寫(xiě)作沖刺丨如何展開(kāi)雅思寫(xiě)作大作文分論點(diǎn)
在雅思寫(xiě)作大作文備考沖刺階段，許多同學(xué)都習(xí)慣花大量時(shí)間去整理一套雅思寫(xiě)作大作文素材和套路，但是臨場(chǎng)考試的效果往往不理想。因?yàn)槟惆l(fā)現(xiàn)自己的素材庫(kù)里的內(nèi)容只夠撐起半個(gè)題目;或者因?yàn)檫@個(gè)題目壓根就不在我準(zhǔn)備范圍之內(nèi)。本文就教給大家當(dāng)遇到比較“奇葩”題目的時(shí)候如何去打開(kāi)思路“想”分論點(diǎn)，從而讓我們的文章充實(shí)起來(lái)。
寫(xiě)作沖刺丨如何展開(kāi)雅思寫(xiě)作大作文分論點(diǎn)
以教育類(lèi)的題目為例：Some people think that watching television is bad for children. Others say it is good for children to get knowledge. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
該題甲方觀點(diǎn)是說(shuō)，看電視對(duì)于小孩來(lái)說(shuō)有壞處，其分論點(diǎn)并不難想：一方面看電視在身體上(physically) 有壞處：比如造成近視的(short-sighted)問(wèn)題，長(zhǎng)期坐著不運(yùn)動(dòng)肥胖(obesity)問(wèn)題;另一方面看電視在行為上(behaviorally)也對(duì)小孩有不良影響：比如暴力內(nèi)容(violent content)以及危險(xiǎn)行為(dangerous behaviors)會(huì)讓小朋友模仿(imitate)，對(duì)他人造成傷害，比如以下新聞：
而該題乙方觀點(diǎn)是說(shuō)，看電視對(duì)小孩獲得知識(shí)有好處(good for children to get knowledge)，這就很抽象了。很多小伙伴能夠首先想到的是看新聞(news)，然后能想到看紀(jì)錄片(documentary films)，之后就一片空白，開(kāi)始進(jìn)入卡殼狀態(tài)，以至于在考場(chǎng)上浪費(fèi)了時(shí)間還寫(xiě)不夠字?jǐn)?shù)。
當(dāng)我們題目中遇到抽象名詞時(shí)要相信雅思考試的內(nèi)容是在你的認(rèn)知范圍之內(nèi)的，下面我們就把抽象的詞knowledge來(lái)變具體化。
那看電視都看什么呢?
你會(huì)看《動(dòng)物世界》《Animal World》
“春天來(lái)了,萬(wàn)物復(fù)蘇,。。。。。”
所以我們能在其中獲得的知識(shí)就是自然科學(xué)(natural science)有關(guān)的知識(shí)。讓看電視的小盆友們學(xué)習(xí)到物種多樣性(diversity of species) 、各種生態(tài)環(huán)境(Various ecological environments)以及適者生存(survival of the fittest)的自然法則(law of nature)。
再者，有的電視節(jié)目能起到獨(dú)特的功效，比如一檔節(jié)目，如果想增肥的話(huà)在吃飯以后看(因?yàn)榭赐晁阌逐I了)，如果想減肥的話(huà)就在飯前看(因?yàn)榭赐曛缶筒幌氤宰约好媲暗娘埩?。它就是：《舌尖上的中國(guó)》(A BITE OF CHINA).
看《舌尖上的中國(guó)》能讓大家了解到中華飲食文化(Chinese diet culture)
教給小盆友們廚藝技能(cooking methods and skills)。同時(shí)節(jié)目里還會(huì)描述當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳罘绞?lifestyle of local residents) ，會(huì)跨越不同的中國(guó)省份，也就有了地理知識(shí)(knowledge of geography)和當(dāng)?shù)囟Y節(jié)與風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣(local manners and customs)。
除了這些其實(shí)還有可以獲得知識(shí)的，不像以上科目這么劃分，它是一種語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)(language learning)。比如CCTV有一個(gè)頻道專(zhuān)門(mén)用英語(yǔ)來(lái)講--《CCTV News》， 小伙伴們?cè)诳丛摴?jié)目的時(shí)候可以學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)(learn English)，積累不同領(lǐng)域的詞匯(vocabulary in different sectors and fields)和專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)理論(professional knowledge and theories)。
乙方觀點(diǎn)說(shuō)看電視 is good for children to get knowledge，其實(shí)還有另一方面也比較具體可以提及，那就知識(shí)傳遞方式(the way of knowledge transmission)。 看電視和看書(shū)不同，電視有鮮明的動(dòng)畫(huà)(vivid animations)和悅耳的聲音(melodious sound)，這些可以幫助小盆友們更好地吸收知識(shí)(absorb knowledge efficiently)。
那話(huà)說(shuō)回來(lái)，講了這么多，全都是大家熟悉的電視節(jié)目，為什么自己在寫(xiě)作文的時(shí)候就是想不起來(lái)呢? 這是一個(gè)抽象變具體的過(guò)程(abstractions turn into details)，小伙伴們需要敢于并且善于把抽象的事物變具體，就像這個(gè)考題里的，把knowledge變具體，變成不同領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)。
那反過(guò)來(lái)想，為什么考官不給我們具體的方向呢，比如natural science。那題目中的乙方觀點(diǎn)就成了Others say it is good for children to learn natural science。如果題目真這么出的話(huà)，可寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容就太少了，就只能關(guān)注在自然科學(xué)上，其他的領(lǐng)域都不可以寫(xiě)了。所以考官不會(huì)這么出題，會(huì)故意在出題的時(shí)候把范圍擴(kuò)大，那范圍一擴(kuò)大了，關(guān)鍵詞就變得抽象了，真實(shí)目的是不限制大家思路的發(fā)揮。
雅思寫(xiě)作范文：家庭和外界對(duì)孩子造成的影響
Task：A family has a great influence on children's development, but the outside of home plays a bigger part in children's life. Do you agree or disagree?
思路解析：
1. 首先，家庭造成的影響不可小覷。畢竟父母是孩子生命當(dāng)中的第一個(gè)老師，每天陪伴孩子們最長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。舉例，他們直接教會(huì)孩子們基本的生存技能，如語(yǔ)言，做飯，收拾屋子，衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣，以及基本的學(xué)術(shù)能力，如數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算，閱讀，思考和判斷。
2. 然而，其他因素同樣有影響力。舉例，在孩子們的學(xué)術(shù)教育上，學(xué)校的老師影響是第一位的。他們是學(xué)生教育的領(lǐng)路人，教會(huì)他們各個(gè)學(xué)科的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)方式，以及培養(yǎng)他們對(duì)于某些學(xué)科的熱愛(ài)。
3. 媒體同樣對(duì)孩子們的影響很大。舉例，電視和電影鏡頭中的暴力內(nèi)容會(huì)扭曲孩子們的價(jià)值觀，讓他們變得富有侵略性，產(chǎn)生對(duì)于暴力的崇拜，并且錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為采用暴力手段解決問(wèn)題是合適的。
參考范文：
The development of children depends on many factors, including parents, school education, media, peers and so forth. Personally, I agree that the family is less influential than other aspects working together, and my reasons would be explored as below.
Admittedly, the influence of family on children is very deep, because parents, primary teachers in the life of children, set the first role models for them to learn and imitate, and which would be logged into the impressionable childhood mind and determine basic behaviors and thinking of them. For example, by observing and learning the daily activities of parents, like speaking, cooking and house cleaning, washing hands before eating, a child can master the language, self-care ability and hygienic habits. Besides, parents also play a key role in developing the intelligence of children. For instance, with day-to-day teaching, communication and storytelling, a parent can help a child to improve cognitive skills like basic mathematic calculation, memorizing, reading, and thinking and judging in a proper way.
However, I strongly believe outside-of-home elements make greater contributions to the overall growth of children. Firstly, in terms of academic education, teachers in school have priority over parents. For example, compared with some parent who have low-level or even no education, teachers are professionally educated and trained in formal university, and well-experienced in teaching. That is to say, school teachers are more advantageous and influential, in terms of comprehensively and accurately instructing, explaining and demonstrating common knowledge about laws of nature and universe, theories and formulas of math and physics, and events and people in history. What is more, forming social skills also relies on a school environment where children have opportunities to communicate, play and argue with other peers. This strong interpersonal interaction can make children proficient in real-world socialization.
Besides, mass media is another external factor affecting children’s development. For example, violent video on the Internet, TV programs and computer games are very likely to twist social values of the young audience, because children, unlike adults, are lack of abilities to distinguish right from wrong. Therefore, with long-term exposure to ill information, children would be rude, aggressive and self eccentric. As a result, they, more often than not, consider violence as the main or even only way to solve problems, thereby leading to school bullying.
In conclusion, when it comes to the importance in influencing children, other aspects like teachers in school and media override the parents, for the reasons that the formers have incomparable effects on the education, social skills and personalities of children.
(423 words)
雅思寫(xiě)作范文：現(xiàn)代游戲VS傳統(tǒng)游戲
Task：Some people think modern games can help children to develop a wide range of skills, but others argue that traditional games can be much better for developing such skills. What is your opinion?
思路解析：
1. 現(xiàn)代游戲的好處：打電子游戲能鍛煉孩子們的眼手協(xié)調(diào)，反應(yīng)。還有，在處理游戲的數(shù)據(jù)過(guò)程中，孩子們也學(xué)會(huì)了計(jì)算，分析和推導(dǎo)能力。此外，電腦游戲也讓孩子們學(xué)會(huì)使用鼠標(biāo)，鍵盤(pán)和社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
2. 然而，我仍然認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)游戲更好。第一，下棋有效地提高了孩子們的智商和認(rèn)知能力。舉例，孩子們需要學(xué)會(huì)記憶，在大腦中推測(cè)和假設(shè)，還要學(xué)會(huì)將分析視覺(jué)化。
3. 此外，傳統(tǒng)的戶(hù)外游戲，如野外定向運(yùn)動(dòng)，培養(yǎng)了孩子們的生活技能，如識(shí)別地圖，做飯，以及急救知識(shí)。
參考范文：
What kind of games should a child choose to play, modern games or traditional ones? Personally, In terms of contributions of games to improving skills of children, I believe traditional games have a better overall performance, and my reasons will be explored as below.
Admittedly, benefits stemming from modern games should not be ignored. Generally speaking, playing video games is an interactive process that stimulates the neural mechanism of children. By this way, the eye-hand coordination, reaction and decision-making ability can be improved. Many puzzle games also sharpen cognition capacities like calculating, interpreting, logic thinking and reasoning. In addition, another practical skill trained from playing online games is computer operation, such as how to use mouse, keyboard and the Internet, as well as communicate with others by social networking.
However, I still believe traditional games are superior to modern ones, in many aspects. For example, board games, a typical entertainment, improve cognitive skills of children. For example, chess optimizes the memory performance. During a game, a player's mind is driven to actively recall every previous move, as well as recognize techniques and tricks. Secondly, Chess improves the ability of visualization. Before making a move, a child visualizes the possibilities and variations of patterns, and picks the most appropriate action. Thirdly, it also strengthens the concentration, because a player would learn to focus on the main goal--to checkmate and become the victor.
Finally, scouting, a traditional outdoor game, is very beneficial for the independent ability of children, physically and mentally. First, when camping or hiking in forests, these young-age scouts quickly have a high-level proficiency in practical living skills, such as ways of packing, knotting, cooking and firing, reading map and compass for orientation, and first aid skills to coping with illness or injuries.
In conclusion, it is undeniable that advantages brought from traditional games are more than that of modern one. Although technology-based games can make children skilled in operating computer, traditional games like bricks, chess and scouting can do more and better for developing the intelligence, cognitive abilities and independence among children.
(343 words)
雅思寫(xiě)作范文：過(guò)于保護(hù)動(dòng)物
Task：Some people argue that too much attention and too many resources are given to the protection of wild animals and birds.To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Sample answer：
In recent years, animal protection has become an issue of concern. People take different attitudes towards the increasing attention and expenditure on wildlife conservation. Some people suggest that the spending should be redirected to helping other fields in society. I agree with the view that the investment in wildlife protection is not worthwhile.
Animals, as a key component of the whole food chain, have a profound impact on the sustainability of an ecosystem. As we known, every kind of animals plays an important role in natural balance. For instance, the demise of any species will lead to the growth or decline of other species. In some extreme cases, some species may at the verge of extinction such as Dodo bird. If people did not take actions to protect wildlife as soon as possible, we humans would be affected in the end.
However, there are more issues that we need to focus in our society rather than protecting animals. In current social context, the primary task is still to improve living standards since there are many people living under the poverty line. Only when people are in a good living condition, can they pay attention to other social problems. Besides, technology and education are another two aspects of governments to concern. These two industries accelerate the development of society, which will provide a better protection for wildlife in turn.
In conclusion, although the animal is a significant part of ecosystem, it is better for governments to invest more finance and resources in other social problems.
(254 words)
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寫(xiě)作沖刺丨如何展開(kāi)雅思寫(xiě)作大作文分論點(diǎn)
