高中英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法填空的做題的技巧(2)
高中英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法填空的做題的技巧
高中英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
?、俦硎究陀^事實(shí)或普通真理(不受時(shí)態(tài)限制)
The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.
Water boils at 100oC.
?、诒硎粳F(xiàn)狀、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)時(shí)多用系動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞;表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,多用動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞,且常與表頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
Ice feels cold.
We always care for each other and help each other.
③表示知覺、態(tài)度、感情、某種抽象的關(guān)系或概念的詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如:
I know what you mean.
Smith owns a car and a house.
All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.
?、茉跁r(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。但要注意由if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”,但不表示時(shí)態(tài)。
If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并參加我們的舞會(huì),我的家人會(huì)非常高興。
⑤少數(shù)用于表示起止的動(dòng)詞如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí),表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。當(dāng)be表示根據(jù)時(shí)間或事先安排,肯定會(huì)出現(xiàn)的狀態(tài),只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.
Tomorrow is Wednesday.
2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)
?、僖话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法:表示過(guò)去的事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常與表示過(guò)去具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(或有上下文語(yǔ)境暗示);用于表達(dá)過(guò)去的習(xí)慣;表示說(shuō)話人原來(lái)沒有料到、想到或希望的事通常用過(guò)去式。如:
I met her in the street yesterday.
I once saw the famous star here.
They never drank wine.
I thought the film would be interesting,but it isn’t.
?、谌绻麖木渲杏幸粋€(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),盡管從句中的動(dòng)作先于主句發(fā)生,但從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞連用過(guò)去式。如:
He told me he read an interesting novel last night.
?、郾硎緝蓚€(gè)緊接著發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,常由以下詞語(yǔ)連接,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如:but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。
The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.
He bought a watch but lost it.
?、艹S靡话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的句型:
Why didn’t you / I think of that?
I didn’t notice it.
I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.
I didn’t recognize him.
3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)
?、俦硎疚磥?lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用will / shall + 動(dòng)詞(常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)邊用如tomorrow、next week等)。
?、诒硎疽环N趨向或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。
We’ll die without air or water.
?、郾硎沮呄蛐袨榈膭?dòng)詞如come、go、start、begin、leave等詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式表示將來(lái)時(shí)。
?、躡e going to與will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及區(qū)別:
be going to 表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)?lái)要做某事,這種打算往往經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮,甚至已做了某種準(zhǔn)備;shall / will do表示未事先考慮過(guò),即說(shuō)話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。
be going to 表將來(lái),不能用在條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中;而will則能,表意愿。如:
If it is fine, we’ll go fishing.(正確)
If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(錯(cuò)誤)
be to do sth.表按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止,可能性等。
A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o’clock this afternoon.
be about to do sth.表示“即可,就要”,后面不能接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句。
Autumn harvest is about to start.
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