一般過去時的用法與定義詳細
一般過去時是英語學習者學習以及英語從教者教授的一大難點,其用法你了解多少呢?以下是由學習啦小編整理關于一般過去時的用法的內容,希望大家喜歡!
一般過去時的用法
一、概述
1.表示在的過去某個時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。
時間狀語有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。 如:
1)I was at the zoo yesterday. 昨天我在動物園。
2)I went to bed at eleven last nigth. 昨晚我11:00睡覺。 2.表示在過去一段時間內,經常性或習慣性的動作。
1)When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我在小的時候,我經常在街道上踢足球。
2)My father often drove to work last year. 去年,我爸爸經常開車上班。
二、句子結構
1.在表示某個時間里存在的狀態(tài)的句子,系動詞用過式was,were構成。 如:
(1)I was at home yesterday. 昨天我在家。
(2)We were in the gym just now. 剛才我們在體育館。
2.在表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作,用動詞的過去式構成。 如:I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜訪了我的叔叔。
3.各種句式
(1)一般過去時的肯定陳述句:
主語 + 動詞過去式 + 賓語或表語。
He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.
(2)一般過去時的否定句:
a.主語 + didn’t + 動詞原形 + 賓語。 (did + not = didn't)
He didn't do morning exercises yesterday. b.主語 + wasn’t/weren’t +表語。(was + not = wasn't were + not = weren't)
He wasn't an English teacher ten years ago.
(3)一般過去時的一般疑問句:
a.Did + 主語 + 動詞原形 + 賓語 ? Did you study English in 1990 ?
b.Was/Were + 主語 + 表語 ?
Was he a pupil five years ago ?
(4)一般過去時的特殊疑問句:
a.特殊疑問詞 + did + 主語 + 動詞原形 + 賓語? Where did your parents live five years ago? What did you do last Sunday?
b.特殊疑問詞 + were/was + 表語? Who was at the zoo yesterday?
三、時間特征
在一般過去時句子中,通常與下列表示過去的時間狀語連用:yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, the day before yesterday(前天), last night, last week, last month, last year, a moment ago(剛才), just now(剛才), two days ago, a week ago, in 1990,
四、動詞過去式的構成規(guī)律
(一)規(guī)則動詞的過去式
1.一般情況下,在動詞原形后面加-ed。 look→looked play→played start→started visit→visited
2.以不發(fā)音e結尾的動詞,在詞尾直接加-d。 live→lived use→used
3.以“輔音字母+ y”結尾的動詞,先將 y 改為i ,再加 –ed。 study→studied, try→tried fly→flied
4.以重讀閉音節(jié)(即輔音+元音+輔音)或r音節(jié)結尾,末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞,要先雙寫這個輔音字母后,再加 –ed。
stop→stopped plan→planned, prefer→preferred
(二)不規(guī)則動詞的過去式 1.改變動詞中的元音
begin→began drink→drank
come→came eat→ate grow→grew run→ran know→knew
win→won speak→spoke take→took write→wrote get→got
2.變詞尾的–d 為–t build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent bend→bent
3.與動詞原形一樣 cut→cut put→put cost→cost hurt→hurt shut→shut
4.變-ay 為-aid (少數(shù)動詞) say→said pay→paid lay→laid
5.采用不同詞根: sell→sold teach→taught buy→bought
6.其他 am/is→was,
一般過去時定義詳細講解
1、表示過去某個特定時間或某一段時間發(fā)生的動作或情況。這種用法的過去時間可以是指明的,也可以是不指明的。
例句:
He never smoked.他以前從不吸煙。
The skies cleared after lunch.午飯后天放晴了。
2、在表示時間或條件等的狀語從句中代替過去將來時。
例句:
We would not leave until he came back.他回來我們才會離開。
I didn’t go to the party that evening as I started the next day.那天晚上我沒有去參加聚會,因為我第二天就要出發(fā)。
3、表示現(xiàn)在時間。這種用法使句子在語氣上較為婉轉客氣,能這樣用的動詞為數(shù)不多,如:hope,wish,want,wonder,think,intend等。
例句:
I hoped you would come and have dinner with us.我希望你能來和我們一起吃飯。
I thought I might come and see you later this evening.我想我可以在今晚晚些時候來見你吧。
Did you want to see me now?你現(xiàn)在想見我嗎?
4、表示將來發(fā)生的事或過去將來發(fā)生的事。
例句:
He said that the investigation started the next day.他說調查次日開始。
She told me that school opened on the following day.她告訴我學校將在次日開學。
5、表示過去的習慣動作。
例句:
When he was in the city,he often went to the Central Supermarket.他在這座城市期間常去中央商場。
Wherever he travelled in those years,he wrote down what he saw and heard.那些年里,他每到一個地方旅行總會把所見所聞記下來。
6、表示某種感情色彩。
You asked for it!你這是自找!
Did you ever hear of such a thing?你聽見過這種事嗎?
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