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　　英語課外閱讀1

　　So, you started your day checking social media sitesor chat rooms where vitriol-laced personal attacks, especially about politics, have become the norm. Then, when you stopped off to pick up a few thingson your way to work, some guy with too many itemsin the express checkout line ran his cart over yourtoe with no hint of an apology. By the time a fellowmotorist (or several) had cut you off in traffic, perhaps with a rude hand gesture or two, wasn't ita relief to get to the office?

　　每天早上起得床來，打開手機(jī)在社交媒體或網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天室逛上一圈，聽聽鍵盤俠們開地圖炮，就政治問題一頓互噴;吃完早飯取個快遞，一位外賣小哥的電瓶車軋到了你的腳趾頭，連句道歉都沒有，便風(fēng)馳電掣而去;開車上班路上，一個哥們兒車走龍蛇，強(qiáng)行變道超了你，還對你豎了個中指。這樣一比較，坐在辦公室里上班是不是要開心多了?

　　If you're like most other Americans, the answer is a definite yes. A survey of 1,481 workingadults earlier this year, by public relations firm Weber Shandwick and KRC Research, found that 93% think public rudeness is on the rise, and most (69%) see that as a "major problem." Moreover, it's getting worse.

　　如果你也是個普通老百姓，那么答案必然是肯定的。今年年初，公關(guān)公司萬博宣偉和KRC研究公司對1481名美國職場人進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，93%的人認(rèn)為公共場合中的粗魯行為正變得越來越多，大多數(shù)人(69%)認(rèn)為這是一個“重要問題”。而這種“禮崩樂壞”現(xiàn)象正變得愈發(fā)嚴(yán)重。

　　Weber Shandwick has conducted this survey annually since 2010, and found in 2016 thatpeople reported encountering an average of 6.2 instances per week of obnoxious behavior oruncalled-for speech. Just two years later, the number of weekly "incidents of incivility" had shotup to 10.6.

　　萬博宣偉自2010年開始每年都會進(jìn)行這樣一次調(diào)查。2016年該公司發(fā)現(xiàn)，普通人每周平均會遭遇6.2起不文明行為或不必要的口角之爭。僅僅兩年后，這個數(shù)字已經(jīng)飆升到10.6起。

　　The exception, it seems, is the workplace. More than 90% of us see work as a "civility safetyzone," the study says, up somewhat from 86% two years ago.

　　唯一的例外，貌似就是職場了。研究認(rèn)為，超過九成的人認(rèn)為職場是個“文明安全地帶”，這個比例要高于兩年前的86%。

　　Not only that, but workplaces are apparently getting more civil as time goes by. For instance, 2011, when companies were still reeling from the Great Recession, was a very rude year. Wellover one in three employees (43%) reported being on the receiving end of one or more "incidents of incivility."

　　不僅如此，隨著時間的推移，職場還顯然變得越來越文明。比如2011年，所有企業(yè)在金融危機(jī)的沖擊下自身難保時，有三分之一以上(43%)的受訪者表示，他們在職場中遭遇了一起以上的“不文明行為”。

　　By 2018, that had declined to 29%—markedly lower than the number who said they have runinto rudeness online (39%), while shopping (39%), or while driving (also 39%).

　　而到2018年，這個比例已降至29%，明顯低于他們在上網(wǎng)時(39%)、購物時(39%)或駕車時(39%)遭遇的不文明行為。

　　Why are people nicer to each other at work than elsewhere?

　　為什么人們在職場中會變得更友好?

　　It's partly simple self-interest, of course. Less-than-courteous driving or letting loose with anonline screed is, after all, unlikely to cost anyone his or her next raise or promotion, whilebeing on one's best behavior in any professional setting is generally a common-sense careermove. It's no coincidence that, while Facebook and Twitter are crawling with trolls, LinkedIn isnot.

　　當(dāng)然，這在一定程度上是出于自身利益。畢竟不文明駕駛或者網(wǎng)絡(luò)暴力不會導(dǎo)致一個人失去升職加薪的機(jī)會，然而在職場中，你要時時保持自己的專業(yè)形象，這一點(diǎn)早就是職場人的共識了。這就是為什么Facebook和推特都在跟假新聞和網(wǎng)絡(luò)暴力作斗爭，而領(lǐng)英卻完全沒有這個麻煩。

　　But the research also suggests there's more to it. Recent trends in how companies operateseem to have the welcome (if inadvertent) effect of encouraging coworkers to play nice.

　　但研究也表明，除此之外，還有其他一些因素。最近，企業(yè)界的潮流是鼓勵文明友善的工作環(huán)境。

　　"CEOs, and managers at all levels, now are focused on collaboration, and on creating acollegial 'Best Places to Work' culture, in order to attract the best available talent," observesLeslie Gaines-Ross, Weber Shandwick's chief reputation strategist, who has been overseeingthe civility surveys for the past decade. "That emphasis on teamwork really requires civilinteractions between people."

　　萬博宣偉的首席聲譽(yù)策略師萊斯利·蓋恩斯-羅斯常年從事對社會不文明行為的研究，他表示：“企業(yè)CEO和各級經(jīng)理現(xiàn)在都很關(guān)注協(xié)作問題，并致力于打造一個‘最佳工作環(huán)境’，以吸引最優(yōu)秀的人才。而團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，則需要人與人之間的良好互動。”

　　Nonetheless, even in workplaces where courtesy rules, a significant minority of employeesbelieves there's more to be done.

　　盡管如此，即便是在一個相互尊重的工作環(huán)境里，也有相當(dāng)一部分員工認(rèn)為，在禮貌問題上還有很大的提升空間。

　　Asked what changes they'd like to see by 2025, 32% said that gratuitous nastiness "will beconsidered a form of harassment," and 32% hope that "civility training will be mandatory."

　　當(dāng)被當(dāng)被問到2025年他們希望看到什么變化時，有32%的受訪者表示，他們希望莫名其妙的污言穢語“將被認(rèn)定為一種性騷擾”。還有32%的受訪者表示：“希望文明培訓(xùn)成為一門必修課”。

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