英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)介詞
英語(yǔ)的介詞有什么作用呢?大家知道嗎?接下來(lái)，小編給大家準(zhǔn)備了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)介詞,歡迎大家參考與借鑒。
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)介詞
1、介詞和種類
(1) 簡(jiǎn)單介詞，常用的有at, in, on, about, across1, before, beside, for , to, without等。
(2) 復(fù)合介詞，如by means2 of, along3 with, because of, in front of, instead5 of等。
2、介詞和其他詞類的習(xí)慣搭配關(guān)系
(1) 和動(dòng)詞的搭配，如agree with, ask for, belong7 to, break away from, care8 about等。
(2) 和形容詞的搭配，如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at
(3) 和名詞的搭配，如answer to , key to, reason9 for, cause4 of, visit to等.
3、介詞短語(yǔ)可以有自己的修飾語(yǔ)，這種修飾語(yǔ)通常有right, just, badly10, all, well, directly, completely等少數(shù)幾個(gè)副詞。如：
He came13 right after dinner.
He lives directly opposite14 the school.
4、 某些介詞的意義與用法舉例
(1) at, on, in(表時(shí)間)
表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等;表示不確定的時(shí)間或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。
指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。
指長(zhǎng)于或短于一天的時(shí)段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。
(2) between, among15(表位置)
between僅用于二者之間，但說(shuō)三者或三者以上中的每?jī)蓚€(gè)之間的相互關(guān)系時(shí)，也用between, 如
I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.
The village lies16 between three hills.
among用于三者或三者以上之間。如：
He is the best among the students.
(3) beside, besides17
beside意為"在…旁邊"，而besides意為"除…之外"。如：
He sat18 beside me.
What do you want besides this?
(4)in the tree, on the tree
in the tree 指動(dòng)物或人在樹(shù)上，而on the tree 指果實(shí)、樹(shù)葉長(zhǎng)在樹(shù)上
(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way
on the way 指在路上 in the way 指擋道
by the way 指順便問(wèn)一句 in this way 用這樣的方法
(6)in the corner, at the corner
in the corner 指在拐角內(nèi) at the corner 指在拐角外
(7)in the morning, on the morning
in the morning 是一般說(shuō)法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨
(8)by bus, on the bus
by bus 是一般說(shuō)法 on the bus 特指乘某一輛車
II. 例題
例1 Do you know any other foreign19 language____ English?
A except20 B but C beside D besides
解析：A、B兩項(xiàng)except等于but，意為"除了…"，C-beside意為"在…旁邊"，不符合題意。而D-besides, 意為"除了…之外，還有"。所以該題正確答案為D。該題意為：除了英語(yǔ)外，你還知道別的語(yǔ)言嗎?
例2 He suddenly21 returned22 ____ a rainy night.
A on B at C in D during23
解析：我們均知道，at night這一短語(yǔ)，但如果night前有修飾詞，表具體的夜晚，則要用介詞on來(lái)修飾，故該題正確答案為A。
例3 I'm looking forward24 ____your letter.
A to B in C at D on
解析：該題正確答案為A。look forward to 為固定搭配，意為"期望、盼望"。
擴(kuò)展：副詞
1、 副詞的種類
(1) 時(shí)間副詞 如：ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等。
(2) 地點(diǎn)副詞 如：here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。
(3) 方式副詞 如：carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。
(4) 程度副詞 如：almost, nearly, much, greatly2, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。
2、 副詞比較等級(jí)的用法
其用法與形容詞相似，只是副詞最高級(jí)前可省略定冠詞。如：
Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully3.
We must work harder.
3、 某些副詞在用法上的區(qū)別
(1) already, yet, still
already表示某事物已經(jīng)發(fā)生，主要用于肯定句;yet表示期待某事發(fā)生，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句;still表示某事還在進(jìn)行，主要用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句，有時(shí)也可用于否定句。如：
We've already watched that film.
I haven't finished my homework yet.
He still works4 until late every night.
(2) too, as well, also, either
too, as well和 also用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句，too和as well多用于口語(yǔ)，一般放在句末，而also多用于書面語(yǔ)，一般放在句中與動(dòng)詞連用。either用于否定句和否定的疑問(wèn)句，往往放在句末。如：He went there too.
He didn't go there either.
I like you as well.
I also went there.
(3) hard, hardly
hardly意為"幾乎"與hard在詞義上完全不同。如：
I work hard every day.
I can hardly remember that.
(4) late, lately5
lately意為"最近、近來(lái)"，late意為"晚、遲"。如：
He never comes late.
Have you been to the museum lately?
4、例題解析
例1 Tom's father thinks he is already ____
A high enough B tall enough
C enough high C enough tall
解析：該題正確答案是B。修飾人高用tall, 而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修飾形容詞要放在形容詞后面。因此該題選B。
例2 ____ the worse I seem to be.
A When I take more medicine
B The more medicine I take
C Taking more of the medicine
D More medicine taken
解析：該題正確答案為B。"the+形容詞比較級(jí)+… , the +形容詞比較級(jí)+…"意為越…，越…。該句意為：吃的藥越多，我的病越是加重。
例3"I haven't been to London yet".
"I haven't been there ____".
A too B also C either D neither
解析：該題正確答案為C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意為否定"兩者都不"，而C-either則用于否定句中，意為"也"。
例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.
A deep B deeply6 C very deep D quite deeply
解析：該題正確答案為B。A. deep用于副詞時(shí)，修飾具體的深，如dig deep,而B(niǎo)-deeply則修飾表示感情色彩的詞，如該題為deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均為副詞，不能互相修飾。
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英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)介詞
