lèi)的眼睛也有益處。
“Allergens from cats may have biochemical or physical properties that trigger antibodies targeting the optic nerve, while dog allergens may behave differently, possibly because dogs spend more time outdoors."
“貓身上攜帶的過(guò)敏原可能有生物化學(xué)性或物理性特征，能誘發(fā)針對(duì)視神經(jīng)的抗體，而狗身上攜帶的過(guò)敏原起到的作用卻不同，可能是因?yàn)楣反蠖鄶?shù)時(shí)間都在戶外。”
麥當(dāng)勞中國(guó)更名“金拱門(mén)” 炸出一堆段子手
McDonald’s China changed its business name, and consumers aren’t lovin’ it.
麥當(dāng)勞(中國(guó))有限公司近日更改名稱，然而新名稱似乎并不討消費(fèi)者喜歡。
Chinese media reported on Wednesday evening that McDonald’s Chinese business changed its company’s name from Maidanglao, a loose transliteration of the English name, to Jingongmen, or Golden Arches, on Oct. 12.
中國(guó)媒體周三晚報(bào)道說(shuō)，麥當(dāng)勞(中國(guó))有限公司已于10月12日將名稱更改為金拱門(mén)(中國(guó))有限公司。原名“麥當(dāng)勞”是對(duì)品牌名稱的大致音譯。
Although the fast food chain reassured its fans on its Weibo microblog that stores in China will still bear the old name, the new moniker was immediately ridiculed by net users for sounding unsophisticated.
盡管該快餐連鎖公司在新浪微博上向其粉絲保證中國(guó)的門(mén)店不會(huì)改名，但新名稱還是因?yàn)槁?tīng)起來(lái)太“土”而遭到網(wǎng)友嘲笑。
一些網(wǎng)友表示，“金拱門(mén)”這個(gè)名字甚至比“漢堡王”還要接地氣，很有點(diǎn)“中華老字號(hào)”的感覺(jué)。但也有網(wǎng)友表示很難接受，以后要改口說(shuō)“我們?nèi)コ越鸸伴T(mén)”吧!
“Jingongmen sounds like a name for a Peking duck restaurant or a traditional Chinese medicine store,” one Weibo user wrote.
一位微博網(wǎng)友寫(xiě)道：“金拱門(mén)聽(tīng)起來(lái)像是北京烤鴨店或者中藥店鋪的名字。”
“‘金拱門(mén)’聽(tīng)起來(lái)還沒(méi)有咱們“沙縣國(guó)際”洋氣，怎么配得起麥當(dāng)勞叔叔的身份和段位?”
“‘金拱門(mén)’一開(kāi)，樂(lè)得那位長(zhǎng)期屈居城中村的青年華萊士都要開(kāi)香檳慶祝了：這回名字總算比金拱門(mén)大表哥高級(jí)了吧?”
一聽(tīng)就咬不動(dòng)啊……
Picking a Chinese name can be tricky for foreign brands. US home-sharing company Airbnb earlier this year chose “Aibiying,” or “welcome each other with love,” for its Chinese operations, but the name was badly received for being difficult to pronounce. Last month, NBA team Dallas Mavericks asked its fans to come up with a new Chinese name because the current xiaoniu is a mistranslation, meaning “little cows.”
選擇一個(gè)中國(guó)名稱對(duì)一些外國(guó)品牌來(lái)說(shuō)很傷腦筋。美國(guó)的共享住宿公司Airbnb今年早些時(shí)候?yàn)槠渲袊?guó)業(yè)務(wù)選擇了“愛(ài)彼迎”這一名稱，意思是“用愛(ài)歡迎彼此”，但因?yàn)榘l(fā)音拗口遭人嫌棄。上個(gè)月，美國(guó)職業(yè)籃球聯(lián)賽達(dá)拉斯小牛隊(duì)請(qǐng)粉絲們?yōu)樗麄兿胍粋€(gè)新隊(duì)名，因?yàn)?ldquo;小牛隊(duì)”其實(shí)是個(gè)誤譯。
麥當(dāng)勞(中國(guó))為什么要改名呢?
麥當(dāng)勞回應(yīng)稱，麥當(dāng)勞與中信及凱雷成為戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴后，因業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展需要，自2017年10月12日起，麥當(dāng)勞中國(guó)總部的企業(yè)名稱變更為“金拱門(mén)(中國(guó))有限公司”。
McDonald’s low-key name change came after the fast food chain sold the bulk of its Chinese mainland and Hong Kong business to financial conglomerate CITIC Group and American investment company Carlyle Capital in January.
在麥當(dāng)勞(中國(guó))有限公司低調(diào)改名前，該公司已于今年1月將其中國(guó)大陸和香港的大部分業(yè)務(wù)出售給中信集團(tuán)和美國(guó)投資公司凱雷資本。
McDonald’s opened its first restaurant in China in 1990, and the brand, closely associated with a Western lifestyle, took off. Long lines formed whenever a new location opened. However, in recent years the fast food chain has struggled to maintain its growth momentum in China as more prosperous, health-conscious consumers seek alternative dining options.
麥當(dāng)勞于1990年在中國(guó)開(kāi)設(shè)首家門(mén)店，生意迅速火爆起來(lái)，其品牌與西方生活方式緊密相連。每當(dāng)有新店開(kāi)業(yè)，門(mén)前總會(huì)排起長(zhǎng)隊(duì)。但近年來(lái)，中國(guó)消費(fèi)者越來(lái)越富裕，也越來(lái)越有健康意識(shí)，就餐選擇更多樣化，麥當(dāng)勞保持在中國(guó)的發(fā)展勢(shì)頭也開(kāi)始困難起來(lái)。
“金拱門(mén)”的正確打開(kāi)方式
麥當(dāng)勞為何更名金拱門(mén)?網(wǎng)友和媒體給出了幾種解釋。
第一種解釋：麥當(dāng)勞金色拱門(mén)形狀的標(biāo)志在西方有個(gè)著名的昵稱——Golden Arches，直譯過(guò)來(lái)就是“金拱門(mén)”。
第二種解釋：上個(gè)世紀(jì)六十年代，麥當(dāng)勞聽(tīng)取了美國(guó)心理學(xué)家路易斯·徹斯金(Louis Cheskin)的建議，使用這個(gè)金拱門(mén)作為自己的Logo。徹斯金稱，金色拱門(mén)是一種營(yíng)銷(xiāo)策略，可以讓顧客看到這個(gè)標(biāo)志時(shí)就會(huì)想到是一對(duì)滋養(yǎng)的乳房——然后他們就餓了。
Around this period, there was discussion for a new logo for McDonald's, and design consultant Louis Cheskin convinced the company to maintain its branding with the arches.
當(dāng)時(shí)大家正討論給麥當(dāng)勞設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)新標(biāo)志，設(shè)計(jì)顧問(wèn)路易斯·徹斯金說(shuō)服公司保留了原有的金色拱門(mén)品牌標(biāo)志。
Cheskin argued that the golden arches carried the 'Freudian symbolism of a pair of nourishing breasts,' the BBC reported.
據(jù)BBC報(bào)道，徹斯金建議說(shuō)，金拱門(mén)“在弗洛伊德學(xué)說(shuō)中象征著一對(duì)有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的乳房。”
In this time period, the effects of Freudian theory were still reshaping the world and Cheskin's view is a deeply Freudian concept.
在當(dāng)時(shí)，弗洛伊德學(xué)說(shuō)的影響仍在重塑著世界，徹斯金的意見(jiàn)深受弗洛伊德學(xué)說(shuō)的影響。
還有網(wǎng)友考證，“金拱門(mén)”之名其實(shí)來(lái)源于西方的一個(gè)童話傳說(shuō)：故事說(shuō)的是有一個(gè)紅衣老人，每到冬天就騎著馴鹿穿過(guò)金拱門(mén)，來(lái)到每家每戶為孩子帶來(lái)禮物和美食。為了紀(jì)念這個(gè)節(jié)日，西方人在金拱門(mén)前立了一個(gè)金拱碑，還有歌謠傳唱：金拱碑，金拱碑，金拱偶的胃……
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