讓步狀語從句的用法
讓步狀語從句的用法
讓步狀語從句是狀語從句中的一種,其本身也是狀語從句。一般翻譯為“盡管……”或“即使……”,就是我們日常生活中用的“退一步說…”。那么你知道讓步狀語從句的用法嗎?下面跟著學習啦小編學習一下吧。
一、讓步狀語從句的用法:
1、though, although
表示“雖然,縱然”之意
這兩個連詞意思大致相同,在一般情況下可以互換使用。在口語中,though較常使用,although比though正式,二者都可與yet,still或nevertheless連用,但不能與but連用。例如:
I will remains firm though I must lower my physical sights.盡管我得降低體育(鍛煉)的目標,但我的意志是堅強的。
Though I believe it,yet I must consider.盡管我相信這一點,但我還得考慮考慮。
Although/Though he was exhausted,(still) he kept on working.雖然他已經(jīng)精疲力竭了,但仍然繼續(xù)工作。
Although/Though he is very old,(yet) he is quite strong.他雖然年紀大了,身體還很健壯。
值得注意的是,although引導的讓步狀語從句位于主句之前的情況較多,though引導的讓步狀語從句可位于主句之前或主句之后。例如:
She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard. 她雖然不用功學習,考試卻及格了。
2、as(though)
表示“雖然…但是”,“縱使…”之意
as引導的讓步狀語從句必須以部分倒裝的形式出現(xiàn),被倒裝的部分可以是表語、狀語或動詞原形,though也可用于這樣的結構中,但although不可以這樣用。例如:
Object as/though you may, I’ll go.(=Though/Although you may object, I’ll go.)縱使你反對,我也要去。
Hard as/ though he works,he makes little progress. (=Though he works hard,he makes little progress.)盡管他學習很努力,但幾乎沒取得什么進步。
Child as/though he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.(=Though he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do.)雖然他是一個孩子,但他知道該做什么。
Fast as you read, you can’t finish the book so soon.縱然你讀得快,你也不能這么快讀完這本書。
Lover of towns as I am,I realize that I owe a debt to my early country life.盡管我愛城市,但我知道,以往的鄉(xiāng)村生活使我受益匪淺。
Small as atome are, they are made up of still smaller units.盡管原子很小,但它們由更小的單位構成。
由這一個復合連詞引導的讓步狀語從句旨在說明正反兩方面的可能性都不會影響主句的意向或結果,所以它的語氣是比較強烈的,從而也更加堅定了主句的內容。例如:
You'll have to attend the ceremony whether you're free or busy.不管你忙不忙,都要參加這個典禮。
Whether you believe it or not,it's true.無論你是否相信,這都是真的。
Whether or not they win this battle,they won't win the war.不管他們是否能贏得這次戰(zhàn)役,他們絕不會贏得這場戰(zhàn)爭。
3、“no matter+疑問詞=疑問詞-ever
含義為“……都……;不管……都……”
它們引導的讓步狀語從句可以互換。例如:
No matter what happened, he would not mind. (=Whatever happened,he would not mind.)無論發(fā)生了什么事情,他都不會介意的。
No matter who you are, you must keep the law.(=Whoever you are,you must keep the law.)不管你是誰,你都需要遵紀守法。
When anyone does something for you, no matter how samll and no matter whether he's a superior or servant, it's proper to say“Thank you”.只要任何人替你做了一件事,不管事情多么微不足道,也不管他是你的上司還是你的仆人,你都應該說聲“謝謝”。
但“no matter+疑問詞”結構只能引導讓步狀語從句,而“疑問詞-ever”還可以引導名詞性從句。例如:
Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I won’t believe you. (Whatever 引導讓步狀語句)無論你說什么,我都不會相信你。
I'll eat whatever (≠no matter what) you give me. (whatever引導賓語從句)你給我吃什么,我就吃什么。
Whoever comes will be welcome. (Whoever 引導主語從句)不管誰來都受到歡迎。
此外,有時while也可以引導讓步狀語從句,但一般要位于句首。例如:
While I like the colour, I don't like the shape.我雖然喜歡那顏色,但不喜歡那形狀。
綜上所述,我們可以看出,學習讓步狀語從句的關鍵是關聯(lián)詞的選用;其次,要注意的是由as引導的讓步狀語從句要用倒裝語序。
4、whether...or...
表示“不論是否……”,“不管是……還是……”之意。
二、注意事項:
1、even if 與even though 的區(qū)別 兩者均可用于引導讓步狀語從句,其細微區(qū)別是:
even if 引導的從句是往往是假設性的,相當于漢語的“即使”“縱然”“就算”“哪怕”。如:
They’ll stand by you even if you don’t succeed. 即使你不成功,他們也會支持你。
Even if I have to walk all the way I’ll get there. 即使我得一路走著去,我也要走到那里。
Even if it rains tomorrow, we won’t change our plan. 即使明天下雨,我們也決不改變計劃。
For my part, I plan to go to the party even if you decide not to go. 至于我,即使你決定不去參加晚會我也會去的。
Even if you saw him pick up the money, you can’t be sure he stole it. 就算你看見是他拾起的錢,你也不能肯定錢就是他偷的。
正因為even if從句的內容通常是假設性的,所以有時還可用于虛擬語氣;這樣用的even if 與單獨使用的if比較接近。如:
Even if he had the money, he wouldn’t buy it. 他即使有錢也不會買它。
I would have married her even if she had been penniless. 即使她身無分文,我也會和她結婚。
2、even though 引導的從句內容往往是真實的,主要用于引出不利用于主句情況的信息,相當于漢語的“盡管”“雖然”。如:
He went out even though it was raining. 盡管在下雨,他還是出去了。
Even though it’s hard work, I enjoy it. 雖然工作艱苦,我還是很喜歡。
He’s the best teacher even though he has the least experience. 他盡管經(jīng)驗最少,但教得最好。
Even though I didn’t know anybody at the party, I had a nice time. 盡管這次聚會上我誰也不認識,我也玩得挺痛快。
這樣用的even though與though或although的意思比較接近,許多時候可以互換(注意:英語可以說though和even though,但不能說even although)。如:
Even though [Thought, Although] I felt sorry for him, l was secretly pleased tha t he was having difficulties. 雖然我為他感到惋惜,但對他的困難卻暗自高興。
Even though [Thought, Although] we all tried our best, we lost the game. 雖然我們已盡了最大的力量,但還是輸了。
3、不過,在實際語言運用中,even if與even though有時也可不加區(qū)別地混用。如:
Even if [Even though] she laughs at him, he likes her. 盡管她嘲笑他,他還是很喜歡她。
We thoroughly understand each other, even if [even though] we don’t always agree. 我們彼此非常了解,雖然有時候也有一些分歧。
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