英語數(shù)字表示方法
英語數(shù)字表示方法
在漢英筆譯和英語寫作中,經(jīng)常會遇到數(shù)字;哪些場合用單詞表示,哪些場合用阿拉伯數(shù)字表示,往往使人難以確定,現(xiàn)行語法書中也極少涉及此類問題。下面由學習啦小編為大家整理的關于英語數(shù)字表達方法的內(nèi)容,希望大家喜歡!
英語中純數(shù)字的表達方法
小數(shù)和分數(shù):
0.17 zero point one seven / point seventeen / zero point seventeen
1/2 one half
1/3 one /a third
3/4 three fourths
7'2/ 5seven and two fifths
大于100的數(shù)字:
101 one hundred (and ) one
200 two hundred
998 nine hundred ( and ) ninety'eight
在英語中上面括弧中的and一般不能省略;而在美國英語中卻往往省去。請分析下面的對話:
A:How many people are present in the party last night?
B: That‘s nine hundred and ninety-eight, exactly.
A: Woo, you must be joking. How can you get such an accurate number?
B: Ha, ha…… surely I am joking. You silly goose.
大于1000的數(shù)字:
1001 a/one thousand (and) one
2232 two thousand two hundred (and) thirty'two
900,732,266,043
nine hundred billion seven hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three
英語中一千以上數(shù)字的表達方法是以三位數(shù)為單元,從高到低billion,million,thousand而依次讀出的。因此我們在聽時,可以三位數(shù)三位數(shù)地記錄。試比較下面的對話:
A:Can you tell me exactly the numbers of the whole people in our country?
B:One billion four hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three.
A:Thank you very much.
用英語表達數(shù)字的規(guī)則
1)英美等國的出版社在排版時遵循一條原則,即1至10用單詞表示,10以上的數(shù)目用阿拉伯數(shù)字(也有的以100為界限),這條原則值得我們行文時借鑒。如:
That table measures ten feet by five.
那個工作臺長10英尺,寬5英尺。
The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week.
由一個教授和十名學生每周會晤兩三次,每次授課時間45到50分鐘,是大學程度課堂教學的傳統(tǒng)方式。
(2)大數(shù)目用阿技伯數(shù)字表示顯得更簡潔明了,但不定數(shù)量、近似值用單詞表示較恰當。如:
There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls。
選舉名單上有203817個投票人。
Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election.
近3萬個投票人參加了這次選舉。
(3)遇到日期、百分比、帶單位的特殊數(shù)字,通常用阿拉伯數(shù)字。如:
Maximum swivel of table is l20.
工作臺的最大回轉(zhuǎn)角度是120度。
又如:
?、?rd march l991或3 march l991; a discount of 5 percent(5%的折扣);
②purchased 7 yards of carpet(買7碼地毯);
?、踥rdered 2 pounds of minced steak (訂購2磅剁碎的肉)。
如果涉及的數(shù)目和單位是不定數(shù),可用單詞表示,
如:① about five miles per hour(每小時大約5英里),
?、赼t least ten yards away(至少有10碼遠),
?、踙esitated for a moment or two(猶豫了片刻),
?、躨 have warned you a hundred times(我已經(jīng)警告你多少遍了)。
(4)在科技文章中,數(shù)字頻繁出現(xiàn),用阿拉伯數(shù)字比用單詞陳述更有利,如:
The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 liters and a power out-put of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute。
這臺新發(fā)動機的容積為4.3升,轉(zhuǎn)速為每分鐘4400轉(zhuǎn)時輸出功率是153千瓦。
we know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0℃,and 76cm,pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound.
我們知道,1立方英尺的空氣在0攝氏度和760毫米汞柱壓力下,重量是0.81磅,也就是說12立方英尺空氣的重量是1磅。
(5)句首不用阿拉伯數(shù)字,句末要盡量避免用阿拉伯數(shù)字,
4th July is an important date in American history.
應該寫成the fourth of July...
19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition.
19對選手參加了交際舞比賽。應改寫成:Nineteen couples took…
60% profit was a reported.據(jù)報道有60%的利潤。
應改寫成:Sixty per cent profit…
1345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar.
試驗時在桿的中點加1345公斤力。
可改成When tested, a force of l345 kg was applied…
(6)遇到分數(shù),可用帶連字符號的單詞表示,如:
At 1east two-thirds of the class have had colds. 這個班至少有三分之二的學生患重感冒。
Nitrogen forms about four-fifths of the atmosphere. 氮約占大氣的五分之四。