高三英語(yǔ)第一輪模擬考知識(shí)點(diǎn)
. 沒(méi)有比時(shí)間更容易虛擲，更值得珍惜的事，倘若沒(méi)有時(shí)間，我們?cè)谑郎蠈⒁皇聼o(wú)成。 必須記住我們學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間有限的。時(shí)間有限，不只由于人生短促，更由于人事紛繁。珍惜時(shí)間，好好學(xué)習(xí)，以下是小編給大家整理的高三英語(yǔ)第一輪模擬考知識(shí)點(diǎn)，希望能幫助到你!
高三英語(yǔ)第一輪模擬考知識(shí)點(diǎn)1
1. 對(duì)在句中作時(shí)間、條件、原因還是別的狀語(yǔ)不是很清楚。
2.分不清何時(shí)用現(xiàn)在分詞、何時(shí)用過(guò)去分詞。
解決辦法：
1.理解分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句。
2.分清何時(shí)用現(xiàn)在分詞、何時(shí)用過(guò)去分詞。
用法講解：
1. 分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以表示時(shí)間、原因、讓步、條件，方式或伴隨狀況。通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句;表示方式或伴隨狀況時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)換成并列句或非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。例如：
Put into use in April 2000 (=When it was put into use in April 2000), the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. 分詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network (=Because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network), Alice was in low spirits. 分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)
Given time (=If he is given time), he’ll make a fist-class tennis player. 分詞短語(yǔ)作條件狀語(yǔ)
We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, thinking that all children like these things. (= and think that all children like these things.) 分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)
2. 有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，分詞前可帶when, while, if, though, as if, unless等連詞一起作狀語(yǔ)，以便使句子的意思更清楚、更連貫。例如：
When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
Though tired, he still continued reading.
3. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的用法比較。
不管是現(xiàn)在分詞還是過(guò)去分詞單獨(dú)作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與主句的主語(yǔ)一致。分詞作狀語(yǔ)通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成一個(gè)相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句或并列句，如果狀語(yǔ)分句或并列句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，就用過(guò)去分詞;如果狀語(yǔ)分句或并列句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，就用現(xiàn)在分詞。例如：
When compared with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
分詞部分相當(dāng)于When the biggest ocean is compared with the size of the whole earth, 主語(yǔ)與分詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞。
When comparing it with the size of the whole earth, we find that the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
When we compare it with the size of the whole earth... 主語(yǔ)與分詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系, 所以用現(xiàn)在分詞。
Faced with a bill for,000(=Because he is faced with a bill for,000), John has taken an extra job.
Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always saying the same thing (= and he would say the same thing).
注意：
1. 現(xiàn)在分詞有兩種時(shí)態(tài)：一般式doing和完成式having done。一般式通常表示與主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或無(wú)先后;完成式則強(qiáng)調(diào)分詞所表示的動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作。如：
While walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.(同時(shí)發(fā)生)
Having waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (“等待”先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“意識(shí)到”)
2. 分詞的否定式的構(gòu)成: not +分詞。 Not having received a reply, he decided to write again.
高三英語(yǔ)第一輪模擬考知識(shí)點(diǎn)2
1) quite 相當(dāng);quiet 安靜地
2) affect v. 影響, 假裝;effect n. 結(jié)果, 影響
3) adapt 適應(yīng);adopt 采用;adept 內(nèi)行
4) angel 天使;angle 角度
5) dairy 牛奶廠;diary 日記
6) contend 奮斗, 斗爭(zhēng);content 內(nèi)容, 滿(mǎn)足的;context 上下文;contest 競(jìng)爭(zhēng), 比賽
7) principal 校長(zhǎng), 主要的;principle 原則
8) implicit 含蓄的;explicit 明白的
9) dessert 甜食;desert 沙漠v 放棄;dissert 寫(xiě)論文
10) pat 輕拍;tap 輕打;slap 掌擊;rap 敲，打
11) decent 正經(jīng)的;descent n 向下, 血統(tǒng);descend v 向下
12) sweet 甜的;sweat 汗水
13) later 后來(lái);latter 后者;latest 最近的;lately adv 最近
14) costume 服裝;custom 習(xí)慣
15) extensive 廣泛的;intensive 深刻的
16) aural 耳的;oral 口頭的
17) abroad 國(guó)外;aboard 上(船，飛機(jī))
高三英語(yǔ)第一輪模擬考知識(shí)點(diǎn)3
1. Since從句為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，時(shí)間的起點(diǎn)應(yīng)該從從句動(dòng)作完成時(shí)刻算起。
例如：
Things have changed a lot since I wrote to you last time.
自我上次給你寫(xiě)信之后，情況已發(fā)生了很大的變化。
She has lived with us since she has come here.
自從她來(lái)到這里，就一直和我們住在一起。
2. Since從句為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的結(jié)束。其含義與動(dòng)詞的詞義恰好相反，具有否定意味。
例如：
All has changed since he was at home.
自從他離開(kāi)家以后，這里的一切都變了。
I haven’t written to her since she lived in London.
自從離開(kāi)倫敦以來(lái)，我還沒(méi)有給她寫(xiě)過(guò)信。
He has never been to see me since I was ill.
自從我病愈以來(lái)，他一直沒(méi)有來(lái)看我。
Two years have passed since I last smoked.
我戒煙已經(jīng)兩年了。
但如果since從句是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，則表示動(dòng)作由開(kāi)始延續(xù)至說(shuō)話(huà)的時(shí)候，具有肯定意味。
例如：
He has never been to see me since I have been ill.
自從我生病以來(lái)，他一直沒(méi)有來(lái)看我。
She has talked little since she has stayed at home.
自從她呆在家里以后，就很少講話(huà)。
Since we have owned a car， we have gone camping every year.
自從我們有了汽車(chē)后，年年都去野營(yíng)。
3. 在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，since從句是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)，有時(shí)候也可以表示肯定意味。此時(shí)，多半用ever來(lái)加強(qiáng)since的語(yǔ)義。
例如：
She has known me ever since she was a child.
她從小就認(rèn)識(shí)我了。
I have live here ever since I was born.
我生下來(lái)就住在這里。
4. 在it is+時(shí)間+since從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，since從句是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)，含有肯定意味。
例如：
It is three years since her husband left her.
她丈夫離開(kāi)她已經(jīng)3年了。
It is over sixty years since the People’s Republic of China was established.
中華人民共和國(guó)已經(jīng)成立60多年了。
5. 在it is+時(shí)間+since從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，since從句是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)，含有否定的意味。
例如：
It is three years since she stayed here.
她離開(kāi)這里已經(jīng)3年了。
How long is it since you were a league member?
你_有多久了?
6. 在it is+時(shí)間+since從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，since從句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)，均含有否定意味。
例如：
It is five years since we have seen her.
我們已經(jīng)5年沒(méi)有見(jiàn)她了。
It was years since I had seen her.
在那之前，我已經(jīng)有好久沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到她了。
It’s been a long time since I’ve seen you.
我已經(jīng)很久沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到你了。
另外，①根據(jù)英語(yǔ)慣用法，since從句不可以否定形式出現(xiàn)。
例如：
It is four years since I have smoked a cigarette. 我已經(jīng)4年不抽煙了。
不可說(shuō)：It is four years since I haven’t smoked a cigarette.
但由于下句中的since不作“自從”解，所以從句可以用否定形式。
例如：
I haven’t been out anywhere since I don’t know how long.
也不知多久了，我哪兒也沒(méi)去過(guò)。
②Since從句通常不與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定式連用。
例如：
Her mother died when she was a child.
她小時(shí)候母親就去世了。
不可說(shuō)：Her mother has died since she was a child.
③Since前不可加表示時(shí)間的詞語(yǔ)，但可以與ago連用。
例如：
She has lived with us since her mother died three years ago.
自從她母親3年前去世，她就一直和我們住在一起。
不可說(shuō)：She has lived with us three years since her mother died.
④在It was five years ago since his father died. 一句中的since用錯(cuò)了，因?yàn)樵诤衋go的時(shí)間范疇里，已經(jīng)有了從過(guò)去的一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)以來(lái)的時(shí)間，即已有了since的時(shí)間范疇，所以再用since是多余的。
改為：
It was five years ago that his father died.
他父親5年前去世了。
It is five years since his father died.
他父親去世已經(jīng)5年了。
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高三英語(yǔ)第一輪模擬考知識(shí)點(diǎn)
