托福聽力提高的方法與建議
托福聽力考試中有一部分是必考的內(nèi)容,比如優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)、原因結(jié)果等等。這對(duì)各位考生的要求就更高了一些,大多數(shù)考生對(duì)托福聽力考試并不是很得心應(yīng)手,那么如何快速提高托福聽力水平呢?今天整理了一些托福聽力提升的方法與建議,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
托福聽力提高的方法與建議
1、記下托福聽力考試文章場(chǎng)景
其實(shí)也就是把脈絡(luò)理清楚,一定要注意文章第一句,基本交代了文章的主旨大意和人物關(guān)系,第二步就是注意邏輯詞和邏輯短語(yǔ),這是場(chǎng)景轉(zhuǎn)換和問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)換的重要節(jié)點(diǎn)。For example:so,because,since,however,after ,still,even……這些詞出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候,一定是記錄的重點(diǎn),有助于文章主體的完整。
2、記錄托福聽力考試關(guān)鍵詞
當(dāng)你聽到與文章內(nèi)容息息相關(guān)的一些名詞,動(dòng)詞,形容詞,副詞 ,數(shù)量詞一定要記到相應(yīng)的場(chǎng)景里,這些詞語(yǔ)的出現(xiàn)是考點(diǎn)的重要出處,只要按照固定位置記錄下了關(guān)鍵詞那么整個(gè)文章的大意就呼之欲出啦。再For example:假如A場(chǎng)景關(guān)鍵詞出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)happy,但你卻記到了B場(chǎng)景里,那么整個(gè)文章的大意就出現(xiàn)偏差,這也是不記筆記最容易出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。
3、簡(jiǎn)便記錄托福聽力精準(zhǔn)詞
詞語(yǔ)不用完全記下來(lái),倘若一個(gè)很長(zhǎng)的詞出現(xiàn),你記完了估計(jì)聽力也完了,顯然是撿了芝麻丟了西瓜。第三次For example:S&B,這意思就是學(xué)生和生物老師的意思,ata是攻擊的意思,比把a(bǔ)ttack拼出來(lái)方便多了,就是發(fā)光的意思,完全可以腦洞大開,選擇你喜歡的方式!!!
4、提高托福聽力水平建議
①精聽聽寫:在練習(xí)的過(guò)程中大家不用著急很快就上手記筆記,多做做精聽聽寫,慢慢掌握記筆記的技巧,根據(jù)自己的實(shí)際情況再來(lái)提速,畢竟一口也吃不成胖子。做精聽的網(wǎng)站無(wú)疑是kmf最經(jīng)典了!句、段、全文三種模式的音頻,根據(jù)自己需要去選擇是否出現(xiàn)原文和譯文,有能力的同學(xué)可以調(diào)調(diào)倍速自虐一下哈哈哈哈哈! 掌握方法后可以自己在網(wǎng)站上做做題,根據(jù)解析來(lái)找出筆記的錯(cuò)誤,慢慢的就能摸清門路啦!
②同義替換要多積累:托??荚囍械耐x替換算是比較多的,有時(shí)候題干出現(xiàn)的詞就是文章中某詞的同義替換,你要是沒(méi)看出來(lái)那只能說(shuō)MDZZ,第四次For example:文章中是collect,題干中是amass,其實(shí)都是聚集,積累的意思,你要愣是看不出來(lái)那悟空都救不了你,所以平時(shí)的積累中一定要多掌握點(diǎn)兒同義替換。
③先做題不分析:記完筆記后別急著分析,一共就30s讓你看題,你卻用來(lái)分析,這可以說(shuō)是你與題最遙遠(yuǎn)的距離了,直接看著關(guān)鍵詞和脈絡(luò)在腦子里過(guò)一遍文章內(nèi)容就OK,分析是你在練習(xí)中糾錯(cuò)的步驟,考場(chǎng)上沒(méi)必要,你見(jiàn)過(guò)戰(zhàn)士在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上擦槍呢么???戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上還不是得注重瞄準(zhǔn),所以,30s大部分用來(lái)審題,把問(wèn)題的定位確定好。
托福聽力觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題出題思路及解題技巧
托福聽力觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題的主要目的是考查考生能否聽出說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度或觀點(diǎn)。 考生也許會(huì)被問(wèn)及關(guān)于說(shuō)話人的感受,喜怒或者感到焦慮或快樂(lè)的原因。同時(shí)考生還會(huì)被問(wèn)及關(guān)于說(shuō)話人的把握性的問(wèn)題:說(shuō)話人是在引用事實(shí)還是在表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)?材料中所陳述的事實(shí)是被廣為接受的還是仍有爭(zhēng)議的?有時(shí),題目會(huì)考查考生發(fā)現(xiàn)并理解反語(yǔ)的能力,當(dāng)說(shuō)話人要表達(dá)的意思跟其實(shí)際所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容相反時(shí),那么他/她就是在說(shuō)反語(yǔ)。說(shuō)話人使用反語(yǔ)會(huì)出于各種目的,包括強(qiáng)調(diào)已提出的要點(diǎn),營(yíng)造幽默氣氛以引起聽眾共鳴,或者以間接的方式表示不贊成。(摘自O(shè)G) 可是問(wèn)題是我們到底怎么來(lái)解答觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題呢?
觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題出題思路大致可分為兩種:
(A) 為在文中直接表明觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度
1. 例如通過(guò)語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)判斷(上揚(yáng)表示情緒驚訝,下降通常表示懷疑態(tài)度);我們來(lái)看一道例題(TPO 22/L4, 有女生插問(wèn)到professor對(duì)于”樂(lè)器僅僅為了覆蓋電影放映機(jī)的聲音而存在”這一情況的態(tài)度(問(wèn)答環(huán)節(jié)一般都是聽力題目的出題點(diǎn)), professor 在原文中有明顯的語(yǔ)調(diào)下降,甚至有點(diǎn)對(duì)于這一說(shuō)法有點(diǎn)蔑視,即刻便說(shuō)了Too bad it keeps getting printed as if it were the only reason music was used. Well, think about it… “too bad”亦體現(xiàn)出professor 的否認(rèn)質(zhì)疑態(tài)度,因此答案選的是He doubts that it can fully explain why music was played.
2. 通過(guò)形容詞判斷。如:
肯定態(tài)度(positive): favorable, approval, enthusiastic , supportive
否定態(tài)度(negative): disapproval, dissatisfied, objection, opposition, critical, compromising, concerned
懷疑態(tài)度(doubtful): suspicious, incredulous, skeptical, questionable
客觀態(tài)度(objective): neutral, impartial, disinterested, unprejudiced, unbiased, detached
例如TPO23/L1中問(wèn)及professor 對(duì)于Antikythera Mechanism 年齡的態(tài)度。Professor 在原文提到 the evidence makes an absolute case that this device dates back to ancient Greece somewhere between 150 and 100 B.C.E.后面在轉(zhuǎn)折詞but 后繼續(xù)提到the physical evidence is conclusive. 也就是”absolutely, conclusive “這些詞都體現(xiàn)出作者對(duì)于它的年齡分析是肯定的。當(dāng)然professor在陳述這些情況的時(shí)候語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)有明顯的升華,(暗示著大家這是一個(gè)出題點(diǎn),速記的時(shí)候要有敏感度)。 因此答案選的即是She is confident that the dating is accurate.
(B) 間接表示觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。
有的時(shí)候,說(shuō)話人會(huì)通過(guò)委婉的方式表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn),目的是為了體現(xiàn)出自己的觀點(diǎn)顯得更加公允,不偏激。這種觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度一般是通過(guò)迂回的句型表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。例如,(TPO24/L1)
I heard some great examples of this on the television program on crocodiles last week. Anyone catch it? It had a few interesting bits. But you know, uh, you have to be careful, think critically. Sometimes I don't know where these shows find their experts.
What is the professor's opinion about the television program that she mentions?
She is concerned about the accuracy of some of the information the experts provided.
She is hopeful that the class will be able to discuss it.
She thinks it was overly critical of some recent theories about crocodiles.
She is surprised that it did not include more examples of crocodile communication
從前面幾句話來(lái)看,professor 覺(jué)得電視中關(guān)于鱷魚的節(jié)目是有點(diǎn)意思的。但是之后她的語(yǔ)氣有明顯的停頓(暗示出題點(diǎn)),并在轉(zhuǎn)折之后表示希望同學(xué)們仔細(xì)點(diǎn),犀利一些,想想這些節(jié)目從哪兒找來(lái)的專家。體現(xiàn)出professor 對(duì)這些節(jié)目的質(zhì)疑,因此答案是A選項(xiàng),值得注意的是,此題中的C選項(xiàng)雖然有critical 這個(gè)詞,但是它的意思是指“電視節(jié)目過(guò)于critical了,有悖于原文的意思,不能選。
又如對(duì)話中:
Professor : I don’t think you should start with the case study too early unless you have made full preparation or you might find you can’t meet the deadline. However, it really is the best approach you can try to get people’s response though it is somewhat time-consuming. If you think you can spare your study time, just go for it.
表面上看來(lái),說(shuō)話人是持否定觀點(diǎn)。但轉(zhuǎn)折詞however的出現(xiàn)意味著語(yǔ)言重心的轉(zhuǎn)變. It really is the best approach 就是個(gè)大轉(zhuǎn)折, 說(shuō)明說(shuō)話人實(shí)際上是持支持態(tài)度。
托福聽力如何抓取重要考點(diǎn)?
1. 首部規(guī)律
說(shuō)話者表達(dá)主旨或談話的目的的語(yǔ)句往往出現(xiàn)在開頭的幾句話,是把握全局的重點(diǎn)。
信號(hào)詞:(天道專家建議考生,每天要把所有的信號(hào)詞讀個(gè)幾遍,強(qiáng)迫自己聽到這個(gè)詞馬上反應(yīng)過(guò)來(lái)這里有考點(diǎn))
Today, we’ll focus on/constrated/discuss….
Today, our topic is…
Let’s…
特殊情況(也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)):開頭會(huì)將講一些上次課講的東西,作為復(fù)習(xí),之后才是主旨,我們把這種情況稱為:Miss start
注意:出現(xiàn)Miss Start,上次課講的東西一定要聽,在這部分很可能出細(xì)節(jié)題 Miss Start
信號(hào)詞:Before we get started, let’s review what we’ve learned last class…
Let’s pick up where we left off last week, OK, as you recall(記得)…
Before we begin our discussion on…(此處為本次主題),Let’s review what we know about…(此處為上次主題)
間接開頭: In your text book, the author says that… (主題出現(xiàn)),I thought we all to/should take sometime to talk about it. (不一定完全一樣,但是類型差不多)
2.尾部規(guī)律
托福聽力的結(jié)尾部分往往出現(xiàn)一些總結(jié)性信息以及其他一些涉及考點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容,應(yīng)充分重視。
信號(hào)詞:
To some up
To conclude/in conclusion
In summary/to summarize
Finally
Therefore
From this, we can see that…
托福聽力必背的黃金短語(yǔ)匯總
That's the way it is. 事情就是這樣的。
That's the way it with us. 我們就是這樣。
That's the whole damned trouble. 這就是所有的麻煩。
That's what I came for. 我就是為這個(gè)來(lái)的。
That's what I’m here for. 這是我應(yīng)該做的。
That's what you think. 只有你自己這么想吧。
That's your funeral. 此乃閣下之事。
thaw out 融化
the big time 了不起的事;夢(mèng)想
the crack of down 破曉
the dead of winter 嚴(yán)冬
the devil in her eye 她眼神具有魅力
The die is cast. 一切已成定局。
the God's truth 說(shuō)真的
the hustle and bustle 喧囂氣氛
the line is busy 通話中;占線
The price isn't bad. 不貴。
The whole world knows it. 全世界都知道。
There goes your phone. 你有電話。
There is nothing to it. 太容易了
There you are. 這是你要的。
There you go again. 你又來(lái)這一套了。
There's nothing I can do. 愛(ài)莫能助
There's nothing wrong with me. 我精神很好。
They will be very put out. 他們會(huì)很生氣。
They're a drag. 那多討厭,煩死了。
Think nothing of it. 不要放在心上。
This is a small something for you. 小小禮物,不成敬意
This is serious. 我是當(dāng)真的。
This will be my treat. 這頓飯我請(qǐng)客。
thorn in one's side. 眼中釘肉中刺
thousand and one way 許多辦法
three sheets in the wind 酒醉
threw a party 舉行一個(gè)宴會(huì)
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