雙語(yǔ)美文：自信

　　以下是小編整理的情感類英語(yǔ)美文欣賞： 自信，希望對(duì)你有所感觸。

　　Some people are born with the belief that they aremasters of their own lives. Others feel they are at the mercy of fate.

　　New research shows that part of those feelingsare in the genes.

　　Psychologists have long known that peopleconfident in their ability to control their destiniesare more likely to adjust well to growing old thanthose who feel that they drift on the currents offate.

　　Two researchers who questioned hundreds of Swedish twins report that such confidence,or lark of it, is partly genetic and partly drawn from experience.

　　They also found that the belief in blind luck-a conviction that coincidence plays a big rolein life is something learned in life and has nothing to do with heredity.

　　The research was conducted at the Karolinska Institute-better known as the body thatannually awards the Nobel Prize for medicine by Nancy Pedersen of the Institute and MargaretGatz, a professor of psychology at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. Theirresults were recently published in the United States in the Journal of Gerontology.

　　People who are confident of their ability to control their lives have an "internal locus ofcontrol,"and have a better chance of being well adjusted in their old age, said Pedersen.

　　An "external locus of control," believing that outside forces determine the course of life,has been linked to depression in latter years, she said.

　　"We are trying to understand what makes people different. What makes some people agegracefully and others have a more difficult time?" she said.

　　The study showed that while people have an inborn predilection toward independenceand self-confidence, about 70 percent of this personality trait is affected by a person'senvironment and lifetime experiences.

　　Pedersen's studies, with various collaborators, probe the aging process by comparing setsof twins, both identical and fraternal, many of whom were separated at an early age.

　　The subjects were drawn from a roster first compiled about 30 years ago registering alltwins born in Sweden since 1886. The complete list, which was extended in 1971, has 95,000sets of twins.

　　有些人天生相信他們是自我生命的主宰，其他人則覺(jué)得他們受到命運(yùn)的支配。

　　一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這些感覺(jué)部份來(lái)自基因。

　　心理學(xué)家早就知道有信心掌握自己命運(yùn)的人比那些覺(jué)得自己是受命運(yùn)擺布的人更能適應(yīng)老化。

　　兩位研究學(xué)家在詢問(wèn)了好幾百對(duì)瑞典的雙胞胎后報(bào)告說(shuō)，這種信心，或是信心的缺乏，一部份是與基因有關(guān)，另一部份則是來(lái)自經(jīng)驗(yàn)的累積。

　　他們同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，相信盲目運(yùn)氣的人--認(rèn)為巧合在生命中扮演一個(gè)很重要的角色--是在生活過(guò)程中學(xué)習(xí)而來(lái)的，與遺傳毫無(wú)關(guān)系。

　　這項(xiàng)研究是在卡洛林司卡機(jī)構(gòu)里進(jìn)行的。這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)亦是每年頒贈(zèng)諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的團(tuán)體。該研究是由此機(jī)構(gòu)的南西·皮德森與洛杉磯南加大的心理學(xué)教授瑪格麗特·賈茲所主持，他們這項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果最近在美國(guó)老年學(xué)的期刊上登出。

　　皮德森說(shuō)，對(duì)自己掌握生命的能力有信心的人有一種‘內(nèi)在控制的基因位點(diǎn)’，比較能夠適應(yīng)老年期。

　　她說(shuō)，相信外在力量決定生命之旅的‘外在控制的基因位點(diǎn)’與晚年沮喪的情緒有關(guān)。

　　她說(shuō)：‘我們想了解人與人之間相異的原因是什么。是什么原因使有些人安然悠哉地步入晚年，而有些人則比較困難?’

　　這項(xiàng)研究顯示，有人能夠擁有天生的自信與獨(dú)立，而百分之七十有這種個(gè)性的人，會(huì)受到環(huán)境與一生的經(jīng)驗(yàn)所影響。

　　皮德森的研究，囊括了許多不同的研究學(xué)者，從事雙胞胎的比較，并探討老化的過(guò)程。這些同卵及異卵雙胞胎有許多都在很小的時(shí)候就分開(kāi)了。

　　研究對(duì)象是由一本三十年前編纂的名冊(cè)所抽出。這本名冊(cè)登記有自一八八六年以降，所有在瑞典出生的雙胞胎。這份完整的名單—直延續(xù)到一九七一年，共行幾萬(wàn)五千對(duì)雙胞胎。