高二英語(yǔ)必拿下的知識(shí)點(diǎn)
雖然學(xué)習(xí)很忙碌，很辛苦，但我并沒(méi)有覺(jué)得疲倦，我覺(jué)得學(xué)習(xí)很快樂(lè)。看到了自己有了優(yōu)異的成績(jī)，我會(huì)想：學(xué)習(xí)是幸福的，當(dāng)歷盡了千辛而獲得成功時(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)的果實(shí)是那么的甜啊!以下是小編給大家整理的高二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，希望能幫助到你!
高二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總
1. mean to do sth.打算做某事
mean (doing) sth 意味著做某事
be meant for打算給予……，打算做……用
(had) meant to do 本來(lái)打算做而實(shí)際上未做
by all means 可以，當(dāng)然行，沒(méi)問(wèn)題
by means of 借助……的手段;依靠……方法
By no meant絕不，一點(diǎn)兒也不
2. take place發(fā)生
3. do harm/good有害處/好處
4. go to clean graves掃墓
5. in memory of 為了紀(jì)念……
in celebration of為了慶祝……
in favor of贊同……
in praise of為了表?yè)P(yáng)……
6. in the shape of 以……的形狀
7. offer sb sth=offer sth to sb提供某人某物/某物給某人
offer to do sth主動(dòng)提出做某事/建議將做某事
offer (sb) money for sth(向某人)出價(jià)多少買某物
offer (sb) sth for money(向某人)開(kāi)價(jià)多少賣某物
8. dress up裝扮
9. play a trick/tricks on=play a joke/jokes on開(kāi)玩笑
10. the arrival of……的回歸
11. gain independence獲得獨(dú)立
12. the agricultural work農(nóng)活
13. decorate… with用……裝飾……
14. win awards贏得獎(jiǎng)品
15. admire the moon賞月
admire sb for sth因?yàn)椤w慕某人
16. look forward to doing sth期待做某事
17. day and night日日夜夜
18. colourful clothing of all kinds各種各樣的漂亮的衣服
19. as though/if好像
20. be covered with被……覆蓋
21. have fun with取樂(lè)
22. a worldwide holiday全世界的節(jié)日
23. turn up/away/back/down/in/off/on/out/over/to出現(xiàn)/拒絕/原路返回/關(guān)小，拒絕/上交/轉(zhuǎn)變;關(guān)掉/打開(kāi)/證明是;生產(chǎn)/翻轉(zhuǎn)/轉(zhuǎn)向;求助于
in turn輪流/反過(guò)來(lái)
take turns to do sth/in doing sth輪流做某事
do sth by turns輪流干某事
24. laugh at 嘲笑
make fun of取笑
25. keep one’s word/promise守信用，履行諾言
26. hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
27. It is obvious that很明顯……
28. wipe the table擦桌子
29. fall in love with sb愛(ài)上某人
be in love相愛(ài)(與表示一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)詞連用)
get married/be married to sb/ marry sb與某人結(jié)婚
30. once a year一年一次
31. set off出發(fā)
set about著手開(kāi)始
set…against把……與……比較/對(duì)比
set back 使……后退，阻礙，撥慢(鐘表)
set forward前進(jìn)，促進(jìn)，撥快(鐘表)
set down 寫(xiě)下
set out動(dòng)身，出發(fā);攤開(kāi)，陳列;表述(理由)
32. throw…away扔掉
33. remind…of 使……想起……
remind sb to do sth提醒某人干某事
34. forgive sb原諒某人
35. a kind of +n.(s./pl.)+V(單)一種
kinds of +n.(s./pl)+V(復(fù))各種各樣的
36. hold back阻止，退縮
hold on to 抓住，不賣掉，不放棄
hold on 等一等，請(qǐng)稍等，堅(jiān)持，忍受著
hold up 舉起，拿起，延誤，使停頓
hold out伸出
37. starve for渴望，缺乏
starve to death餓死
38. important religious festival重要的宗教性節(jié)日
39. light lamps點(diǎn)燈
40. apologize to sb for (doing) sth因某事向某人道歉
=say sorry to sb for sth
=make/offer an apologize to sb for (doing) sth
apologize to sb for sb替某人向某人道歉
高二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全
1. The French writer Jules Verne wrote famous books, such as 20, 000 Leagues Under the Sea and Around the World in 80 days.法國(guó)作家儒勒?凡爾納寫(xiě)了很多書(shū)籍，比如《海底兩萬(wàn)里》和《八十天環(huán)游地球》。
(1)Jules Verne 儒勒?凡爾納。法國(guó)科學(xué)幻想家和冒險(xiǎn)小說(shuō)家。
(2)such as
①like; for example 像;諸如;例如 eg:
Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.
蘭花和報(bào)春花之類的野花越來(lái)越少了。
②everything that凡是 eg:
Such as remains after tax will be yours when I die.
我死后全部財(cái)產(chǎn)除了交稅以外全部給你。
(3)league [li g] n.
① former measure of distance (about 3 miles or 4.8 km) 里格(舊時(shí)長(zhǎng)度單位，約3英里或4.8公里)。 eg:
The horse can run 50 leagues a day. 這匹馬一天能跑240公里。
②group of people or countries combined for a particular purpose 聯(lián)盟;同盟 eg:
The League of Nations is an international organization.
國(guó)際聯(lián)盟是一個(gè)國(guó)際組織。
2. Try the small science quiz below to see if you know any better. 試試下面的科學(xué)小測(cè)驗(yàn)，看看你是否了解得多些。
any better 更好
any [′anI] adv. (used with faster, slower, better, etc. , in questions and after if/whether 用于疑問(wèn)句中，與faster, slower, better等連用;用于if/whether之后)to any degree; at all在任何程度上;絲毫 eg:
I can’t run any faster. 我無(wú)法跑得更快了。
Is your father any better? 你父親有所好轉(zhuǎn)了嗎?
3. What is the distance from the earth to the moon? 地球到月球的距離是多少?
(1) distance [′dIst ns] n. [C, U]
① (amount of) space between two points or places 距離;間距
A good cyclist can cover a distance of over a hundred miles a day.
自行車騎得好的人一天可以行駛一百多英里。
②distant place or point 遠(yuǎn)處;遠(yuǎn)方 eg:
At a distance of six miles you can’t see much.
距離六英里以外的東西很難看清。
(2) at a distance (稍)遠(yuǎn)處，表示一定的距離，近距離或用以說(shuō)明具體的距離，其不定冠詞a有時(shí)可以略去或改用some。 eg:
This picture looks better at a distance. 這幅畫(huà)遠(yuǎn)看就好些。
(3) in the distance (far away) 在(較)遠(yuǎn)處，強(qiáng)調(diào)距離之遠(yuǎn)。 eg:
They were expecting to see in the distance some signs of the enemy.
他們期望著發(fā)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)處敵人的跡象。
(4) keep sb. at a distance 與某人保持一定距離;不愿與某人親近 eg:
He always keeps anyone at a distance. 他總是不愿與任何人親近：
4. How fast does a balloon travel? How about an airplane? How about a space shuttle?
一只氣球能走多快?一架飛機(jī)呢?還有一架航天飛機(jī)呢?
(1)ballon [b ′lu n] ①n. brightly-coloured rubber bag that is filled with air, used as a child’s toy or a decoration(用作玩具或裝飾品的)氣球 eg:
They bought their son a lot of balloons yesterday.
昨天他們給他們的兒子買了很多氣球。
②v. swell out like a balloon 如氣球一般膨脹 eg:
Her skirt ballooned in the wind. 她的裙子讓風(fēng)吹得鼓起來(lái)了。
③go ballooning 乘氣球 eg:
They like to go ballooning at weekends. 他們周末喜歡乘氣球玩。
(2)How/What about …?……怎么樣?常常用來(lái)打聽(tīng)消息或提出建議，征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)，后接名詞，代詞或動(dòng)名詞。 eg:
How about your mother? Does she feel better today?
你媽媽怎么樣聽(tīng)?她今天覺(jué)得好點(diǎn)兒了嗎?
(3)space shuttle—spacecraft designed for repeated use, eg between earth and a space station or the moon 航天飛機(jī);太空穿梭機(jī) eg:
I have never seen a space shuttle. 我從未看見(jiàn)過(guò)航天飛機(jī)。
高二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
1.做主語(yǔ)：-般來(lái)說(shuō)，不定式和動(dòng)名詞成份相同時(shí)，表示客觀性、一般性行為為多用動(dòng)名詞表示，而表示一次性、具體性行為則多用不定式。
Looking after children is her job.
To clean the classroom is his job today.
2.做賓語(yǔ)：
I like swimming, but I don't like to swim today because I don't feel well.
(1).有些動(dòng)詞只能接不定式做賓語(yǔ)，這些動(dòng)詞接上不定式，含有明顯的主觀性和將來(lái)性意義。如：help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，(happen，seem)，等等。
He refused to speak on the radio.
He desired to see you.
(2)..有些動(dòng)詞只接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，這些動(dòng)詞接上動(dòng)名詞，含有明顯的"依據(jù)往事或經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)作出理解和判斷"的意思。mind，finish，enjoy，suggest，permit，appreciate，consider，miss，dislike，keep(on)，avoid，permit，imagine，risk，escape，admit，stand(忍受)，allow，forbid，excuse，等等。
短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：give up，put off，look forward to，feel like，insist on，object to，prevent…from，set about，can't help，be/get used to等
短語(yǔ)：be worth doing，be no good doing，be no use doing，be busy doing等
The mother did agree to let the boy risk swimming across the river.
She can't stand having nothing to do at home.
His wife doesn't allow smoking inside the room and often advised him to give up smoking.
All the family insisted on my staying with them a few days longer.
It's no good learning without practicing.
I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.
She doesn't feel like eating anything，being ill for a few days.
(3).有些動(dòng)詞后面既可接不定式，又可接動(dòng)名詞，其意義基本相同，區(qū)別不大。如;like，love，hate，delay，continue，attempt(企圖)，afford(提供)，prefer.omit(省略)，begin，start.
The Einsteins, however, could not afford to pay for(or：paying for)the advanced education that young Albert needed.
I prefer staying (to stay) at home on Sunday.
注意：begin和start本身為進(jìn)行時(shí)，或后面動(dòng)詞為心理變化意義的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，須接不定式。
When we came in, they were beginning to have supper.
After his explanation, I began to understand it / realize that I was wrong.
(4).有些詞后面既可以接不定式.亦可接動(dòng)名詞，但其意義有很大區(qū)別，須特別注意：
A.remember，forget，regret接動(dòng)名詞，表示完成意義(=having done)，接不定式，表示將來(lái)意義：
Please remember to bring me the book I want next time.
I remember seeing her (=having seen her) somewhere before.
Don't forget to write to me soon.
I never forget visiting (=having visited) them for the first time.
I regret missing that good film last week.(后悔干……事)
I regret not taking (not having taken) your advice.
I regret to say I can't take your advice. (遺憾=be sorry)
B.mean：mean to do=want to do打算，想要……;mean doing：意味著，就是
I am sorry, I didn't mean to hurt your feelings，
I meant to call on you, but I was so busy.
Learning a foreign language doesn't mean just working in class.
C.stop：stop to do停下來(lái)，要干另一件事，不定式作目的狀語(yǔ);stop doing停止干……，動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。
After some time, they stopped walking and had a rest.
After walking some time, they stopped to have a rest.
D.try：try to do，努力，試圖干……事;try doing：試著干……事
He searched everywhere and tried to find his key.
He came to the city from the countryside and tried to find a job.
The mother is out and the boy had to try cooking for himself.
They tried to succeed and tried doing their experiments again and again.
E.want，need，require接動(dòng)名詞表示被動(dòng)意義，表示"需要、該……";接不定式，表示"想，要干……"
The room wants cleaning.
The bike requires repairing.
These young trees require looking after.
The matter needs thinking over.(=to be thought over)
A Mr. Wang wants to see you.
You don't need to leave so early.
F.go on：go on to do繼續(xù)干和原來(lái)不同的另一件事，不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。
go on doing繼續(xù)干原來(lái)同一件事，動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。
After a smoke，he went on telling us that interesting story.
After writing his English composition he went on to work out his maths problems.
G.動(dòng)詞advise，allow，permit，forbid后面接單賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞，接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用動(dòng)詞不定式。
Doctors advise giving up smoking to benefit one's health.
The doctor advised him to give up smoking so as to improve his health.
She doesn't allow (permit) smoking in her room.=She doesn't allow (permit)anyone to smoke in her room.
Parking is forbidden here.=Any cars not permitted to park here.
3.做賓補(bǔ)：
不定式可以表示一次性、具體性行為，以及將來(lái)意義的行為。現(xiàn)在分詞可以表示當(dāng)時(shí)正在發(fā)生的進(jìn)行意義的行為，亦可表示-個(gè)持續(xù)時(shí)間的延續(xù)性的行為動(dòng)作。過(guò)去分詞可以表示完成意義的行為或狀態(tài)，及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞亦有被動(dòng)意義，不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞仍是主動(dòng)意義。
When I came in, I saw her dancing happily.
I often hear her sing songs in English in her room.
They had the lights burning all night long.
I saw Li Ping pass by and enter the next room just now.
The mother will have the doctor examine her son again.
Tomorrow I'll have my hair cut.
When I got home I found the window broken and the thief gone away already.
When they returned to their hometown, after an absence of twenty years, they found everything changed.
4.做表語(yǔ)：
不定式和動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)解釋主語(yǔ)內(nèi)容，且可以和主語(yǔ)顛倒，意思仍然通順，回答what的問(wèn)題。它們有時(shí)存在經(jīng)常性和一次性行為的區(qū)別，分詞做表語(yǔ)表明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài)，不能和主語(yǔ)顛倒，可以回答how的問(wèn)題。
Her job is cleaning offices.(What is her job?) (Cleaning offices is her job.)
Our job today is to clean the office.(=To clean the office is our job today.)
The news is very exciting.(How is the news?)
They are very tired after a long walk.
The door is locked now.
The children are well dressed these days.
5.做定語(yǔ)：
不定式做定語(yǔ)與先行詞有動(dòng)賓、主謂和解釋先行詞內(nèi)容等關(guān)系。在時(shí)態(tài)上常是將來(lái)意義，現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)意義;過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)則是完成時(shí)態(tài)意義。此外，不定式做定語(yǔ)時(shí)只能后置，不可前置，而單個(gè)分詞做定語(yǔ)可前置，分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)則須后置。動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)，須前置，且要重讀，它表明先行詞的用途。而分詞做定語(yǔ)表明先行詞的性質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài)。
a swimming boy=a boy who is swimming
a swimming pool=a pool for swimming
the boiling water=the water that is boiling
drinking water=water for drinking
Today I have a letter to write.
Please find a man to help us.
It is a good chance to practise your spoken English.
I like reading books written by Lu Xun.
The woman standing over there is our English teacher.
The house to be built (=which will be built/which is to be built) next year will be our new library.
The house being built (=which is being built) now will be our new library.
The house built (=which was built) last year is our new library now.
6.做狀語(yǔ)：
不定式和分詞做狀語(yǔ)各有不同分工。動(dòng)詞不定式多做目的、結(jié)果和原因狀語(yǔ)，且多放在句末;分詞可以表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式狀語(yǔ)，多置于句首，做伴隨狀語(yǔ)，多放在后面。單獨(dú)的動(dòng)名詞不能做狀語(yǔ)，在介詞后形成介詞短語(yǔ)，從而做狀語(yǔ)。
(1).目的狀語(yǔ)：通常有不定式表示，由于不定式的客觀性和將來(lái)性特征。不定式前還可加上in order，so as來(lái)加強(qiáng)說(shuō)話的口氣。但so as to通常不用于句首。
The Smiths have gone to London to spend their holidays.
I came here (in order/so as) to hear the report.
In order to(不用so as to) see better, we took front seats.
(2).時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般位于句首，表示的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，有時(shí)現(xiàn)在分詞前可以加上時(shí)間連詞。如果分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成體形式。過(guò)去分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成同時(shí)性和被動(dòng)意義。分詞前有時(shí)加上時(shí)間連詞。
Arriving (=When he arrived) at the bus stop, he found his sister there.
Waiting (=When I was waiting) to see the doctor, I met with a friend of mine.
Having (=When we have) made full preparations, we are ready for an examination.
Having (=When he had) finished his homework, he went to bed.
After finishing his homework, he went to bed.
Seen (=When the town is seen) from the hill, the town looks more beautiful.
Locked (=When he was looked) up in the room, he found himself isolated from the outer world.
When asked to make a speech, he said he was glad to do so.
Once recovered, he went all out to do his work.
(3).原因狀語(yǔ)：不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)往往用于形容詞之后,這些形容詞通常是happy, sorry, fortunate, angry, glad, ashamed, discouraged, delighted, frightened, shocked等。分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于原因狀語(yǔ)從句。一般位于句首。
I am sorry to hear that you are not well.
I'm very sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
We are greatly delighted to have a native as our guide.
Being (=Since he was) ill all last year, he lived in a sanatorium.
There being no enough money, he couldn't buy the dictionary that he wanted.
Having (=Since they had) been asked to stay, they couldn't possibly leave right away.
Moved (=As he was moved) by the heroic deeds of the PLA man, he burst into tears.
(4).條件狀語(yǔ)：通常用分詞來(lái)表示，相當(dāng)于條件狀語(yǔ)從句。一般位于句首。
Turning (=If you turn) to the left，you will see the post office.
United (=If we are united), we stand; divided (=if we are divided), we fall.
Given (=If he had been given) more time, he would be able to do better.
(5).結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)通常用于so+形容詞或副詞+as to，such+名詞+as to，too…to，enough to和only to等結(jié)構(gòu)。
現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)果。
He arrived late to find the train gone.
I worked late into the night, only to find I had not finished half of the job.
He was so friendly as to be always helpful to his neighbours.
His is such a sad story as to arouse out sympathy。
I ran faster than ever, reaching the schoolyard quite out of breath.
The man died young, leaving nothing but debt.
(6).讓步狀語(yǔ)：通常有過(guò)去分詞來(lái)表示，而且前面通常有表示讓步意義的though。
Though wounded, the soldier managed to get to the village safely.
Though warned of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.
(7).伴隨或方式狀語(yǔ)：分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)通常位于句尾，表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞正在所處主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)的狀態(tài)。
Chinese businessmen, taxi drivers and students talk with them using English.
She came running towards us.
They walked along the streets, talking and laughing.
He went into the house, followed by some children.
He continued to walk up and down, lost in thought.
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