機(jī)械專業(yè)英語(yǔ)文章中英文對(duì)照

　　作為應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)的全日制機(jī)械工程專業(yè)學(xué)位研究生,除了具有扎實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)以外,還需要滿足機(jī)械行業(yè)的實(shí)際工作需求。下面小編整理了中英文對(duì)照機(jī)械專業(yè)英語(yǔ)文章，希望大家喜歡!

　　中英文對(duì)照機(jī)械專業(yè)英語(yǔ)文章品析

　　公差系統(tǒng)

　　A system of tolerances is necessary to allow for the variations in accuracy that are bound tooccur during manufacture, and still provide for interchangeability and correct function of thepart.

　　為了允許在制造過(guò)程中必然會(huì)發(fā)生的精度變化 并提供零件的互換性和正確功能 一個(gè)公差系統(tǒng)是必需的。

　　A tolerance is the difference in a dimension in order to allow for unavoidable imperfections inworkmanship. The tolerance range will depend on the accuracy of the manufacturingorganisation, the machining process and the magnitude of the dimension.

　　公差是為了允許工藝上不可避免缺陷而存在的尺寸上的不同。公差范圍取決于制造機(jī)構(gòu)的精度、機(jī)加工過(guò)程和尺寸的量值。

　　The greater the tolerance range, the cheaper the manufacturing process. A bilateral toleranceis one where the tolerance range is disposed on both sides of the nominal dimension. Aunilateral tolerance is one where the tolerance zone is on one side only of the nominaldimension, in which case the nominal dimension may form one of the limits.

　　公差范圍越大 則制造過(guò)程的成本就越低。雙向公差是在公稱尺寸兩側(cè)都有公差帶的公差。單向公差是僅在公稱尺寸一側(cè)有公差帶的公差 在這種情況下公稱尺寸成了兩個(gè)極限中的一個(gè)。

　　Limits are the extreme dimensions of the tolerance zone. For example, nominal dimension30mm

　　極限是公差帶的極限尺寸。例如公稱尺寸30毫米

　　Fits depend on the relationship between the tolerance zones of two mating parts, and may bebroadly classified into a clearance fit with positive allowance, a transition fit where theallowance may be either positive or negative (clearance or interference), an interference fitwhere the allowance is always negative.

　　配合取決于兩配合零件公差帶之間的關(guān)系 并且可以概括地分為具有正允差的間隙配合 允差可以是正或負(fù)的過(guò)渡配合和總是負(fù)允差的過(guò)盈配合。

　　經(jīng)典中英文對(duì)照機(jī)械專業(yè)英語(yǔ)文章

　　Type of Limits and Fits

　　極限和配合的類型

　　The ISO System of Limits and Fits, widely used in a number of leading metric countries, is considerably more complex than the ANSI system.

　　在一些最主要采用公制的國(guó)家中廣泛使用的ISO的極限和配合系統(tǒng)，比ANSI的極限和配合系統(tǒng)要復(fù)雜得多。

　　In this system, each part has a basic size. Each limit of size of a part, high and low, is defined by its deviation from the basic size, the magnitude and sign being obtained by subtracting the basic size from the limit in question. The difference between the two limits of size of a part is called the tolerance, an absolute amount without sign.

　　在這個(gè)系統(tǒng)中，每個(gè)零件都有基本尺寸。零件尺寸的每一極限，不管大小，都通過(guò)對(duì)基本尺寸的偏差來(lái)定義，其量值和符號(hào)由正被討論的極限減去基本尺寸得到。零件尺寸的兩個(gè)極限之差稱為公差，這是一個(gè)沒(méi)有符號(hào)的絕對(duì)量值。

　　There are three classes of fits: 1) clearance fits, 2) transition fits (the assembly may have either clearance or interference), and 3) interference fits.

　　存在三種配合 1)間隙配合2)過(guò)渡配合(裝配后可以有間隙或過(guò)盈)和3)過(guò)盈配合。

　　Either a shaft-basis system or a hole-basis system may be used. For any given basic size, a range of tolerances and deviations may be specified with respect to the line of zero deviation, called the zero line.

　　基軸制或基孔制均可采用。對(duì)任何給定的基本尺寸，公差范圍和偏差可以相對(duì)于被稱為零線的零偏差線來(lái)確定。

　　The tolerance is a function of the basic size and is designated by a number symbol, called the grade—thus the tolerance grade.

　　公差是基本尺寸的函數(shù) 并通過(guò)一個(gè)被稱為等級(jí)的數(shù)字符號(hào)標(biāo)明—即公差等級(jí)。

　　The position of the tolerance with respect to the zero line also a function of the basic size—is indicated by a letter symbol (or two letters), a capital letter for holes and a lowercase letter for shafts. Thus the specification for a hole and shaft having a basic size of 45 mm might be 45H8/g7.

　　公差相對(duì)于零線的位置同樣為基本尺寸的函數(shù)通過(guò)一個(gè)或兩個(gè)字母符號(hào)表達(dá)，大寫字母表示孔而小寫字母表示軸。這樣基本尺寸為45毫米的一個(gè)孔和軸配合規(guī)格可能是45H8/g7。

　　Twenty standard grades of tolerances are provided, called IT01, IT0, IT1~18, providing numerical values for each nominal diameter, in arbitrary steps up to 500mm (for example 0~3, 3~6,6~10, ......, 400~500 mm).

　　ISO規(guī)定了二十種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的公差等級(jí)，稱之為IT01，IT0，IT1~18，給在直至500毫米強(qiáng)行分段(例如0~3，3~6，6~10, ......, 400~500毫米)中的公稱直徑提供具體數(shù)值。

　　The value of the tolerance unit, i, for grades 5~16 isWhere i is in microns and D in millimeters.

　　對(duì)5-16級(jí)而言，公差單位i的值可用下式計(jì)算這里i的單位是微米，而D的單位是毫米。

　　Standard shaft and hole deviations similarly are provided by sets of formulas, however, for practical application, both tolerances and deviations are provided in three sets of rather complex tables.

　　標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的軸和孔偏差同樣都由若干公式提供?然而對(duì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用，公差和偏差都在三張相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的表格中規(guī)定了。

　　Additional tables give the values for basic sizes above 500 mm and for “Commonly Used Shafts and Holes” in two categories—“General Purpose” and “Fine Mechanisms and Horology”.

　　對(duì)基本尺寸大于500毫米和在“一般用途”和“精密機(jī)械和鐘表”兩個(gè)類別中的“常用的軸和孔”而言，由附加的表格給出數(shù)值。

　　關(guān)于中英文對(duì)照機(jī)械專業(yè)英語(yǔ)文章

　　Numerical Control of Production Equipment

　　生產(chǎn)設(shè)備的數(shù)字控制

　　Numerical Control (NC) is a form of programmable automation in which the processingequipment is controlled by means of numbers, letters, and other symbols. The numbers,letters, and symbols are coded in an appropriate format to define a program of instructionsfor a particular work-part or job.

　　數(shù)控是程序控制的自動(dòng)化,在數(shù)字控制系統(tǒng)中,設(shè)備通過(guò)數(shù)字,字母和符號(hào)來(lái)編碼,以一種合適的格式為每一個(gè)特定的零件或工件定義一個(gè)程序指令集。

　　When the job changes, the program of instructions is changed. The capability to change theprogram is what makes NC suitable for low-and medium-volume production. It is much easierto write new programs than to make major alterations of the processing equipment.

　　當(dāng)工件變化時(shí),程序也變化,改變程序的能力亦適合中小批量生產(chǎn)。寫一個(gè)新程序比改變大量生產(chǎn)設(shè)備要容易的多。

　　Basic Components of NC

　　數(shù)控基本結(jié)構(gòu)

　　A numerical control system consists of the following three basic components:

　　數(shù)控系統(tǒng)由下面三部分組成

　　Program of instructions

　　控制程序

　　Machine control unit

　　機(jī)器控制單元

　　Processing equipment

　　加工設(shè)備

　　The program is fed into the control unit, which directs the processing equipment accordingly.

　　程序輸入到控制單元由送入的程序來(lái)引導(dǎo)加工設(shè)備控制。

　　The program of instruction is the detailed step-by-step commands that direct the processingequipment.

　　指導(dǎo)程序是一步步詳細(xì)的指導(dǎo)加工設(shè)備的指令。

　　In its most common form, the commands refer to positions of a machine tool spindle withrespect to the worktable on which the part is fixtured.

　　通常指令把主軸上刀具相對(duì)于安裝工具的工作臺(tái)定位。

　　More advanced instructions include selection of spindle speeds, cutting tools, and otherfunctions. The program is coded on a suitable medium for submission to the machinecontrol unit.

　　更多先進(jìn)的說(shuō)明包括主軸的轉(zhuǎn)速,加工工具的選擇及其功能。

　　The most common medium in use over the last several decades has been 1-in.-wide punchedtape.

　　程序刻在合適的介質(zhì)中,提交到機(jī)器控制單元中,在過(guò)去幾十年中,最常用的介質(zhì)是一英寸寬的打孔紙帶。

　　Because of the widespread use of the punched tape, NC is sometimes called "tape control".However, this is a misnomer in modern usage of numerical control .

　　由于打孔紙帶的廣泛使用,NC有時(shí)也叫紙帶控制,然而這是現(xiàn)代數(shù)控使用的誤稱。

　　Coming into use more recently have been magnetic tape cassettes and floppy diskettes.

　　現(xiàn)在進(jìn)入使用更多的是磁帶和軟盤。

　　The machine control unit (MCU) consists of the electronics and control hardware that read andinterpret the program of instruction and convert it into mechanical actions of the machinetool or other processing equipment.

　　機(jī)器控制單元,MCU由電子和控制硬件組成,機(jī)器控制單元可以讀出和執(zhí)行指令程序,可以自動(dòng)改變加工工具和其他加工設(shè)備。

　　The processing equipment is the third basic component of an NC system. It is the componentthat performs useful work.

　　執(zhí)行單元是數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的第三基礎(chǔ)部分,執(zhí)行原件是有效執(zhí)行工作的原件

　　In the most common example of numerical control, one that performs machining operations,

　　最常見(jiàn)的數(shù)控例子其中的一個(gè)加工操作,加工設(shè)備由工作臺(tái)和主軸組成,就像用電動(dòng)機(jī)來(lái)驅(qū)動(dòng)一樣。

　　The processing equipment consists of the workable and spindle as well as the motors andcontrols needed to drive them.

　　加工設(shè)備由控制單元來(lái)驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的類型。