英語(yǔ)常用語(yǔ)法
英語(yǔ)之中，常用的語(yǔ)法有哪些?我們用得到哪些?下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的英語(yǔ)常用語(yǔ)法的相關(guān)知識(shí)，供大家參閱!
英語(yǔ)常用語(yǔ)法：名詞的主謂一致性
Both the parents and the children are here.
ii. A、B表示同一個(gè)人、物或者觀念的時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式
A journalist and author lives in the sixth flat.
The turner and fitter is under twenty-five.
iii. And連接幾個(gè)單數(shù)主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)由each、 every、 no、 many a等詞修飾的時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)
Each boy and each girl is invited.
Every boy and girl is invited.
No boy and no girl is there now.
iv. A、B為兩個(gè)不可分的東西時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)
A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.
Bread and butter is nutritious.
b) 由or, not only… but also …, either… or …, neither… nor …連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)與靠近的主語(yǔ)一致 (注意，敘述句和疑問(wèn)句隨語(yǔ)序不同而不同)
Either you or I am mad.
Neither you nor he is naughty.
Not only the farmer but also his family were friendly to me.
c) 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后跟有with, along with, together with, besides, except, like, including, as well as, rather than等詞的時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不受詞組的影響，僅和主語(yǔ)保持一致
All but one were here just now.
A library with five thousand books is offered to nation as a gift.
2. 單一主語(yǔ)的情況
a) 以復(fù)數(shù)形式結(jié)尾的統(tǒng)稱名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，例如physics, maths, economics, news, means, works, 等一般在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中用單數(shù)形式, 當(dāng)然，若表示復(fù)數(shù)的意思則另當(dāng)別論
Physics is very important.
Every means has been tried.
b) 當(dāng)由至少兩個(gè)部分組成的工具的名稱，或者衣服的名稱等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，例如trousers/pants, shoes, glasses, scissors, goods, clothers等，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式;如果這些詞由Pair(suit, piece, series,kind)+ of修飾的時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)
My trousers are white and his clothes are black.
A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.
但是在these/those pairs (…) of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞之后，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式
These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.
英語(yǔ)常用語(yǔ)法：時(shí)態(tài)一致
1)并列謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)一致。
【例如】Yesterday I went shopping, bought some books and had dinner at a good restaurant.
The soldier looked at him, exchanged glances with his comrade and took out the gun.
2)主從復(fù)合句的時(shí)態(tài)一致。
a)主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)按情況而定。
【例如】
I wonder what will happen tomorrow.
I wonder what happened to him yesterday.
I wonder what is happening now outside.
b)主句為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句一般用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。如果賓語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明的是客觀真理，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
【例如】
He told me he made a big mistake.
He told me he would go to Beijing the next day.
He told he had finished his task.
The teacher told students that the earth moves around the sun.(客觀真理)
3)定語(yǔ)從句和比較狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)不受主句影響。
【例如】
The universityswhereshe is studying was founded in 1950.
You now speak English better than you spoke it last year.
4)時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。
【例如】
We will cancel our trip if it rains tomorrow.
I will go to visit the Summer Palace as soon as I arrive in Beijing.
英語(yǔ)常用語(yǔ)法：句子轉(zhuǎn)折詞的橋梁
“They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”
上面這句話不錯(cuò)，只是轉(zhuǎn)折詞“for example”不妥當(dāng);應(yīng)該這樣：
“They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”
不然就要換一換轉(zhuǎn)折詞，改用“such as”或“like”：
“They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”
不管任何語(yǔ)言，轉(zhuǎn)折詞(transitional words)都扮演著一個(gè)重要角色，就是：承先啟后，使句子緊湊，段落相吸，對(duì)文章結(jié)構(gòu)，有良性作用。但是有些人幾乎沒(méi)有采用轉(zhuǎn)折詞的習(xí)慣，結(jié)果文句松散，上下文七零八亂，應(yīng)該避免。
現(xiàn)在把主要轉(zhuǎn)折詞，分類列下，供大家參考。
?、癖硎?ldquo;尤有進(jìn)者”的意思：
Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等，如：
?、?Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.
?、?English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.
?、虮硎?ldquo;反意見(jiàn)”：
But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等，如：
?、?Jim is intelligent but lazy.
?、?Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.
?、蟊硎?ldquo;困果關(guān)系”：
Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等，如：
?、?Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.
?、?Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.
Ⅳ表示“比較關(guān)系”：
Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等，如：
?、?You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.
?、?No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.
Ⅴ表示“舉例示范”：
For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等，如：
?、?There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".
?、霰硎?ldquo;結(jié)束”：
To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等，如：
?、?Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.
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