初三英語上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

　　初三英語上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)(三)

　　(1)修飾動(dòng)詞，表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式、頻度等。一般位于動(dòng)詞之后，如果動(dòng)詞有賓語，則要位于賓語之后。頻度副詞常位于助動(dòng)詞和連系動(dòng)詞be 之后或?qū)嵙x動(dòng)詞之前。例如：He arrived only yesterday. 他是昨天才到的。There were clothes lying here and there on the floor. 地板上到處都是衣服。I have been terribly worried about you all day. 我一整天都非常為你擔(dān)心。She plays the piano very well. 她鋼琴彈得很好。The boy is always asking his parents for money. 那個(gè)男孩老是向他父母要錢。She never goes to the cinema. 她向來不看電影。

　　(2)修飾形容詞、副詞、介詞短語，一般前置，只有enough例外，需要后置。例如：She seems quite happy. 她看上去相當(dāng)愉快。You've done rather badly in the test. 你考得夠糟糕的。The wind was right in our faces. 風(fēng)迎面吹來。This girl is not old enough to go to school. 這個(gè)女孩還沒有到上學(xué)的年齡。He didn't run fast enough to catch the train. 他跑得不夠快，沒有趕上火車。

　　(3)用作表語，多為與介詞同形的副詞和表示方位的副詞。例如：Is anybody in? 里面有人嗎?有人在家嗎?Father is away. 父親離家在外。I am downstairs and my brother is upstairs. 我住樓下，我哥哥住樓上。My friend is still abroad. 我的朋友還在國外。

　　(4)少數(shù)表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的副詞還可用作定語，一般位于名詞之后。例如：I hope you'll enjoy your stay here. 希望你在這里過得愉快。I met a friend of mine on my way home. 在我回家的路上，我碰到一位朋友。What did you think of the meeting yesterday? 你覺得昨天的會(huì)開得怎樣?

　　初三英語上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)(四)

　　并列連詞的用法：

　　1.并列連詞and和or：

　?、賏nd 和or 是用得最多的并列連詞，可以連接：

　　a.兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞： We were singing and dancing all evening. 整個(gè)晚上我們都在唱歌跳舞。

　　b.名詞、形容詞等：This apple is big and red. Would you like fish or beef?

　　c.兩個(gè)并列的分句(句子)：I said it and I meant it. 我說話算數(shù)。

　?、赼nd 可連接兩個(gè)分句，表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 他會(huì)得寸進(jìn)尺。

　?、踥r可連接分句，表示"否則"：

　　Don't drive so fast or you'll have an accident. 別開這么快，不然你會(huì)出車禍。

　　2.表示意思轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞：but, yet:

　?、賐ut和yet的用法：

　　The weather will be sunny but cold. 天氣會(huì)晴朗但很冷。

　　It is strange, yet true. 這很奇怪，卻是真的。

　?、趆owever, still 等為副詞，但可起連接作用，表示意思的轉(zhuǎn)折——“但是”或“然而”。

　　a.however: His first response was to say no. Later, however, he changed his mind.

　　他的第一反應(yīng)是不行，但后來他改變了主意。

　　b.still: It's raining; still I'd like to go. 天在下雨，但我還是要去。

　　③詞組all the same: She is naughty, all the same we have to laugh at her jokes.

　　她很調(diào)皮，但對(duì)她的惡作劇我們還是要發(fā)笑。

　　3.表示因果的連詞：

　?、賔or可以表示“因?yàn)?rdquo;，但引導(dǎo)的不是從句，而是并列分句，對(duì)前面情況加以解釋，常用逗號(hào)把它和前面的分句分開，這在書面語中比較多見。

　　The days were short, for it was now December. 白天很短，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是十二月。

　　She must have gone out early, for she had not come for breakfast.

　　她肯定一早出去了，因?yàn)樗龥]來吃早飯。

　　②so 表示結(jié)果，可譯為“因此”、“所以”。

　　Our cases were heavy, so we took a taxi. 我們的箱子很重，因此我們坐了出租車

　?、踭herefore 為副詞，也表示同樣的意思——“因此”，可放句前：

　　He had gone; she therefore gave the money to me.他走了，于是她把錢給了我。

　　4.both… and的用法

　　A man should have both courage and perseverance.一個(gè)人既要有勇氣又要有毅力。

　　5.就近原則：

　　1)neither…nor… Neither Lucy nor Lily is a League member.

　　2)not only…but also… Not only you but also he likes football.

　　3)either…or… Either Jim or Peter is right.

　　4)not…but… Not Jim but Peter broke the cup.