英文優(yōu)美的文摘
英文優(yōu)美的文摘
英語(yǔ)作文其實(shí)提升是一件很簡(jiǎn)單的事情，小編今天給大家整理了英語(yǔ)的文摘，同學(xué)們快點(diǎn)來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)一下，這樣就可以提高一下我們的英語(yǔ)水平了哦，大家快點(diǎn)行動(dòng)起來(lái)背背吧
高跟鞋與腳部承受壓力的秘密
Under Pressure
壓力之下
In physics, pressure depends on the amount of force acting on a surface and on the size of the surface. The smaller the surface, the greater the pressure. Let’s say that a woman steps on your toe; she weighs 120 pounds. If she’s wearing flat shoes, you would feel the force of 120 pounds spread out over the whole heel of the shoe, maybe around 4 square inches. So the pressure would be 120 divided by 4, or 30 pounds per square inch.
物理學(xué)上，壓力大小取決于作用在表面力的大小和表面積大小。表面積越小，承受的力越大。假設(shè)一個(gè)重120磅的女人踩到你腳趾了。如果她穿的是平底鞋，你會(huì)感到120磅的壓力分散到鞋子的整個(gè)根部，大概4平方英寸。所以120磅的壓力平均分為4份，或者每平方英寸30磅的力。
But when she steps on you with a high heel, the whole 120 pounds of force is concentrated on a heel that is maybe one eighth of one square inch in area. Now the pressure of her step is eight times as much, or 240 pounds per square inch instead of 30 pounds per square inch. Of course, it hurts more.
但如果她穿的是高跟鞋，整個(gè)120磅的力集中在或許只有八分之一英寸大小的鞋跟上。她踩下去的壓力也是8倍之多，或者說(shuō)240磅每平方英寸而不是30磅每平方英寸。當(dāng)然，這更痛。
It works the other way, too. Spiked heels are painful to wear because your weight is all on the spike and the ball of the foot; therefore, the pressure is much greater on these points than in running shoes, where your weight is spread out over the whole bottom of the foot.
同理，穿細(xì)高跟鞋是痛苦的，因?yàn)槟愕闹亓咳珘涸谠诩?xì)跟和腳趾球上。因此，壓力在這些點(diǎn)上要比重量被分散在整個(gè)腳底的跑鞋大很多。
聲速測(cè)量
Measuring The Speed Of Sound
聲速測(cè)量
In the 17th century, the French scientist Pierre Gassendi knew that light traveled faster than sound. When a gun fired far away, he could see the flash of gunshot long before he heard the report.
在17世紀(jì)時(shí)，法國(guó)科學(xué)家皮埃爾·伽桑狄已經(jīng)知道光速要比聲速快。遠(yuǎn)處發(fā)生槍擊時(shí)，他看到槍的火花的時(shí)間遠(yuǎn)早于才聽(tīng)到槍響的時(shí)間。
Gassendi tried to measure the speed of sound by clocking the time that elapsed between the flash and the gunshot. Knowing the exact distance the gun was from him, he calculated that sound traveled through air at over 1,000 miles per hour. This figure is too high, though. Can you guess why?
伽桑狄試圖通過(guò)記錄看到槍的火花和聽(tīng)到槍聲之間的時(shí)差來(lái)測(cè)量聲速。在知道槍支與自己所在位置的精確距離后，他計(jì)算出聲音在空氣中的傳播速度約為1000英里/每小時(shí)。可是，這一數(shù)字過(guò)高。你能猜出為什么嗎?
The problem was that Gassendi relied on his own reaction time, making his measurement higher than it should have been.
問(wèn)題就在于伽桑狄依賴(lài)了自己的反應(yīng)時(shí)間，使得他的測(cè)量值高于實(shí)際值。
In 1864, another French scientist, Henri Regnault, devised a way to measure the speed of sound automatically, again by using a gun, but without relying on human reaction time. Regnault covered a rotating cylinder with paper, and positioned a pen to draw a line as it turned. Next, he wired the pen to two electrical circuits, placing one in front of the gun some distance away, and the second near the cylinder, threaded through a diaphragm sensitive to sound.
1864年，另一位法國(guó)科學(xué)家亨利·勒尼奧發(fā)明了一種自動(dòng)測(cè)量聲速的方法，他還是用槍來(lái)測(cè)量，但是這次并沒(méi)有依靠人的反應(yīng)時(shí)間。勒尼奧用白紙環(huán)繞過(guò)一個(gè)旋 轉(zhuǎn)圓筒，并在上面放置一只筆來(lái)在紙上畫(huà)線記錄。然后，他通過(guò)電線將筆接入兩條電路中，一條電路放在槍口前的遠(yuǎn)處某一點(diǎn)上，另一條放在圓筒附近，使之穿過(guò)聲 敏膜片。
When the gun fired, the first circuit broke, making the pen jump to a new position on the rotating cylinder. When the sound reached the diaphragm by the cylinder, the pen jumped back to its original position. Because Regnault knew how far the gun was from the cylinder and how fast the cylinder turned, he calculated that sound travels through air at 750 miles per hour, quite close to the speed physicists accept today.
槍響后，第一條電路斷開(kāi)，筆尖會(huì)跳到旋轉(zhuǎn)圓筒的另外一個(gè)新位置上。當(dāng)聲音觸發(fā)聲敏膜片后，筆會(huì)跳回原位。由于勒尼奧知道槍與圓筒的距離以及圓筒轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的速度，于是他計(jì)算出聲音在空氣中的傳播速度為750英里每小時(shí)，與今天物理學(xué)家普遍認(rèn)同的聲速十分接近。
英文優(yōu)美的文摘相關(guān)文章：
2.英語(yǔ)文摘